An Introduction to Passive Radar,

An Introduction to Passive Radar, Second Edition
	Contents
	Foreword
	Preface
	Chapter 1
Introduction
		1.1 Terminology
		1.2 History
		1.3 Approach and Scope
		References
	Chapter 2 Principles of Passive
Radar
		2.1 Introduction
		2.2 Bistatic and Multistatic Geometry
			2.2.1 Coverage
			2.2.2 Direct Signal Suppression
		2.3 Bistatic Range and Doppler
			2.3.1 Range Measurement
			2.3.2 Range Resolution
			2.3.3 Doppler Measurement
			2.3.4 Doppler Resolution
		2.4 Multistatic Passive Radar Range and Doppler
		2.5 Multistatic Target Location
		2.6 The Bistatic Radar Range Equation
		2.7 Bistatic Target and Clutter Signatures
		2.8 Summary
		References
	Chapter 3
Properties of Illuminators
		3.1 Ambiguity Functions
			3.1.1 The Ambiguity Function in Bistatic Radar
			3.1.2 Bandwidth Extension with FM Radio Signals
		3.2 Digital versus Analog
			3.2.1 Analog Television Signals
			3.2.2 Mismatched Filtering
		3.3 Digitally Coded Waveforms
			3.3.1 OFDM
			3.3.2 GSM
			3.3.3 Long Term Evolution (LTE)
			3.3.4 Terrestrial Digital Television (DVB-T)
			3.3.5 5G
			3.3.6 Wi-Fi and WiMAX
			3.3.7 Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM)
		3.4 Vertical-Plane Coverage
		3.5 Satellite-Borne Illuminators
			3.5.1 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
			3.5.2 Satellite TV
			3.5.3 INMARSAT
			3.5.4 IRIDIUM
			3.5.5 STARLINK
			3.5.6 LEO Radar Remote-Sensing Satellites
		3.6 Radar Illuminators
		3.7 Summary
		References
	Chapter 4 Passive Radar and Single-Frequency Networks
		4.1 SFNs
		4.2 SFN Structures
		4.3 SFN Passive Radar
			4.3.1 SFN Direct Signal Interference Removal
			4.3.2 Target Ambiguity Removal
		4.4 Summary
		References
	Chapter 5 Direct Signal Suppression
		5.1 Introduction
		5.2 DSI Power Levels
		5.3 Direct Signal Suppression
		5.4 Summary
		References
	Chapter 6 Passive Radar Performance Prediction
		6.1 Introduction
		6.2 Detection Performance Prediction Parameters
		6.3 Detection Performance Prediction
		6.4 Comparing Predicted and Experimental Detection
Performance
		6.5 Target Location
		6.6 Advanced Passive Radar Performance Prediction
		6.7 Summary
		References
	Chapter 7
Detection and Tracking
		7.1 Introduction
		7.2 CFAR Detection
		7.3 Target Location Estimation
			7.3.1 Iso-Range Ellipses
			7.3.2 Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)
			7.3.3 Range-Doppler Plots
		7.4 Track Filtering
			7.4.1 The Kalman Filter
			7.4.2 Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) Tracking
			7.4.3 Multireceiver Passive Tracking
		7.5 Summary
		References
	Chapter 8 Passive Radar from Moving Platforms
		8.1 Introduction
		8.2 Moving Target Detection
			8.2.1 Cochannel Interference
			8.2.2 Suppression of Clutter
			8.2.3 Multichannel Calibration
		8.3 Passive Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
			8.3.1 Configurations and Resolution
			8.3.2 Motion Compensation
			8.3.3 Properties of Bistatic SAR Images
			8.3.4 Passive SAR Imaging Using Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcast TV Transmissions
		8.4 Multistatic Imaging Using Satellite Navigation
Illuminators
		8.5 Summary
		References
	Chapter 9 Examples of
Systems and Results
		9.1 Introduction
		9.2 Analog TV
		9.3 FM Radio
			9.3.1 Silent Sentry
			9.3.2 The Manastash Ridge Radar (MRR)
			9.3.3 More Recent Experiments Using FM Radio Illuminators
			9.3.4 Monitoring of Square Kilometer Array (SKA) Airspace
			9.3.5 Summary
		9.4 Cell Phone Base Stations
		9.5 DVB-T and DAB
		9.6 Passive Radar from Moving Platforms
		9.7 HF Skywave Transmissions
		9.8 Indoor/Wi-Fi
		9.9 Satellite-Borne Illuminators
			9.9.1 Early Experiments Using GPS and Forward Scatter
			9.9.2 Geostationary Satellites
			9.9.3 Bistatic SAR
			9.9.4 Bistatic ISAR
			9.9.5 Summary
		9.10 Low-Cost Scientific Remote Sensing
			9.10.1 Ocean Scatterometry Using GNSS Signals
			9.10.2 Terrestrial Bistatic Weather Radar
			9.10.3 Planetary Radar Remote Sensing
		9.11 Summary
		References
	Chapter 10
Future Developments and Applications
		10.1 Introduction
		10.2 The Spectrum Problem and
Commensal Radar
			10.2.1 The Spectrum Problem
			10.2.2 Commensal Radar
		10.3 Passive Radar in Air Traffic Management
		10.4 Target Recognition and Passive Radar
		10.5 Countermeasures Against Passive Radar
			10.5.1 Countermeasures
			10.5.2 Bistatic Denial
		10.6 Eldercare and Assisted Living
		10.7 Low-Cost Passive Radar
		10.8 Low-Cost Remote Sensing
		10.9 The Intelligent Adaptive Radar Network
		10.10 Conclusions
		References
	Bibliography
	About the Authors
	Index