Anatomy of the New Testament

List  of  Illustrations  and  Sidebars 
Preface 
Acknowledgments 
Abbreviations 
Prologue: The Nature  of  the New Testament 
THE STRUCTURE AND MEANING OF THE NEW TESTAMENT 
THE TRANSMISSION AND TRANSLATION OF THE  NEW TESTAMENT 
READING THE NEW TESTAMENT 
Key terms 

- 1. The World of the New Testament 
THE JEWISH WORLD 
A History of Tragedy and Renewal 
A Persistent Obedience 
THE PHARISEES 
THE SADDUCEES 
THE EssENES 
An Abiding Hope 
THE GRECO-ROMAN WORLD 
Language and Culture 
ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
THE GREEK LANGUAGE 
Life under the Roman Empire 
ROMAN PEACE 
CoMMUNICATION 
CIVIC LIFE 
DOMESTIC LIFE 
Religion 
TRADITIONAL AND OFFICIAL RELIGION 
PoPULAR RELIGION 
Mystery Religions 
Gnosticism 
From Philosophy to Astrology 
DIASPORA JUDAISM 
TESTING YOUR COMPREHENSION AND ANALYSIS 
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Key terms 
Suggestions for further reading 

------  PART ONE: THE GOSPELS AND  JESUS 

- 2. Mark: The Gospel of  Suff ering 
THE GOSPELS, GOSPEL CRITICISM, AND THE ORIGINS OF MARK 
The Nature of  the Gospels 
Gospel Criticism: The Relations among the Synoptics 
PROLOGUE: THE SPIRIT AND JESUS IN THE WORLD (1:1-15) 
THE GOSPEL OF POWER: JESUS OPPOSES HIS ENEMIES  (1:16-8:2 1) 
ENCOUNTER WITH  DEMONS AND SICKNESS  (1  :21 -45) 
DEBATE WITH  THE  PHARISEES  (2:  1 -3:6) 
THE POWER OF SUFFERING:  JESUS WINS HIS  DISCIPLES (8:22-15:47) 
Two STAGES OF  DISCIPLESHIP  (8:22-9:9) 
FAITH TO PRODUCE  HEALING  (9:  14-32) 
JESUS APPROACHES HIS  DEATH  (10:1-14:72) 
Fulfillment of the Old 
Desertion by the Disciples 
Victory through  Failure 
Necessity of  Jesus' Death 
THE CROSS OF JESUS (15:33-47) 
EPILOGUE: THE FUTURE VICTORY  (  16:1  -8) 
CONCLUSION 
TESTING YOUR COMPREHENSION AND ANALYSIS 
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- 3.  Matthew: The Gospel of Obedience 
INTRODUCTION: THE  NEW OBEDIENCE  (1:  1-2:23) 
Joseph and the Birth  of Jesus (  1:  18-2  5) 
THE HIGHER RIGHTEOUSNESS  {3:1 -7:29) 
Fulfilling Righteousness  (3: 1 3- 1 7) 
Teaching Righteousness (5: 17-20) 
TRUE DISCIPLESHIP  {8:1-1 1 :1) 
THE  KINGDOM OF HEAVEN  (1 1 :2-1 3:52) 
THE FORGIVING CHURCH  (1 3:53-1 9:2) 
Peter as  the Rock (16:  13-23) 
Discipline  in  Community  (18:  15-22) 
JUDGMENT: DOING GOD'S WILL  (1 9:3-26:  1) 
Condemnation  of Hypocrisy  (23:  1-9) 
Doing Mercy without Calculation  (25:3 1 -46) 
OBEDIENCE AND RESURRECTION  (26:2-28:20) 
The  Great Commission  (28:  16-20) 
CONCLUSION 
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- 4.  Luke: The Gospel of Witnessing 
PREFACE: A TIME FOR TRUE REMEMBERING { 1:  1-4) 
INTRODUCTION: A UNIVERSAL STORY  {1  :5-2:52) 
Twofold Witness  to Jesus (2:22-40) 
Initial  Victory in  the Temple  (2:41-52) 
GATHERING WITNESSES  IN GALILEE  (3:1 -9:50) 
The  Offense of Jesus' Preaching  (4:  16-30) 
Sure Witness  to  the Word  (8:  1-21) 
WITNESS TO  THE WORD ON THE  JOURNEY TO  JERUSALEM  (9:51-1 9:27)  137 
Jesus' Word about the Present (15: 1-32)  140 
Jesus' Word about the Future  (19: 1 1-27)  141 
THE TRUE  ISRAEL THROUGH  THE PASSION AND RESURRECTION  (1 9:28-24:53)  141 
The  True  Inheritors (20:  9- 1 9)  143 
Fulfilling  the Scripture  (24: 13-35)  146 
CONCLUSION  1 48 
TESTING YOUR COMPREHENSION AND ANALYSIS  1 51 
Have you learned it?  1 51 
Key  terms  1 51 
Suggestions  for further reading  152 

- 5.  John: The Gospel of  Jesus' Glory  155 
INTRODUCTION  (1:  1-51)  159 
The Prologue: Jesus Christ as the Word (1:  1-18)  159 
The Appearance of John  the Baptist (1:  19-51)  163 
THE REVELATION OF JESUS' GLORY BEFORE THE WORLD  (2:  1-1 2:50)  164 
Nicodemus  (3: 1-21)  165 
The Response  to Jesus' Signs  Turns Hostile  (5: 1-47)  167 
The Healing of  the Man Born Blind (9:  1-41)  168 
THE REVELATION OF JESUS' GLORY BEFORE THE COMMUNITY (13:1-1 7:26)  172 
The  Last Supper (13: 1-38)  174 
The Promise of  the Paraclete (14:  15-17, 26;  16:  12-14)  176 
Jesus' Last Will:  The Prayer of  Consecration  (17:  1-26)  178 
JESUS'  LAST APPEARANCE BEFORE THE WORLD: HIS HIDDEN GLORIFICATION 
(18:1-19:42)  179 
The  Trial before Pilate  (18:28-19: 16) 
The Execution of Jesus by Crucifixion  (19:  17-42) 
Jesus' Return  to His Disciples  (20:  1-31) 
APPENDIX: THE STORY CONTINUES  (21:  1-25) 
CONCLUSION 
TESTING YOUR COMPREHENSION AND ANALYSIS 
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Key terms  186 
Suggestions  for further reading  187 

- 6.  Jesus the Messiah  189 
INTRODUCTION: THE TRADITION ABOUT JESUS  190 
Kerygma, Gospels,  and Jesus of Nazareth  192 
The  Basic Tradition of Jesus  193 
THE HEALING MESSIAH  195 
Miracles  in  the First Century  197 
Miracles  in  the Synoptic Gospels  197 
THE EscHATOLOGICAL CoNTEXT  198 
TYPES OF MIRACLES  199 
MIRACLES AND FAITH  201 
Miracles  in  a Modern Perspective  202 
THE TEACHING MESSIAH  203 
The  Proclamation of the Kingdom of God  204 
THE KINGDOM AS PRESENT AND FUTURE  205 
JESUS AND APOCALYPTICISM  206 
THE KINGDOM AND THE PARABLES  208 
THE EXPECTATION OF JESUS' RETURN  210 
The  Radical Demand of  the Kingdom  210 
THE SERMON oN THE MouNT  21 1 
JESUS AND THE lAW  212 
The  Relationship of Jesus  to His Message  213 
THE QUESTION OF JESUS' MESSIANIC CONSCIOUSNESS  213 
JESUS' CALL  TO DISCIPLESHIP  218 
THE AUTHORITY OF JESUS: A SUMMARY  218 
THE SUFFERING MESSIAH  219 
The  Passion and Death  of Jesus  22 1 
THE EVENTS OF JESUS'  PASSION AND DEATH  223 
The  Resurrection  of Jesus of Nazareth  229 
THE RESURRECTION TRADITION  230 
CONCLUSION  233 
TESTING YOUR COMPREHENSION AND ANALYSIS  233 
Have you  learned it?  233 
Key terms  233 
Suggestions  for further reading  234 

--------  PART TWO: THE APOSTLES AND THE EARLY CHURCH 

- 7. Acts: Mission and Witness 
INTRODUCTION: A NEW BEGINNING (1  :1-2:47) 
Jesus' Departure (  1:  1- 11 ) 
The Apostolic Witness (1:  12-26) 
Spirit,  Gospel,  and Church  (2: 1-4 7) 
THE GROWTH OF THE CHURCH AND ITS WITNESS  (3:1-1 2:25) 
Stephen's Martyrdom  (6:  1-7:60) 
Mission  to the Gentiles  (1  0:1-1 1:  18) 
CHRISTIANITY'S TRIUMPHAL MARCH  (1  3:1-21:  14) 
Paul's Speech  at Pisidian Antioch  (13: 17-4 1) 
Paul's Speech  in Athens (1  7:  16-34) 
JERUSALEM TO  ROME  (21:15-28:31) 
CONCLUSION 
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- 8.  Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles 
AN APOSTLE'S LIFE: NOTES ON PAUL'S CAREER 
THESSALONIANS: FAITH AND THE FUTURE 
The Return of Jesus (1 Thess.  4: 13-5: 11 ) 
Eschatological Teaching (2  Thess. 2:1-1  7) 
GALATIANS: FAITH'S  SUFFICIENCY 
Apostle by God's Revelation  (Gal.  1:6-2: 10) 
Faith within  the History of Salvation  (Gal. 2: 1 1-21) 
Works  of  the Law (Gal.  3:  1-2  9) 
SECOND CORINTHIANS: COURAGE AND AUTHORITY 
Courage in Ministry (2 Cor.  4: 1-1  5) 
Paul's Apostleship  under Attack (2 Cor.  10:1-13:1  0) 
PHILIPPIANS AND PHILEMON: PERSONAL ATTITUDE AND RELATIONS 
Joy in Hardship  (Phil.  1:  12-26) 
The Example of Jesus (Phil.  2: 1-1 1) 
Slavery and Freedom  (Phi/em. 4-20) 
CONCLUSION: WHAT WE  KNOW ABOUT  PAUL 
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- 9.  1 Corinthians:  Faith  for a  Fractured Church 
INTRODUCTION: GREETINGS AND THANKSGIVING  (1:1-9) 
DIVISION  IN THE CHURCH  (1  :10-4:21) 
The Corinthian Situation  (1:  10-1  7) 
Paul's Own Practice and Example (1:  18-3:4) 
Paul and Apollos as Servants  (3:5-4:7) 
Admonition  to  the Corinthians (4:8-2 1) 
IMMORALITY IN THE CORINTHIAN CHURCH  (5:  1-6:20) 
Flagrant Sexual Immorality (5: 1-13) 
Christians Suing One Another (6: 1-1 1) 
Theology of  the Body  (6:  12-20) 
RESPONSES TO  THE CORINTHIANS'  LETTER AND OTHER ISSUES  (7:1-1 5:58) 
Sexual Relations in Marriage (7:  1-40) 
Love and Knowledge (8:  1-13) 
Apostleship  and Reward (9: 1-27) 
The Danger of Idolatry and Idol T  em  pies ( 1 0:  1-1 1: 1) 
Conduct in  Worship: Hairdress and the Lord's Supper (1 1  :2-34) 
Spiritual Gifts  (Chapters  12-14) 
SPIRIT AND BoDY  (  12:1-31) 
LOVE (12:31-1 3:1 3) 
PROPHECY AND SPEAKING  IN TONGUES  (14:  1-40) 
The Resurrection  from the Dead (15: 1-58) 
THE COLLECTION  FOR THE  JERUSALEM CHURCH AND OTHER BUSINESS  {16:1 -24) 
CONCLUSION 
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- 10. Romans: The Righteousness of God 
INTRODUCTION: RIGHTEOUSNESS BY FAITH  {1:  1-17) 
GOD'S WRATH: THE  PROBLEM OF SIN  (1:1 8-3:20) 
GOD'S RIGHTEOUSNESS AND THE RESPONSE OF FAITH  (3:21 -4:25) 
Justification by Faith  (3:21-31) 
Abraham and the Promise to Faith  (4: 1-25) 
GOD'S GRACE AND HUMAN  FREEDOM  (5: 1-8:39) 
The New Si tuation  (5: 1-21) 
Freedom  from Sin  (6: 1-23) 
Freedom  from  the Law (7:  1-25) 
Life  in the Spirit  (8:  1-39) 
GOD'S FAITHFULNESS  (9:  1-1 1 :36) 
THE OBEDIENCE OF FAITH  (12:1-15:13) 
CLOSING  (15: 14-1 6:27) 
CONCLUSION 
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- 11. Deutero-Pauline Letters: The Emerging Church 
PAUL'S  LEGACY 
COLOSSIANS: STEADFASTNESS AGAINST HERESY 
Warning against Erroneous Teaching  (Col. 2:8- 15) 
EPHESIANS:  LOOKING TO  THE  FOUNDATION 
The  Unity of the Church  (Eph. 2:  1 1-22) 
THE  PASTORALS: THE COMMUNITY AS  INSTITUTION 
Heresy and Right  Teaching in the Church  (1 Tim.  4: 1-16) 
CONCLUSION: SOLIDIFYING CHRISTIANITY'S  IDENTITY 
The Distinction  of  Orthodoxy and Heresy 
Organs of Authority 
CLERGY 
CREEDS 
SCRIPTURE 
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- 12. The Catholic Epistles:  Faith and Order 
JAMES:  INNER DISCIPLINE 
Faith and Action  (James 2:  14-26) 
FIRST PETER: THE CONTINUING STRUGGLE FOR FAITH 
Servants and the Suffering Servant (1 Pet. 2:  11 -25) 
THE  LETTERS OF JOHN:  LOVE,  DOCTRINE, AND CHURCH  POLITICS 
The Spirit of  Jesus as Love (1 John 4: 1-21) 
Church Doctrine and Politics  (2 and 3 John) 
2  JOHN 
3  JOHN 
CONCLUSION: CHRISTIANITY'S SUCCESS AS A RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT 
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- 13. Other Apostolic Writings: Vision and Discipline 
HEBREWS: THE MINISTRY OF THE TRUE HIGH  PRIEST 
Jesus'  Qualifications as High Priest (4: 14-5: 10) 
2  PETER AND JUDE: DEALING WITH  THE  LORD'S DELAY 
The  Coming of  the Day of the Lord (2 Pet. 3:  1-13; Jude 3) 
THE  REVELATION TO  JOHN: FAITH'S VISION OF A NEW ORDER 
The  Vision of  the Prophet on Patmos (Rev.  1:  1-20) 
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EPILOGUE: THE ANATOMY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT-MEANING,STRUCTURE,AND IDENTITY 
MEANING 
STRUCTURE 
IDENTITY 
GLOSSARY 
GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 
I. GETTING ORIENTED 
II. TOOLS FOR NEW TESTAMENT STUDY 
III. COMMENTARIES 
IV. ANNOTATED BIBLES 
V.  TEXT AND CANON 
VI. CHRISTIANITY AS A RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT 
VII. NEW TESTAMENT THEOLOGY AND ETHICS 
VIII. HISTORY OF CRITICISM AND INTERPRETATION 
IX. OTHER RESOURCES 
NAME AND SUBJECT INDEX 
BIBLICAL INDEX