An Introduction to the Voluntary Sector

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Contributors......Page 7
THE RESURGENCE OF VOLUNTARY ACTION......Page 10
THE GROWTH OF VOLUNTARY SECTOR STUDIES......Page 11
THE CONTENTS......Page 12
CONCLUSION......Page 15
REFERENCES......Page 16
INTRODUCTION......Page 18
The ‘origins’ of philanthropy......Page 19
The rise of the voluntary association......Page 21
The golden age of voluntary organisations......Page 23
Voluntary action and class......Page 25
Voluntary action as social control......Page 26
Voluntary action and the state......Page 28
The origins of mutual aid......Page 36
The friendly societies and Victorian self-help......Page 38
The state and mutual aid......Page 40
CONCLUSION: TOWARDS 1945......Page 43
REFERENCES......Page 44
VOLUNTARISM IN SEARCH OF A ROLE......Page 48
Completion of the welfare state......Page 50
Beveridge rides again......Page 52
Conservatives in power......Page 54
Planning revisited......Page 55
THE FORWARD MARCH OF STATE WELFARE DIVERTED?......Page 56
Aves and after......Page 58
CHARTING A THIRD WAY......Page 62
A new conservatism in action......Page 64
The local state strikes back......Page 65
A new agenda?......Page 66
Implementing a new partnership......Page 68
The voluntary sector goes to market......Page 69
CONCLUSION......Page 70
REFERENCES......Page 71
INTRODUCTION......Page 74
Societal functions of voluntary organisations......Page 75
Types of voluntary organisation distinguished by resourcing and control......Page 76
Values, norms and motivations......Page 79
INDUSTRIES AND FIELDS OF ACTIVITY......Page 82
DEFINING THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR......Page 92
Independent of government and self-governing......Page 93
Not profit-distributing and primarily non-business......Page 94
CONCLUSION......Page 95
NOTES......Page 98
REFERENCES......Page 99
THE LOCAL VOLUNTARY SECTOR......Page 104
THE NATIONAL VOLUNTARY SECTOR......Page 109
A CLOSER LOOK AT THE NOTION OF INTERMEDIARY BODIES......Page 111
IN DEFENCE OF INTERMEDIARY BODIES......Page 113
NON-DEPARTMENTAL BODIES......Page 115
THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR—REPRESENTATIVE OF THE POPULATION?......Page 116
UNDERSTANDING THE FUNDAMENTAL TENSION IN THE VOLUNTARY SECTOR......Page 117
REFERENCES......Page 119
5 From lady bountiful to active citizen......Page 122
REFERENCES......Page 134
INTRODUCTION......Page 136
WHY DOES EUROPE MATTER?......Page 137
Definition......Page 140
Law, structure and status, and the non-distribution constraint......Page 141
Identities......Page 144
Independence and politics......Page 145
REGULATION, SUBSIDY AND PURCHASING: RELATIONS WITH STATES......Page 147
TOWARD CONVERGENCE? THE EC AS POLICY MAKER......Page 148
NOTES......Page 149
REFERENCES......Page 150
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 153
Western Europe generally......Page 154
Germany......Page 158
Greece......Page 160
Spain......Page 161
Finland......Page 162
Central and Eastern Europe generally......Page 163
Poland......Page 164
Russia......Page 165
Lithuania......Page 166
THE POLICY CONTEXT......Page 168
Reducing resources......Page 169
Increases in funds—and conditions......Page 170
SOURCES OF FUNDING AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS......Page 171
Problems of definition......Page 173
Constraints on income from fees and charges......Page 174
Income from fees and charges: issues and implications......Page 175
TRADING......Page 176
CONTRACTING WITH LOCAL AUTHORITIES......Page 177
Implications of contracting for voluntary organisations......Page 178
FUNDING FROM THE CORPORATE SECTOR......Page 185
INVESTMENT INCOME......Page 188
FUNDRAISING FROM THE GENERAL PUBLIC......Page 189
FUNDING FROM CHARITABLE TRUSTS AND FOUNDATIONS......Page 192
CONCLUSION......Page 193
REFERENCES......Page 196
INTRODUCTION......Page 202
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ACCOUNTABILITY......Page 203
Different areas over which accountability is exercised......Page 204
PROBLEMS OF INTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY......Page 205
EXTERNAL DEMANDS FOR ACCOUNTABILITY......Page 208
PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY AND THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK......Page 213
CONCLUSION......Page 216
REFERENCES......Page 217
INTRODUCTION—WHAT IS GOVERNANCE?......Page 220
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES......Page 221
COMPETENCIES AND SKILLS......Page 223
CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTIVATION......Page 224
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING THE TRUSTEES' ROLE......Page 225
DEALING WITH CRISES......Page 228
THE BOARD-STAFF RELATIONSHIP......Page 230
CONCLUSION......Page 232
REFERENCES......Page 234
10 Management and organisation......Page 236
Perspectives and theories......Page 237
Dissemination and development......Page 240
Management competences, roles and values......Page 243
Human resource management......Page 245
Resource acquisition, marketing and trading......Page 248
Organisational structures and strategic management......Page 250
REFLECTION......Page 254
REFERENCES......Page 255
Select bibliography......Page 260
Index......Page 264