An Introduction to Electronic Warfare from the First Jamming to Machine Learning Techniques (River Publishers Series in Signal, Image and Speech Processing)

Front Cover
An Introduction to Electronic Warfare; from the First Jamming to Machine Learning Techniques
Contents
Preface
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction: From the First Jamming to the Battle of Beams
	1.1 The First Jamming
	1.2 Radio for Navigation and Battle of the Beams
	1.3 The Scope of this Book
	References
2 Radar Fundamentals and Their Early Development
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 The Difficulty of Estimating Distance
	2.3 Bat and Radar
	2.4 The Early Development of Radar
	2.5 Principle of Radars and the Radar Equation
	2.6 Requirement of High Frequency Source
	2.7 Requirement of Very Short Pulse
	2.8 High Power Microwave Source: Cavity Magnetron
	2.9 A Diversion: From Radar to Microwave Oven
	2.10 A Basic Radar System
	2.11 Frequency Modulation Radar
	2.12 Searching Radar
	2.13 Conical Scan Radar
	2.14 Monopulse Radar
	2.15 Doppler Radar
	2.16 Continuous-wave Radar
	2.17 Moving Target Indicator
	2.18 Look-down/Shoot-down Radar
	2.19 Weapon Guidance Signal
	2.20 Radar Modes
	2.21 Conclusion
	References
3 Overall View of Electronic Warfare
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Second Layer Operations: The Radar Signal Intercepts Performed on the Aircraft
	3.3 Second Layer of Operations: Signal Classification and Identification Performed at the Aircraft
	3.4 Third Layer of Operation: Electronic Countermeasures (ECM)
	3.5 Third Layer of Operation: Aircraft Tracked by a Radar Can Send a Missile to Destroy the Radar
	3.6 General Discussion on Second and Third Layer Operation
	3.7 Electronic Warfare Aircraft
	3.8 Fourth Layer of Electronic Warfare Operation: Radar Counter-Countermeasure
	3.9 An Electronic Warfare Case Study: Black Cat Squadron
	3.10 Conclusion
	References
4 Intercept Receivers and Electronic Warfare Processors
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Intercept Receiver Requirements
	4.3 Parameters Measured by Intercept Receivers
	4.4 Crystal Radio Receiver
	4.5 Electronic Warfare Crystal Video Receivers
	4.6 Superheterodyne (Superhet) Receivers
	4.7 Channelized Receivers
	4.8 Some Common Problems of Intercept Receivers
	4.9 Human Electronic Warfare Processor and “SAM-Song”
	4.10 Goals of an Electronic Warfare Processor
	4.11 Signal Sorting
	4.12 Pattern Recognition of Radar Pulses
	4.13 Table Looking to Identify the Type of Radar
	4.14 Trackers in Electronic Warfare Processor
	4.15 Revisit a Signal Being Jammed
	4.16 Prediction of Pulse Arrival Time
	4.17 Calculate Radar Crystal Frequency
	4.18 Performance Evaluation of Electronic Warfare Processors
	4.19 Summary
	References
5 Jamming and Counter-Countermeasures
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Traveling Wave Tube (TWT)
	5.3 Noise Jamming
	5.4 Advantages/Disadvantages of Noise Jamming and Burning Through Techniques
	5.5 Deceptive Jamming and Cover Pulse Operation
	5.6 Range and Velocity Deception: Range Gate Pull-off and Velocity Gate Pull-off
	5.7 Electronic Counter-Countermeasure: Frequency Agile and Pulse Agile Radars
	5.8 Angle Deception: Sidelobe Jammer and Sidelobe Cancelation Scheme
	5.9 Angle Deception: Inverse Gain Jamming
	5.10 Angle Deception: Cross-eye Jamming
	5.11 Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM)
	5.12 Electronic Warfare Aircraft
	5.13 Dangers of Jamming
	5.14 Battle Examples: EW in the Yom Kippur War and the 1982 Lebanon War
	5.15 Conclusions
	References
6 Missile Detection Schemes and Defense
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Basic Concept of Infrared Receivers
	6.3 False Alarm Problems and Other Issues of the IR-Based Missile Approach Warning System
	6.4 Tail Warning Radar
	6.5 Proximity Fuze and Jamming
	6.6 Missile Guidance Systems
	6.7 Jamming Infrared Tracking System
	6.8 Conclusion
	References
7 Chaff, Flare, and Decoys
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Chaff and its Countermeasures
	7.3 Battle Example: Bombing of Hamburg on July 24, 1943
	7.4 Flare and its Countermeasures
	7.5 Decoy
	7.6 Conclusion
	References
8 Stealth Aircraft
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Stealth Technologies
	8.3 Passive Radar for Stealth Aircraft?
	8.4 Battle Example: 1999 F-117A Shootdown
	8.5 Conclusion
	References
9 Low Probability of Intercept Radar
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Review of Radar Concepts
	9.3 Overview of LPI Radar Technologies
	9.4 LPI Radar Example 1: Phase Coded Radar
	9.5 LPI Radar Example 2: FMCW Radar
	9.6 Countermeasures of LPI Radars
	9.7 Conclusion
	References
10 Machine Learning and its Potential in Electronic Warfare
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Machine Learning for Signal Classification
	10.3 Machine Learning for Predicting a Multifunction Radar’s Next Signal
	10.4 Reinforcement Learning for EW Actions
	10.5 Possible Issues of Applying Machine Learning for EW
	10.6 Conclusion
	References
11 Conclusion
Index
About the Authors
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