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دانلود کتاب Analysis, synthesis, and design of chemical processes
دانلود کتاب تجزیه و تحلیل ، سنتز و طراحی فرایندهای شیمیایی
مشخصات کتاب
Analysis, synthesis, and design of chemical processes
دسته بندی: شیمیایی ویرایش: نویسندگان: Richard Turton, et al سری: Prentice-Hall international series in the physical and chemical engineering sciences ISBN (شابک) : 0135129664, 9780135129661 ناشر: Prentice Hall سال نشر: 2009 تعداد صفحات: 1143 زبان: English فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) حجم فایل: 33 مگابایت
قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 43,000
کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب تجزیه و تحلیل ، سنتز و طراحی فرایندهای شیمیایی: شیمی و صنایع شیمیایی، فرآیندها و دستگاه های فناوری شیمیایی، طراحی صنایع شیمیایی و پتروشیمی
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توضیحاتی درمورد کتاب به خارجی
This title presents design as a creative process that integrates both the big picture and the small details - and knows which to stress when, and why. Realistic from start to finish, it moves readers beyond classroom exercises into open-ended, real-world process problem solving. Material on the CD-ROM xix Preface xxiii About the Authors xxvii List of Nomenclature xxix SECTION 1: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES 1 Chapter 1: Diagrams for Understanding Chemical Processes 5 1.1 Block Flow Diagrams (BFDs) 7 1.2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD) 9 1.3 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) 26 1.4 Additional Diagrams 32 1.5 Three-Dimensional Representation of a Process 33 1.6 The 3-D Plant Model 42 1.7 Summary 44 References 45 Short Answer Questions 45 Problems 46 Chapter 2: The Structure and Synthesis of Process Flow Diagrams 51 2.1 Hierarchy of Process Design 51 2.2 Step 1-Batch versus Continuous Process 52 2.3 Step 2-The Input/Output Structure of the Process 57 2.4 Step 3-The Recycle Structure of the Process 68 2.5 Step 4-General Structure of the Separation System 84 2.6 Step 5-Heat-Exchanger Network or Process Energy Recovery System 84 2.7 Information Required and Sources 84 2.8 Summary 84 References 86 Short Answer Questions 88 Problems 88 Chapter 3: Batch Processing 93 3.1 Design Calculations for Batch Processes 93 3.2 Gantt Charts and Scheduling 100 3.3 Nonoverlapping, Overlapping Operations, and Cycle Times 101 3.4 Flowshop and Jobshop Plants 104 3.5 Product and Intermediate Storage and Parallel Process Units 110 3.6 Design of Equipment for Multiproduct Batch Processes 116 3.7 Summary 119 References 119 Short Answer Questions 119 Problems 120 Chapter 4: Chemical Product Design 123 4.1 Strategies for Chemical Product Design 124 4.2 Needs 126 4.3 Ideas 128 4.4 Selection 129 4.5 Manufacture 131 4.6 Batch Processing 132 4.7 Economic Considerations 132 4.8 Summary 133 References 133 Chapter 5: Tracing Chemicals through the Process Flow Diagram 135 5.1 Guidelines and Tactics for Tracing Chemicals 135 5.2 Tracing Primary Paths Taken by Chemicals in a Chemical Process 136 5.3 Recycle and Bypass Streams 142 5.4 Tracing Nonreacting Chemicals 146 5.5 Limitations 147 5.6 Written Process Description 147 5.7 Summary 149 Problems 149 Chapter 6: Understanding Process Conditions 151 6.1 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Separation and Reactor Systems 152 6.2 Reasons for Operating at Conditions of Special Concern 154 6.3 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Other Equipment 159 6.4 Analysis of Important Process Conditions 163 6.5 Summary 171 References 172 Short Answer Questions 172 Problems 172 SECTION 2: ENGINEERING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES 175 Chapter 7: Estimation of Capital Costs 177 7.1 Classifications of Capital Cost Estimates 177 7.2 Estimation of Purchased Equipment Costs 181 7.3 Estimating the Total Capital Cost of a Plant 187 7.4 Summary 215 References 215 Short Answer Questions 216 Problems 216 Chapter 8: Estimation of Manufacturing Costs 221 8.1 Factors Affecting the Cost of Manufacturing a Chemical Product 221 8.2 Cost of Operating Labor 226 8.3 Utility Costs 228 8.4 Raw Material Costs 244 8.5 Yearly Costs and Stream Factors 246 8.6 Estimating Utility Costs from the PFD 247 8.7 Cost of Treating Liquid and Solid Waste Streams 250 8.8 Evaluation of Cost of Manufacture for the Production of Benzene via the Hydrodealkylation of Toluene 250 8.9 Summary 251 References 252 Short Answer Questions 252 Problems 253 Chapter 9: Engineering Economic Analysis 257 9.1 Investments and the Time Value of Money 258 9.2 Different Types of Interest 262 9.3 Time Basis for Compound Interest Calculations 264 9.4 Cash Flow Diagrams 266 9.5 Calculations from Cash Flow Diagrams 270 9.6 Inflation 276 9.7 Depreciation of Capital Investment 279 9.8 Taxation, Cash Flow, and Profit 286 9.9 Summary 288 References 290 Short Answer Questions 290 Problems 291 Chapter 10: Profitability Analysis 297 10.1 A Typical Cash Flow Diagram for a New Project 297 10.2 Profitability Criteria for Project Evaluation 299 10.3 Comparing Several Large Projects: Incremental Economic Analysis 308 10.4 Establishing Acceptable Returns from Investments: The Concept of Risk 311 10.5 Evaluation of Equipment Alternatives 312 10.6 Incremental Analysis for Retrofitting Facilities 319 10.7 Evaluation of Risk in Evaluating Profitability 325 10.8 Profit Margin Analysis 344 10.9 Summary 345 References 346 Short Answer Questions 346 Problems 347 SECTION 3: SYNTHESIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES 361 Chapter 11: Utilizing Experience-Based Principles to Confirm the Suitability of a Process Design 363 11.1 The Role of Experience in the Design Process 364 11.2 Presentation of Tables of Technical Heuristics and Guidelines 368 11.3 Summary 371 References 389 Problems 389 Chapter 12: Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD 391 12.1 Information Needs and Sources 392 12.2 Reactor Section 394 12.3 Separator Section 396 12.4 Reactor Feed Preparation and Separator Feed Preparation Sections 415 12.5 Recycle Section 416 12.6 Environmental Control Section 416 12.7 Major Process Control Loops 416 12.8 Flow Summary Table 417 12.9 Major Equipment Summary Table 417 12.10 Summary 418 References 418 Problems 419 Chapter 13: Synthesis of a Process Using a Simulator and Simulator Troubleshooting 423 13.1 The Structure of a Process Simulator 424 13.2 Information Required to Complete a Process Simulation: Input Data 428 13.3 Handling Recycle Streams 441 13.4 Choosing Thermodynamic Models 443 13.5 Case Study: Toluene Hydrodealkylation Process 457 13.6 Summary 460 References 460 Problems 461 Chapter 14: Process Optimization 465 14.1 Background Information on Optimization 465 14.2 Strategies 471 14.3 Topological Optimization 476 14.4 Parametric Optimization 484 14.5 Lattice Search Techniques versus Response Surface Techniques 496 14.6 Process Flexibility and the Sensitivity of the Optimum 497 14.7 Optimization in Batch Systems 497 14.8 Summary 506 References 507 Short Answer Questions 507 Problems 507 Chapter 15: Pinch Technology 521 15.1 Introduction 521 15.2 Heat Integration and Network Design 522 15.3 Composite Temperature-Enthalpy Diagram 539 15.4 Composite Enthalpy Curves for Systems without a Pinch 540 15.5 Using the Composite Enthalpy Curve to Estimate Heat-Exchanger Surface Area 541 15.6 Effectiveness Factor (F) and the Number of Shells 545 15.7 Combining Costs to Give the EAOC for the Network 552 15.8 Other Considerations 554 15.9 Heat-Exchanger Network Synthesis Analysis and Design (HENSAD) Program 559 15.10 Mass-Exchange Networks 560 15.11 Summary 570 References 570 Short Answer Questions 571 Problems 572 SECTION 4: ANALYSIS OF PROCESS PERFORMANCE 579 Chapter 16: Process Input/Output Models 583 16.1 Representation of Process Inputs and Outputs 584 16.2 Analysis of the Effect of Process Inputs on Process Outputs 587 16.3 A Process Example 588 16.4 Summary 590 Problems 591 Chapter 17: Tools for Evaluating Process Performance 593 17.1 Key Relationships 593 17.2 Thinking with Equations 595 17.3 Base-Case Ratios 597 17.4 Analysis of Systems Using Controlling Resistances 599 17.5 Graphical Representations 601 17.6 Summary 606 Reference 607 Problems 607 Chapter 18: Performance Curves for Individual Unit Operations 609 18.1 Applications to Heat Transfer 611 18.2 Application to Fluid Flow 617 18.3 Application to Separation Problems 633 18.4 Summary 647 Reference 648 Short Answer Questions 648 Problems 650 Chapter 19: Performance of Multiple Unit Operations 659 19.1 Analysis of a Reactor with Heat Transfer 659 19.2 Performance of a Distillation Column 664 19.3 Performance of a Heating Loop 671 19.4 Performance of the Feed Section to a Process 677 19.5 Summary 681 References 682 Short Answer Questions 682 Problems 682 Chapter 20: Reactor Performance 699 20.1 Production of Desired Product 701 20.2 Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics 703 20.3 The Chemical Reactor 706 20.4 Heat Transfer in the Chemical Reactor 712 20.5 Reactor System Case Studies 715 20.6 Summary 730 References 731 Short Answer Questions 731 Problems 732 Chapter 21: Regulating Process Conditions 737 21.1 A Simple Regulation Problem 738 21.2 The Characteristics of Regulating Valves 740 21.3 Regulating Flowrates and Pressures 742 21.4 The Measurement of Process Variables 746 21.5 Common Control Strategies Used in Chemical Processes 746 21.6 Exchanging Heat and Work between Process and Utility Streams 753 21.7 Case Studies 761 21.8 Summary 767 References 768 Problems 768 Chapter 22: Process Troubleshooting and Debottlenecking 773 22.1 Recommended Methodology 775 22.2 Troubleshooting Individual Units 780 22.3 Troubleshooting Multiple Units 787 22.4 A Process Troubleshooting Problem 792 22.5 Debottlenecking Problems 798 22.6 Summary 799 References 799 Problems 799 SECTION 5: THE IMPACT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN ON SOCIETY 809 Chapter 23: Ethics and Professionalism 811 23.1 Ethics 812 23.2 Professional Registration 833 23.3 Legal Liability 839 23.4 Business Codes of Conduct 841 23.5 Summary 842 References 842 Problems 844 Chapter 24: Health, Safety, and the Environment 847 24.1 Risk Assessment 848 24.2 Regulations and Agencies 851 24.3 Fires and Explosions 863 24.4 Process Hazard Analysis 865 24.5 Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board 875 24.6 Inherently Safe Design 875 24.7 Summary 876 24.8 Glossary 876 References 878 Problems 879 Chapter 25: Green Engineering 881 25.1 Environmental Regulations 881 25.2 Environmental Fate of Chemicals 883 25.3 Green Chemistry 886 25.4 Pollution Prevention during Process Design 887 25.5 Analysis of a PFD for Pollution Performance and Environmental Performance 890 25.6 An Example of the Economics of Pollution Prevention 891 25.7 Life Cycle Analysis 892 25.8 Summary 893 References 894 Problems 895 SECTION 6: INTERPERSONAL AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS 897 Chapter 26: Teamwork 899 26.1 Groups 899 26.2 Group Evolution 910 26.3 Teams and Teamwork 913 26.4 Misconceptions 916 26.5 Learning in Teams 917 26.6 Other Reading 918 26.7 Summary 920 References 920 Problems 921 Appendix A: Cost Equations and Curves for the CAPCOST Program 923 A.1 Purchased Equipment Costs 923 A.2 Pressure Factors 941 A.3 Material Factors and Bare Module Factors 945 References 954 Appendix B: Information for the Preliminary Design of Eleven Chemical Processes 955 B.1 DME Production, Unit 200 956 B.2 Ethyl Benzene Production, Unit 300 962 B.3 Styrene Production, Unit 400 970 B.4 Drying Oil Production, Unit 500 978 B.5 Production of Maleic Anhydride from Benzene, Unit 600 984 B.6 Ethylene Oxide Production, Unit 700 991 B.7 Formalin Production, Unit 800 1000 B.8 Batch Production of L-Phenylalanine and L-Aspartic Acid, Unit 900 1007 B.9 Acrylic Acid Production via the Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Propylene 1015 B.10 Production of Acetone via the Dehydrogenation of Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA), Unit 1100 1026 B.11 Production of Heptenes from Propylene and Butenes, Unit 1200 1035 Index 1045
فهرست مطالب
Contents......Page 6
Material on the CD-ROM......Page 20
Preface......Page 24
About the Authors......Page 28
List of Nomenclature......Page 30
SECTION 1 CONCEPTUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES......Page 36
Chapter 1 Diagrams for Understanding Chemical Processes......Page 40
1.1 Block Flow Diagrams (BFDs)......Page 42
1.2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD)......Page 44
1.3 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)......Page 61
1.4 Additional Diagrams......Page 67
1.5 Three-Dimensional Representation of a Process......Page 68
1.6 The 3-D Plant Model......Page 77
1.7 Summary......Page 79
Short Answer Questions......Page 80
Problems......Page 81
2.1 Hierarchy of Process Design......Page 86
2.2 Step 1—Batch versus Continuous Process......Page 87
2.3 Step 2—The Input/Output Structure of the Process......Page 92
2.4 Step 3—The Recycle Structure of the Process......Page 103
2.8 Summary......Page 119
References......Page 121
Problems......Page 123
3.1 Design Calculations for Batch Processes......Page 128
3.2 Gantt Charts and Scheduling......Page 135
3.3 Nonoverlapping, Overlapping Operations, and Cycle Times......Page 136
3.4 Flowshop and Jobshop Plants......Page 139
3.5 Product and Intermediate Storage and Parallel Process Units......Page 145
3.6 Design of Equipment for Multiproduct Batch Processes......Page 151
Short Answer Questions......Page 154
Problems......Page 155
Chapter 4 Chemical Product Design......Page 158
4.1 Strategies for Chemical Product Design......Page 159
4.2 Needs......Page 161
4.3 Ideas......Page 163
4.4 Selection......Page 164
4.5 Manufacture......Page 166
4.7 Economic Considerations......Page 167
References......Page 168
5.1 Guidelines and Tactics for Tracing Chemicals......Page 170
5.2 Tracing Primary Paths Taken by Chemicals in a Chemical Process......Page 171
5.3 Recycle and Bypass Streams......Page 177
5.4 Tracing Nonreacting Chemicals......Page 181
5.6 Written Process Description......Page 182
Problems......Page 184
Chapter 6 Understanding Process Conditions......Page 186
6.1 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Separation and Reactor Systems......Page 187
6.2 Reasons for Operating at Conditions of Special Concern......Page 189
6.3 Conditions of Special Concern for the Operation of Other Equipment......Page 194
6.4 Analysis of Important Process Conditions......Page 198
6.5 Summary......Page 206
Problems......Page 207
SECTION 2 ENGINEERING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES......Page 210
7.1 Classifications of Capital Cost Estimates......Page 212
7.2 Estimation of Purchased Equipment Costs......Page 216
7.3 Estimating the Total Capital Cost of a Plant......Page 222
References......Page 250
Problems......Page 251
8.1 Factors Affecting the Cost of Manufacturing a Chemical Product......Page 256
8.2 Cost of Operating Labor......Page 261
8.3 Utility Costs......Page 263
8.4 Raw Material Costs......Page 279
8.5 Yearly Costs and Stream Factors......Page 281
8.6 Estimating Utility Costs from the PFD......Page 282
8.8 Evaluation of Cost of Manufacture for the Production of Benzene via the Hydrodealkylation of Toluene......Page 285
8.9 Summary......Page 286
Short Answer Questions......Page 287
Problems......Page 288
Chapter 9 Engineering Economic Analysis......Page 292
9.1 Investments and the Time Value of Money......Page 293
9.2 Different Types of Interest......Page 297
9.3 Time Basis for Compound Interest Calculations......Page 299
9.4 Cash Flow Diagrams......Page 301
9.5 Calculations from Cash Flow Diagrams......Page 305
9.6 Inflation......Page 311
9.7 Depreciation of Capital Investment......Page 314
9.8 Taxation, Cash Flow, and Profit......Page 321
9.9 Summary......Page 323
Short Answer Questions......Page 325
Problems......Page 326
10.1 A Typical Cash Flow Diagram for a New Project......Page 332
10.2 Profitability Criteria for Project Evaluation......Page 334
10.3 Comparing Several Large Projects: Incremental Economic Analysis......Page 343
10.4 Establishing Acceptable Returns from Investments: The Concept of Risk......Page 346
10.5 Evaluation of Equipment Alternatives......Page 347
10.6 Incremental Analysis for Retrofitting Facilities......Page 354
10.7 Evaluation of Risk in Evaluating Profitability......Page 360
10.8 Profit Margin Analysis......Page 379
10.9 Summary......Page 380
Short Answer Questions......Page 381
Problems......Page 382
SECTION 3 SYNTHESIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES......Page 396
Chapter 11 Utilizing Experience-Based Principles to Confirm the Suitability of a Process Design......Page 398
11.1 The Role of Experience in the Design Process......Page 399
11.2 Presentation of Tables of Technical Heuristics and Guidelines......Page 403
11.3 Summary......Page 406
Problems......Page 424
Chapter 12 Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD......Page 426
12.1 Information Needs and Sources......Page 427
12.2 Reactor Section......Page 429
12.3 Separator Section......Page 431
12.4 Reactor Feed Preparation and Separator Feed Preparation Sections......Page 450
12.7 Major Process Control Loops......Page 451
12.9 Major Equipment Summary Table......Page 452
References......Page 453
Problems......Page 454
Chapter 13 Synthesis of a Process Using a Simulator and Simulator Troubleshooting......Page 458
13.1 The Structure of a Process Simulator......Page 459
13.2 Information Required to Complete a Process Simulation: Input Data......Page 463
13.3 Handling Recycle Streams......Page 476
13.4 Choosing Thermodynamic Models......Page 478
13.5 Case Study: Toluene Hydrodealkylation Process......Page 492
References......Page 495
Problems......Page 496
14.1 Background Information on Optimization......Page 500
14.2 Strategies......Page 506
14.3 Topological Optimization......Page 511
14.4 Parametric Optimization......Page 519
14.5 Lattice Search Techniques versus Response Surface Techniques......Page 531
14.7 Optimization in Batch Systems......Page 532
14.8 Summary......Page 541
Problems......Page 542
15.1 Introduction......Page 556
15.2 Heat Integration and Network Design......Page 557
15.3 Composite Temperature-Enthalpy Diagram......Page 574
15.4 Composite Enthalpy Curves for Systems without a Pinch......Page 575
15.5 Using the Composite Enthalpy Curve to Estimate Heat-Exchanger Surface Area......Page 576
15.6 Effectiveness Factor (F) and the Number of Shells......Page 580
15.7 Combining Costs to Give the EAOC for the Network......Page 587
15.8 Other Considerations......Page 589
15.9 Heat-Exchanger Network Synthesis Analysis and Design (HENSAD) Program......Page 594
15.10 Mass-Exchange Networks......Page 595
References......Page 605
Short Answer Questions......Page 606
Problems......Page 607
SECTION 4 ANALYSIS OF PROCESS PERFORMANCE......Page 614
Chapter 16 Process Input/Output Models......Page 618
16.1 Representation of Process Inputs and Outputs......Page 619
16.2 Analysis of the Effect of Process Inputs on Process Outputs......Page 622
16.3 A Process Example......Page 623
16.4 Summary......Page 625
Problems......Page 626
17.1 Key Relationships......Page 628
17.2 Thinking with Equations......Page 630
17.3 Base-Case Ratios......Page 632
17.4 Analysis of Systems Using Controlling Resistances......Page 634
17.5 Graphical Representations......Page 636
17.6 Summary......Page 641
Problems......Page 642
Chapter 18 Performance Curves for Individual Unit Operations......Page 644
18.1 Applications to Heat Transfer......Page 646
18.2 Application to Fluid Flow......Page 652
18.3 Application to Separation Problems......Page 668
18.4 Summary......Page 682
Short Answer Questions......Page 683
Problems......Page 685
19.1 Analysis of a Reactor with Heat Transfer......Page 694
19.2 Performance of a Distillation Column......Page 699
19.3 Performance of a Heating Loop......Page 706
19.4 Performance of the Feed Section to a Process......Page 712
19.5 Summary......Page 716
Problems......Page 717
Chapter 20 Reactor Performance......Page 734
20.1 Production of Desired Product......Page 736
20.2 Reaction Kinetics and Thermodynamics......Page 738
20.3 The Chemical Reactor......Page 741
20.4 Heat Transfer in the Chemical Reactor......Page 747
20.5 Reactor System Case Studies......Page 750
20.6 Summary......Page 765
Short Answer Questions......Page 766
Problems......Page 767
Chapter 21 Regulating Process Conditions......Page 772
21.1 A Simple Regulation Problem......Page 773
21.2 The Characteristics of Regulating Valves......Page 775
21.3 Regulating Flowrates and Pressures......Page 777
21.5 Common Control Strategies Used in Chemical Processes......Page 781
21.6 Exchanging Heat and Work between Process and Utility Streams......Page 788
21.7 Case Studies......Page 796
21.8 Summary......Page 802
Problems......Page 803
Chapter 22 Process Troubleshooting and Debottlenecking......Page 808
22.1 Recommended Methodology......Page 810
22.2 Troubleshooting Individual Units......Page 815
22.3 Troubleshooting Multiple Units......Page 822
22.4 A Process Troubleshooting Problem......Page 827
22.5 Debottlenecking Problems......Page 833
Problems......Page 834
SECTION 5 THE IMPACT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN ON SOCIETY......Page 844
Chapter 23 Ethics and Professionalism......Page 846
23.1 Ethics......Page 847
23.2 Professional Registration......Page 868
23.3 Legal Liability......Page 874
23.4 Business Codes of Conduct......Page 876
References......Page 877
Problems......Page 879
Chapter 24 Health, Safety, and the Environment......Page 882
24.1 Risk Assessment......Page 883
24.2 Regulations and Agencies......Page 886
24.3 Fires and Explosions......Page 898
24.4 Process Hazard Analysis......Page 900
24.6 Inherently Safe Design......Page 910
24.8 Glossary......Page 911
References......Page 913
Problems......Page 914
25.1 Environmental Regulations......Page 916
25.2 Environmental Fate of Chemicals......Page 918
25.3 Green Chemistry......Page 921
25.4 Pollution Prevention during Process Design......Page 922
25.5 Analysis of a PFD for Pollution Performance and Environmental Performance......Page 925
25.6 An Example of the Economics of Pollution Prevention......Page 926
25.7 Life Cycle Analysis......Page 927
25.8 Summary......Page 928
References......Page 929
Problems......Page 930
SECTION 6 INTERPERSONAL AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS......Page 932
26.1 Groups......Page 934
26.2 Group Evolution......Page 945
26.3 Teams and Teamwork......Page 948
26.4 Misconceptions......Page 951
26.5 Learning in Teams......Page 952
26.6 Other Reading......Page 953
References......Page 955
Problems......Page 956
A.1 Purchased Equipment Costs......Page 958
A.2.2 Pressure Factors for Other Process Equipment......Page 976
A.3.1 Bare Module and Material Factors for Heat Exchangers, Process Vessels, and Pumps......Page 980
A.3.2 Bare Module and Material Factors for the Remaining Process Equipment......Page 984
References......Page 989
Appendix B: Information for the Preliminary Design of Eleven Chemical Processes......Page 990
B.1.1 Process Description......Page 991
B.1.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 995
B.1.4 References......Page 996
B.2.1 Process Description......Page 997
B.2.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 998
B.2.3 Simulation (CHEMCAD) Hints......Page 1004
B.3.1 Process Description......Page 1005
B.3.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 1006
B.4.1 Process Description......Page 1013
B.4.3 Simulation (CHEMCAD) Hints......Page 1015
B.5.1 Process Description......Page 1019
B.5.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 1020
B.5.4 References......Page 1025
B.6.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 1026
B.7.1 Process Description......Page 1035
B.7.3 Simulation (CHEMCAD) Hints......Page 1036
B.8.1 Process Description......Page 1042
B.8.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 1043
B.9 Acrylic Acid Production via the Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Propylene......Page 1050
B.9.1 Process Description......Page 1051
B.9.3 Simulation (CHEMCAD) Hints......Page 1053
B.10 Production of Acetone via the Dehydrogenation of Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA), Unit 1100......Page 1061
B.10.1 Process Description......Page 1062
B.10.4 References......Page 1069
B.11.1 Process Description......Page 1070
B.11.2 Reaction Kinetics......Page 1071
B.11.4 Reference......Page 1079
B......Page 1080
C......Page 1081
D......Page 1084
E......Page 1085
F......Page 1087
H......Page 1088
I......Page 1090
M......Page 1091
N......Page 1092
P......Page 1093
R......Page 1099
S......Page 1101
T......Page 1102
Z......Page 1103
Chapter 0 Outcomes Assessment......Page 1104
0.1 Student Self-Assessment......Page 1106
0.2 Assessment by Faculty......Page 1108
0.3 Summary......Page 1111
Chapter 27 Written and Oral Communication......Page 1112
27.1 Audience Analysis......Page 1113
27.2 Written Communication......Page 1114
27.2.2 Transmittal Letters or Memos......Page 1115
27.2.3 Executive Summaries and Abstracts......Page 1116
27.2.4 Other Types of Written Communication......Page 1117
27.2.5 Exhibits (Figures and Tables)......Page 1118
27.2.7 Strategies for Writing......Page 1119
27.2.8 WVU Guidelines for Written Design Report......Page 1121
27.3 Oral Communication......Page 1129
27.3.2 Briefings......Page 1131
27.3.3 Visual Aids......Page 1132
27.3.4 WVU Oral Presentation Guidelines......Page 1133
27.4 Software and Author Responsibility......Page 1136
27.4.3 Grammar Checkers......Page 1137
27.4.4 Graphs......Page 1138
27.4.6 Colors and Exotic Features......Page 1139
27.5 Summary......Page 1140
Problems......Page 1141
28.1 The Assignment Memorandum......Page 1142
28.2 Response Memorandum......Page 1144
28.3 Visual Aids......Page 1146
28.4 Example Reports......Page 1152
28.4.1 An Example of a Portion of a Student Report......Page 1153
28.4.2 An Example of an Improved Student Report......Page 1156
28.5.1 Common Mistakes for Visual Aids......Page 1168
28.5.2 Common Mistakes for Written Text......Page 1169
Appendix C: Design Projects......Page 1172
C.1.1 Background......Page 1174
C.1.2 Process Description of the Beaumont Allyl Chloride Facility......Page 1175
C.1.3 Specific Objectives of Assignment......Page 1177
C.1.4 Additional Background Information......Page 1180
C.1.5 Process Design Calculations Fluidized Bed Reactor, R-601......Page 1181
C.1.6 Reference......Page 1188
C.2.2 Assignment......Page 1189
C.2.3 Problem-Solving Methodology Process Information......Page 1190
C.3.1 Background......Page 1197
C.3.2 Phthalic Anhydride Production......Page 1198
C.3.4 Assignment......Page 1199
C.3.5 Report Format......Page 1208
C.4.2 Other Information......Page 1209
C.4.4 Report Format......Page 1213
C.5.2 Cumene Production Reactions......Page 1214
C.5.3 Process Description......Page 1215
C.5.4 Recent Problems in Unit 800......Page 1216
C.5.5 Other Information......Page 1217
C.5.8 Process Calculations......Page 1224
C.6.2 Assignment......Page 1229
C.6.3 Report Format......Page 1232
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