An Invitation to Health 2009-2010 Edition

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Brief Contents
......Page 6
Contents......Page 8
SECTION 1 Taking Charge of Your Health......Page 32
CHAPTER 1 Your Invitation to Healthy Change......Page 34
Health and Wellness......Page 35
The Dimensions of Health......Page 36
A National Report Card on Student Health......Page 38
Staying Healthy on Campus......Page 39
Your Strategies for Prevention–Smart Steps to Take Now......Page 41
A Report Card on the Nation's Health......Page 42
Making Healthy Changes......Page 46
Models of Behavioral Change......Page 47
Changing a Bad Health Habit......Page 50
Your Life Change Coach–Going for Your Goals......Page 51
Your Strategies for Change–Is Your Goal S.M.A.R.T.?......Page 52
Learn It/Live It–Making Healthy Changes......Page 53
Self-Survey–Wellness Inventory......Page 54
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 62
CHAPTER 2 Emotional and Spiritual Well-Being......Page 66
Psychological Well-Being......Page 67
Positive Psychology 101......Page 68
Your Strategies for Change–How to Be Happy......Page 70
Point Counterpoint–"Learning" Happiness?......Page 71
Feeling in Control......Page 72
Connecting with Others......Page 73
Spiritual Health......Page 74
Your Life Change Coach–Enriching Your Spiritual Life......Page 75
Sleepless on Campus......Page 78
Your Strategies for Change–How to Sleep Better......Page 79
Savvy Consumer–Straight Talk on Sleeping Pills......Page 82
Self-Survey–Well-Being Scale......Page 83
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 85
CHAPTER 3 Personal Stress Management......Page 88
What Causes Stress?......Page 89
Stress and Physical Health......Page 91
Stress on Campus......Page 93
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Handle Test Stress......Page 95
Men, Women, and Stress......Page 96
Other Personal Stressors......Page 97
Your Strategies for Change–How to Cope with Distress After a Trauma......Page 99
Your Life Change Coach–Coping with Stress......Page 101
Savvy Consumer–Can Stress-Relief Products Help?......Page 103
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Avoid Stress Overload......Page 104
Organizing Your Time......Page 105
Self-Survey–Student Stress Scale......Page 107
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 108
CHAPTER 4 Your Mental Health......Page 112
The Brain: The Last Frontier......Page 113
Understanding Mental Health......Page 115
Point Counterpoint–Behavior Police?......Page 117
Depressive Disorders......Page 118
Savvy Consumer–Weighing the Risks and Benefi ts of Antidepressants......Page 121
Anxiety Disorders......Page 122
Attention Disorders......Page 123
Schizophrenia......Page 124
Suicide......Page 125
Your Life Change Coach–Preventing Suicide......Page 127
Overcoming Problems of the Mind......Page 128
Your Strategies for Prevention–Before Taking a Psychiatric Drug......Page 131
Self-Survey–Recognizing Depression......Page 132
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 133
SECTION 2 Healthy Lifestyles......Page 136
CHAPTER 5 The Joy of Fitness......Page 138
What Is Physical Fitness?......Page 139
The Inactivity Epidemic......Page 141
Physical Activity and Health......Page 142
Your Life Change Coach–Motivating Yourself to Move......Page 145
The Principles of Exercise......Page 146
Improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness......Page 147
Your Strategies for Change–The Right Way to Walk and Run......Page 151
Building Muscular Fitness......Page 152
Point Counterpoint–Sports Doping on Campus......Page 156
Savvy Consumer–What You Should Know About Performance-Boosting Drugs......Page 157
Becoming More Flexible......Page 158
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Avoid Stretching Injuries......Page 160
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Protect Your Back......Page 161
Body Composition......Page 162
Evaluating Fitness Products and Programs......Page 165
Sports Nutrition......Page 166
Safe and Healthy Workouts......Page 168
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Cope with Climate......Page 169
Learn It/Live It–Shaping Up......Page 171
Self-Survey–Are You Ready to Become More Active?......Page 172
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 173
CHAPTER 6 Personal Nutrition......Page 176
What You Need to Know About Nutrients......Page 177
Using the MyPyramid Food Guidance System......Page 188
The Way We Eat......Page 194
Your Strategies for Prevention–A Guide to Fast Foods......Page 196
Your Life Change Coach–Taking Charge of What You Eat......Page 201
Food Safety......Page 204
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Protect Yourself from Food Poisoning......Page 205
Savvy Consumer–Spotting Nutrition Misinformation......Page 206
Self-Survey–How Healthful Is Your Diet?......Page 207
Making This Chaper Work for You......Page 209
CHAPTER 7 Taking Control of Your Weight......Page 212
The Global Epidemic......Page 213
Body Image......Page 215
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Hold the Line on College Weight Gain......Page 217
Your Strategies for Change–How to Boost Your Body Esteem......Page 218
Health Dangers of Excess Weight......Page 219
A Practical Guide to Weight Loss......Page 221
Your Strategies for Change–How to Design a Diet......Page 223
Savvy Consumer–How to Spot a Dubious Diet......Page 225
Maintaining Weight Loss......Page 226
Treating Obesity......Page 227
Unhealthy Eating Behaviors......Page 229
Your Strategies for Prevention–Do You Have an Eating Disorder?......Page 231
Learn It/Live It–Managing Your Weight......Page 234
Self-Survey–Are You Ready to Lose Weight?......Page 235
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 236
SECTION 3 Responsible Sexuality......Page 238
CHAPTER 8 Communicating and Relating......Page 240
Personal Communications......Page 241
Forming Relationships......Page 243
Savvy Consumer–Dos and Don'ts of Online Dating......Page 244
Your Life Change Coach–Building Healthy Relationships......Page 245
Your Strategies for Change–How to Cope with an Unhealthy Relationship......Page 247
Intimate Relationships......Page 249
Living Arrangements......Page 252
Committed Relationships......Page 253
Your Strategies for Prevention–Think Twice About Getting Married If . . .......Page 255
Point Counterpoint–Should Same-Sex Marriages Be Legal?......Page 257
Family Ties......Page 259
Self-Survey–How Strong Are the Communication and Affection in Your Relationship?......Page 261
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 262
CHAPTER 9 Personal Sexuality......Page 266
Becoming Male or Female......Page 267
Women's Sexual Health......Page 269
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Reduce Premenstrual Problems......Page 273
Men's Sexual Health......Page 274
Your Life Change Coach–Making Responsible Sexual Decisions......Page 275
Sexual Behavior......Page 277
Sexual Diversity......Page 280
Sexual Activity......Page 282
Point Counterpoint–Advocating for Abstinence......Page 283
Savvy Consumer–X-Rated Websites......Page 284
Sexual Response......Page 286
Sexual Concerns......Page 288
Sex Therapy......Page 291
Self-Survey–How Much Do You Know About Sex?......Page 293
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 295
CHAPTER 10 Reproductive Choices......Page 298
Conception......Page 299
Your Life Change Coach–Choosing a Birth Control Method......Page 300
Barrier Contraceptives......Page 302
Hormonal Contraceptives......Page 309
Savvy Consumer–How to Evaluate the Risks of Contraceptives......Page 311
Fertility Awareness Methods......Page 314
Emergency Contraception......Page 315
Sterilization......Page 316
Abortion......Page 318
Pregnancy......Page 321
Your Strategies for Prevention–A Mother-to-Be's Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy......Page 322
Childbirth......Page 325
Infertility......Page 326
Self-Survey–Which Contraceptive Method Is Best for You?......Page 328
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 329
SECTION 4 Avoiding Health Risks......Page 332
CHAPTER 11 Avoiding Addictive Behaviors and Drug Abuse......Page 334
Your Strategies for Change–Do You Have a Gambling Problem?......Page 335
Drug Use on Campus......Page 336
Understanding Drugs and Their Effects......Page 338
Your Life Change Coach–Developing Positive Addictions......Page 339
Caffeine and Its Effects......Page 341
Medications......Page 342
Savvy Consumer–How to Avoid Medication Mistakes......Page 343
Prescription Drug Abuse......Page 345
Substance Use Disorders......Page 347
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Say No to Drugs......Page 349
Common Drugs of Abuse......Page 350
Point Counterpoint–Treat or Punish?......Page 363
Learn It/Live It–Choosing an Addiction-Free Lifestyle......Page 365
Self-Survey–Do You Have a Substance Use Disorder?......Page 366
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 367
CHAPTER 12 Alcohol Use, Misuse, and Abuse......Page 370
Drinking in America......Page 371
Drinking on Campus......Page 373
Point Counterpoint–Is Spring Break Broken?......Page 375
Understanding Alcohol......Page 379
Your Strategies for Prevention–What to Do When Someone Is Intoxicated......Page 383
The Impact of Alcohol on the Body......Page 384
Alcohol, Gender, and Race......Page 387
Alcohol Problems......Page 389
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Recognize the Warning Signs of Alcoholism......Page 390
Alcoholism Treatments......Page 392
Alcoholism's Impact on Relationships......Page 394
Self-Survey–Do You Have a Drinking Problem?......Page 396
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 399
CHAPTER 13 Tobacco Use, Misuse, and Abuse......Page 402
Tobacco Use on Campus......Page 403
Smoking, Gender, and Race......Page 407
Tobacco's Immediate Effects......Page 408
Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking......Page 409
Savvy Consumer–Are "Safer" Cigarettes Really Safe?......Page 411
Your Life Change Coach–Quitting......Page 413
Ways to Quit......Page 414
Environmental Tobacco Smoke......Page 417
The Politics of Tobacco......Page 418
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Clear the Air......Page 419
Self-Survey–Are You Addicted to Nicotine?......Page 420
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 422
SECTION 5 Protecting Your Health......Page 424
CHAPTER 14 Preventing Major Diseases......Page 426
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors......Page 427
Your Life Change Coach–Lowering Your Cardiometabolic Risks......Page 430
Diabetes Mellitus......Page 431
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Overcome Metabolic Syndrome......Page 432
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Lower Your Risk of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes......Page 434
Hypertension......Page 435
Your Strategies for Change–How to Lower Your Blood Pressure......Page 437
Savvy Consumer–What You Need to Know About Your Lipoprotein Profile......Page 438
Cardiovascular (Heart) Disease......Page 440
Your Strategies for Change–How to Lower Your C-Reactive Protein Level......Page 443
Crises of the Heart......Page 445
Stroke......Page 447
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Recognize a Stroke......Page 448
Your Strategies for Prevention–Seven Warning Signs of Cancer......Page 449
Point Counterpoint–Would You Want to Know?......Page 452
Your Strategies for Change–Are You Addicted to Tanning?......Page 453
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Save Your Skin......Page 454
Other Major Illnesses......Page 458
Your Strategies for Change–What to Do in Case of an Asthma Attack......Page 459
Learn It/Live It–Preventing Serious Illness......Page 460
Self-Survey–Are You at Risk of Cancer?......Page 461
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 462
CHAPTER 15 Avoiding Infectious Diseases......Page 466
Understanding Infection......Page 467
How Your Body Protects Itself......Page 469
Immunizations for Adults......Page 473
Infectious Diseases......Page 474
Your Life Change Coach–Cold Comfort......Page 475
Your Strategies for Prevention–Smart Hand-Washing......Page 477
Point Counterpoint–Athletes at Risk......Page 480
Savvy Consumer–Before You Get a Tattoo or Piercing......Page 481
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Avoid MRSA......Page 484
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Avoid Insect-Borne Diseases......Page 485
Self-Survey–What's Your Infection IQ?......Page 489
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 490
CHAPTER 16 Lowering Your Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections......Page 494
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Diseases......Page 495
Your Life Change Coach–The ABCs of Safer Sex......Page 497
STIs and Gender......Page 498
STI Risk Factors and Risk Continuums......Page 499
Human Papilloma Virus......Page 500
Herpes Simplex......Page 502
Chlamydia......Page 503
Gonorrhea......Page 505
Syphilis......Page 506
HIV and AIDS......Page 507
Point Counterpoint–Is Spreading an STI a Crime?......Page 509
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Reduce Your Risk for HIV Infection......Page 510
Learn It/Live It–Protecting Your Sexual Health......Page 512
Self-Survey–Assessing Your STI Risk......Page 513
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 515
CHAPTER 17 Getting Quality Traditional and Nontraditional Health Care......Page 518
Your Life Change Coach–Making Quality Health-Care Decisions......Page 519
Health Care and the College Student......Page 520
Self-Care......Page 522
Oral Health......Page 523
Getting Quality Health Care......Page 524
Your Strategies for Change–How to Talk to Your Doctor......Page 526
Your Strategies for Prevention–Inform Yourself......Page 529
Savvy Consumer–Protecting Yourself from Quackery and Health Hoaxes......Page 530
Your Strategies for Prevention–When Is LASIK Not for You?......Page 531
Getting Quality Nontraditional Health Care......Page 532
Your Strategies for Prevention–Before You Try CAM......Page 534
The Health-Care System......Page 536
Learn It/Live It–Taking Charge of Your Health......Page 541
Self-Survey–Are You a Savvy Health-Care Consumer?......Page 542
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 543
SECTION 6 Health in Context......Page 546
CHAPTER 18 Protecting Yourself from Injury, Violence, and Victimization......Page 548
Your Strategies for Prevention–What to Do in an Emergency......Page 549
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Drive Safely......Page 551
Safety at Work......Page 552
Safety at Home......Page 553
Crime and Violence on Campus......Page 554
Point Counterpoint–Guns on Campus......Page 555
Sexual Victimization and Violence......Page 557
Your Life Change Coach–Preventing Date Rape......Page 561
Learn It/Live It–Helping the Victims of Violence......Page 562
Self-Survey–How Safe Is Your School?......Page 563
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 565
CHAPTER 19 Working Toward a Healthy Environment......Page 568
The Impact of Pollution......Page 569
The Air You Breathe......Page 571
The Water You Drink......Page 572
Your Life Change Coach–Going Green......Page 573
Your Hearing Health......Page 576
Your Strategies for Prevention–How to Protect Your Ears......Page 578
Chemical Risks......Page 579
Invisible Threats......Page 580
Savvy Consumer–Are Cell Phones Safe?......Page 582
Learn It/Live It–Taking Care of Mother Earth......Page 583
Self-Survey–Are You Doing Your Part for the Planet?......Page 584
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 585
CHAPTER 20 A Lifetime of Health......Page 588
The Aging of America......Page 589
Successful Aging......Page 590
Your Life Change Coach–Staying Healthy Longer......Page 591
Savvy Consumer–Alternative Treatments for Menopause Symptoms......Page 594
The Challenges of Age......Page 596
Preparing for Medical Crises and the End of Life......Page 598
Point Counterpoint–The Right to Die......Page 602
Death and Dying......Page 603
How We Die......Page 605
Suicide......Page 607
Grief......Page 608
Your Strategies for Change–How to Cope with Grief......Page 609
Self-Survey–What Is Your Aging I.Q.?......Page 610
Making This Chapter Work for You......Page 612
Answers to Review Questions......Page 614
Hales Health Almanac......Page 616
Glossary......Page 640
References......Page 656
Index......Page 668