Aircraft maintenance and repair

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Authors
Contents
Preface to the Seventh Edition
Preface to the Sixth Edition
1. Hazardous Materials and Safety Practices
	Hazardous Materials
		Chemical Agents
		Flammables (and Combustibles)
		Generally Recommended Personal Safety Equipment
		Handling and Storage
		Typical Emergency Procedures
		Corrosives
		Generally Recommended Personal Safety Equipment
		Handling and Storage
		Typical Emergency Procedures
		Toxins
		Generally Recommended Personal Safety Equipment
		Handling and Storage
		Typical Emergency Procedures
		Reactives
		Generally Recommended Personal Safety Equipment
		Handling and Storage
		Typical Emergency Procedures
		Material Compatibility with Chemical Agents
		Physical Hazards
		Biological Hazards
	Osha’s Hazardous Communications Standards
		Material Safety Data Sheets
		Inventory
		Labeling
	Disposal and Accidental Releases of Hazardous Materials
	Review Questions
2. Aircraft Structures
	Aircraft Structural Design
		Load Factors and Airplane Design
		Aircraft Loads
		The V-N Diagram
	Principal Aircraft Structures
	Aircraft Station Numbers
		Fuselage Stations
		Wing Stations
		Water Line
		Butt Line
		Component Stations
		Summary
	Zoning
		Major Subzones
	Nomenclature and Definitions
	Fuselages
		Types of Fuselages
		General Construction of Fuselages
		Transport Aircraft Fuselages
		Bonded Fuselages
		Composite Construction
		Fuselage Components
	Cockpits, Cabins, and Compartments
		Cockpit, or Pilot’s Compartment
		Passenger Compartments
		Requirements for Doors and Exits
		Doors and Windows
		Cargo Compartments
	Wings
		Basic Features of Wing Construction
		Wood Wing Construction
		Transport Aircraft Wings
	Tail and Control Surfaces
		Horizontal Stabilizer
		Vertical Stabilizers
		Control Surfaces
	Landing Gear
		Types of Landing Gear
	Powerplant Structures
		Nacelles
		Firewalls
		Engine Mounts
		Cowling and Fairings
	Rotorcraft Structures
		Fuselage
		Landing Gear
	Review Questions
3. Fabrication and Repair of Wood Structures
	Aircraft Woods
		Softwoods
		Hardwoods
		Terminology for Woods
		Evaluating Wood for Aircraft Use
		Wood Substitutions
		Plywood
		Laminated Wood
	Adhesives and Bonding Procedures
		Types of Adhesives
		Mixing Adhesives
		Surface Preparation for Adhesive Bonding
		Adhesive Bonding Procedures
		Bonding Pressure
		Bonding Temperature
	Construction and Repair of Wood Structures
		Nomenclature for Wooden Aircraft
		Bending and Forming Wood
		Wing Spar Construction
		Spar Repairs
		Rib Construction
		Leading- and Trailing-Edge Strips
		Wing-Tip Bow Construction and Repair
		Installation of Plywood Skin
		Repair of Damaged Plywood Structures
		Fiber Insert Nut Plates
		Skis
		Finishing Repaired Wood Surfaces
	Care of Aircraft with Wood Structures
		Control of Moisture
		Effects of Temperature
		Operation and Handling
	Inspection of Airplanes Having Wood Structures
		Defects in Wood Structures
		Inspection Procedures
	Review Questions
4. Fabric Coverings
	Fabric Types and Terminology
		Nomenclature for Fabrics
		Organic Fabrics
		Inorganic Fabrics
		Surface Tape
		Reinforcing Tape
		Sewing Threads and Lacing Cords
		Grommets
		Inspection Rings
		Special Fasteners
		Miscellaneous Materials
	Dopes and Finishing Materials
		Nitrate and Butyrate Dopes
		Fungicidal Additives
		Aluminum Powders and Pastes
		Rejuvenators
		Special Finishing Products
		Solvents and Thinners
		Retarders
	Facilities and Equipment for Aircraft Covering
		The Fabric Shop
		Tools and Equipment for Covering
	Selection of Fabric Covering Material
		Minimum Fabric Requirements
		STCs and Other Approvals
	Application of Fabric Covers for Aircraft
		Preparing the Structure
		Fabric Seams
		Covering Methods
		Installation of Fabric
		Rib Lacing and Other Attachment Methods
		Application of Surface Tape
		Finishing Process
	Fabric Inspection
		Causes of Deterioration
		Testing Methods
		Required Tensile Strength
	Repair of Fabric Coverings
		Tears in Fabric
		Doped Repairs
		Sewn-in Patch
		Doped-on Panel Repair
		Sewn-in Panel Repair
		Fabric Rejuvenation
	Review Questions
5. Aircraft Painting and Markings
	Aircraft Finishing Materials
		Paint Systems
		Wet Film Properties
		Paint System Components
		Types of Finishes
		Thinners and Reducers
		Additives
	Spray-Paint Equipment
		Spray Booth and Exhaust Systems
		Compressed-Air Systems
		Spray Equipment Classification
		Spray Guns
		Using a Spray Gun
	Finishing Metal Aircraft and Parts
		Paint Removal
		Sanding
		Corrosion Protection
		Surface Preparation
		Application of Primers
		Topcoat Finishes
		Identification of Finish Coatings
		Touching Up Finishes
		Masking and Decorative Trim
		Rubbing Compounds
		Common Painting Problems
	Registration Marks for Aircraft
		Required Markings
		Location of Marks for Fixed-Wing Aircraft
		Location of Marks for Non-Fixed-Wing Aircraft
		Sizes of Nationality and Registration Marks
		Laying Out Letters and Numbers
	Review Questions
6. Welding Equipment and Techniques
	Fundamentals of Welding
		Types of Welding
		Identification of Metals
		Types of Weld Joints
		Welding Characteristics and Nomenclature
	Oxyacetylene Welding
		Oxyacetylene Welding Equipment
		Setting Up Oxyacetylene Welding Equipment
		Shutting Down the Welding Apparatus
		Preparation of the Metal
	Gas Welding Techniques
		Holding the Torch
		Forming the Puddle and Adding Filler Material
		Torch Motions
		Forehand Welding
		Backhand Welding
		Welding Positions
		Weld Quality
		Gas Welding Aluminum, Magnesium, and Titanium
	Electric-Arc Welding
		The Welding Circuit
		Welding Arc
		Electrode, or Rod
	Inert-Gas Welding
		Types of Inert-Gas Welding
		Advantages of Inert-Gas Welding
		Inert-Gas Welding Joint Design
		Weld Backup
		Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding (GTAW)
		Gas Metal-Arc (MIG) Welding (GMAW)
		Plasma-Arc Welding (PAW)
	Conclusion
	Review Questions
7. Welded Aircraft Structures and Repair
	Construction of Steel-Tube Assemblies by Welding
		Types of Steel Tubing
		Joint Designs
		Alignment Fixtures
		Welding Procedure
		Attachment of Welded Fittings
		Corrosion Protection
		Finishing of Welded Structures
	Inspection of Steel-Tube Structures
		Visual Inspection
	Aircraft Tubing Repair
		Procedures for Weld Repairs
		Controlling Distortion
		Devices for Holding Tubular Structures in Alignment
		Repairs to Fittings
		Repairing Bends and Dents
		Surface Patches
		Major Welded Repairs
		Rosette Welds
		Inner-Sleeve Repairs
		Splicing Using Larger-Diameter Replacement Tubes
		Outside-Sleeve Repairs
		Replacement of a Cluster at a Station
		Repair at Built-in Fuselage Fittings
		Repair of Streamline Tubing
		Repair of Engine Mounts
		Wing- and Tail-Surface Repairs
		Welded Repair of Fabric-Covered Steel Fuselage
	Special Welding Repairs
		Steel Parts That Must Not Be Welded
		Repairable Axle Assemblies
		Repair of Engine Exhaust Units
		Repair of Fuel and Oil Tanks
		Cowlings
	Soldering and Brazing
		Sweat Soldering
		Flux
		Soft Soldering
		Hard Soldering (Brazing)
		Special Soldering Applications
	Review Questions
8. Sheet-Metal Construction
	Design Philosophies
		Safe-Life Design
		Fail-Safe Design
		Damage-Tolerant Design
		Application of Safety Factors
		Margin of Safety
	Factors Affecting Sheet-Metal Part and Joint Design
		Stresses
		Strain
		Fatigue
		Cracks and Scratches
		Stress Risers
		Hole Generation
		Relief Holes
		Stress Corrosion
		Load Transfer Through Structural Fasteners
	Fundamental Calculations for Structures
		Loads Applied in Structural Fastener Joints
	Bending Metals
		Minimum Bend Radius
		Characteristics of a Bend
		Bend Nomenclature
		Bend Allowance
		Flat Layout: Leg Length
		Bend-Allowance Calculations
		Flat-Pattern Layout
		Bend-Allowance Tables
	Preparation for Layout Work
		Working Surface
		Layout Process
		Planning the Work
		Reference Edges and Reference Lines
		Care of Material During Layout
	Hand Tools for Sheet-Metal Work
		Hammers
		Hand Nibbling Tool
		Hole Saws
		Chassis Punch
		Hand Rivet Set
		Rivet Gun and Set
		Bucking Bars
		Sheet Fasteners
		Hole Finder
		Rivet Cutter
	Floor and Bench Machinery for Sheet-Metal Work
		Squaring Shears
		Gap-Squaring Shears
		Slitting Shears
		Throatless Shears
		Rotary Slitting Shears
		Scroll Shear
		Unishears
		Nibbling Machine (Nibbler)
		Rotary Punch
		Folding Machines
		Cornice Brake
		Box and Pan Brake
		Forming Roll
		Turning Machine
		Beading Machines
		Crimping Machine
		Combination Rotary Machine
		Metal-Cutting Band Saw
		Stakes
		Drill Press
		Other Power Tools
	Fabrication of Sheet-Metal Parts
		Templates
		Cutting Sheet Metal
		Bending the Part
		Bending Sheet Metal
		Joggle
		Curved Flanges
		Metal Bumping
	Riveting
		Drilling Holes for Fasteners
		Determining Fastener Hole Size and Drill Size
		Installing Rivets
		Shaved Rivets
		Removing Rivets
	Review Questions
9. Sheet-Metal Inspection and Repair
	Sheet-Metal Inspection
		Nondestructive Testing
	Sheet-Metal Repair
		Fundamentals of Rivet Repair Design
		Types of Damage
		Repair-Material Selection and Interchangeability
		General Design Guidelines
		General Design Assumptions
		Repair Layout Techniques
	Repair Practices
		Repair Design Using Mechanical Properties
		Using Repair Design Tables
		Load Transmission: Multirow Rivet Patterns
		Stacked Doublers
		Loads Applied to Multiple Planes in Shear
		Determining Design Loads
	Rivet-Repair Design
		Splicing of Sheets
		Repairs for Small Holes
		Replacement of Skin Panels
		Repairs of Sheet-Metal Ribs
		Stringer and Flange Splices
		Repairing Cracked Structures
		Structural Repair Manual Repairs
		Chem-Milled Skin Repair
		Special Repairs
	Review Questions
10. Plastics
	Fundamentals of Plastic Materials
		Characteristics of Plastics
		Types of Clear Plastics
		Storage and Protection
	Working with Plastic Materials
		Cutting Plastics
		Drilling Plastics
		Forming Plastics
		Bonding of Plastics
		Annealing Plastics
	Installation, Maintenance, and Repair of Plastic Materials
		Cleaning Plastics
		Installation of Plastic Windows and Windshields
		Inspection of Plastic Components
		Repair of Cracks
		Repair of Holes
	Review Questions
11. Advanced Composite Materials
	Laminated Structures
	Major Components of a Laminate
	Strength Characteristics
		Fiber Orientation
		Warp Clock
		Symmetry and Balance
		Types of Fiber
		Fiber Forms
		Nonwoven (Knitted or Stitched)
		Matrix Materials
		Adhesives
	Description of Sandwich Structures
		Properties
		Description of Laminated Structures
		Manufacturing and In-Service Damage
		Nondestructive Inspection of Composites
		Visual Inspection
		Audible Sonic Testing (Coin Tapping)
		Ultrasonic Inspection
		Radiography
		Thermography
		Damage Assessment
		Damage Categories
		Composite Repairs
		Vacuum Bag Materials
		Vacuum Equipment
		Vacuum Bagging Techniques
		Bleeding Techniques
		Alternate Pressure Application
		Bonding Processes
		Mixing Resins
		Impregnation Techniques
		Curing of Composite Materials
		Curing Equipment
		Composite Repair
		Composite Honeycomb Sandwich Repairs
		Minor Core Damage (Filler and Potting Repairs)
		Bonded Scarf Repair Example of Honeycomb Sandwich Panel
		Repair of Honeycomb Ramp Corner
		Repair of Sandwich Structures with Foam Core
		Solid Laminates
		Composite Patch Bonded to Metal Structures
		Bolted Repairs
		Fasteners Used with Composite Laminates
		Fastener Materials
		Drilling
		Drill Types
		Countersinking
		Repair Safety
		Fire Protection
	Review Questions
12. Assembly and Rigging
	Aircraft Assembly
		Assembly Procedures
	Aircraft Rigging
		Leveling the Aircraft
	Fixed-Surface Alignment
		Symmetry Check
		Effects of Rigging on Flight
		Checking and Adjusting Dihedral
		Checking and Adjusting Incidence
		Biplane Wing and Fuselage Alignment
	Aircraft Flight Controls
		Ailerons
		Rudder
		Elevators
		Combination Control Surfaces
	Secondary Flight-Control Surfaces
		Tabs
		Flaps
		Leading-Edge Flaps and Slats
		Spoilers and Speed Brakes
	Control-System Components
		Typical Control System for a Large Aircraft
		PFCS Modes of Operation
		Pitch Control
		Roll Control
	Control Surface Rigging
	Balancing Control Surfaces
	Inspection and Maintenance
	Helicopter Flight Controls
		Rotor Systems
		Main Rotor Systems
		Tail Rotor
		Rigging of Helicopters
		Helicopter Vibrations
		Tracking and Balancing the Main Rotor
	Review Questions
13. Aircraft Fluid Power Systems
	Principles of Hydraulics
		Hydraulic Terms
		Relationship of Terms
		Performing Work with a Liquid
		A Simple Hydraulic System
	Hydraulic Fluids
		Purposes of Hydraulic Fluids
		Types of Hydraulic Fluid
		Handling Hydraulic Fluids
	Hydraulic Reservoirs
		In-Line Reservoirs
		Integral Reservoirs
		Reservoir for a Helicopter
	Hydraulic Filters
		Heat Exchangers
	Hydraulic Pumps
		Hand Pumps
		Gear-Type Pump
		Vane-Type Pump
		Gerotor Pump
		Multiple-Piston Pump
		In-Line Variable Delivery Pump
		Depressurized Mode
		Ram Air Turbines
	Pressure-Control Devices
		Pressure Switches
		Pressure Regulators
		Relief Valve
		Thermal Relief Valves
	Pressure-Reducing Valves
	Accumulators
		Diaphragm-Type Accumulator
		Bladder-Type Accumulator
		Piston-Type Accumulator
		Servicing Accumulators
		Removal and Installation of Accumulators
	Selector Valves
		Rotary Valve
		Poppet Valve
		Spool or Piston Selector Valves
		Open-Center-System Selector Valve
		Electrohydraulic Servo Control Valve
	Automatic-Operating Control Valves
		Orifice or Restrictor Valves
		Check Valves
		Orifice Check Valve
		Metering Check Valve
		Hydraulic Fuse
		Sequence Valve
		Shuttle Valve
		Priority Valve
		Flow Equalizers
	Hydraulic Actuators
		Actuating Cylinders
		Internal-Lock-Type Actuator
		Servo Actuators
		Hydraulic Motors
	Hydraulic Plumbing Components
		Seals and Packings
	Hydraulic Systems for Aircraft
		Open Systems
		Closed Systems
		Light-Aircraft Hydraulic Systems
	Hydraulic System for the Boeing 777 Airliner
		Left and Right Hydraulic Power System
		Hydraulic Reservoir
		Modular Unit
		Heat Exchanger
		Accumulator
		Valves
		Center Hydraulic System
		Pumps
		Center Hydraulic Isolation System
		Nose Gear Isolation Valve
		Ram Air Turbine
	Hydraulic System for the Airbus 380
		Backup Hydraulic Power
		Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
		Electric Backup Hydraulic Actuator
		Local Electrohydraulic Generation System
		Auxiliary Hydraulic Power Generation
		Ground Service Panel
	Hydraulic System for the Bell 214ST Helicopter
		PC1 and PC2 Hydraulic Systems
	Pneumatic Systems for Aircraft
		Pneumatic-System Description
		Air-Pressure Sources
		Storage Bottle
		Moisture Control
		Filters
		Pressure-Control Valves
		Flow-Control Valves
		Miscellaneous System Components
		Pneumatic Manifold
		Primary Pressure Gauge
		Ground Charging Valve
		Safety-Disk Fitting
	Summary of Hydraulic System Maintenance Practices
		Service
		Flushing a Hydraulic System
		Inspections
		Troubleshooting and Maintenance Practices
	Review Questions
14. Aircraft Landing-Gear Systems
	Landing-Gear Configurations
	Classification of Landing Gear
		Nonabsorbing Landing Gear
		Shock-Absorbing Landing Gear
		Fixed Gear
		Retractable Gear
		Hulls and Floats
	Landing-Gear Components
		Trunnion
		Struts
		Torque Links
		Truck
		Drag Link
		Side Brace Link
		Overcenter Link
		Swivel Gland
		Shimmy Dampers
		Damper Inspections
	Steering Systems
		Mechanical Steering Systems
		Tail Wheel
		Power Steering Systems
	Retraction Systems
		Mechanical System
		Electrical Retraction System
		Hydraulic Retraction System
		Emergency Landing Gear Extension Systems
		Landing-Gear Operation
		Landing-Gear-Position Indicator Systems
	Transport Aircraft Landing-Gear Systems
		Corporate Jets and Dual-Wheeled Transports
		General Description of B777 Landing-Gear System
		Main Landing-Gear Retraction
		Main Landing-Gear Retraction
		Alternate Landing-Gear Extension
		Landing-Gear-Position Indication and Warning System
		Helicopter Landing Gear
	Inspection and Maintenance of Landing Gear
		Fixed-Gear Inspection
		Inspection of Retractable Landing Gear
		Alignment of Main-Gear Wheels
		Inspection and Repair of Floats and Skis
	Tires and Wheels
		Aircraft Tire Operation Characteristics
		Aircraft Tire Nomenclature
		Tire Structure
		Tire Storage
		Tubes
		Aircraft Wheel Construction
		Demounting and Mounting Tires
		Tire and Wheel Inspection
		Wheel Installation
	Design and Operation of Brake Assemblies
		Internal Expanding-Shoe Brakes
		Expander-Tube Brakes
		Single-Disk Brakes
		Multiple-Disk Brakes
		Segmented Rotor-Disk Brakes
		Carbon Composite Brakes
		Braking Heat Energy
	Aircraft Brake Systems
		Independent Brake Systems
		Power Boost Systems
		Power Brake System
		Debooster Valve
		Multiple Power Brake-Actuating System
		Antiskid System
		Principle of Operation
		Autobrake System
		Brake System Operation
	Brake Maintenance
		Inspection of Brakes
		Bleeding of Brakes
	Review Questions
15. Aircraft Fuel Systems
	Requirements for Fuel Systems
		Reliability
		Fuel-System Independence
		Filler Caps
		Lightning Protection
		Fuel Flow
		Hot-Weather Performance
		Requirements for Fuel-System Indicators, Warning Lights, and Controls
	Fuel Tanks
		Fuel-Tank Requirements
		Types of Fuel Tanks
		Fuel-Tank Dripsticks
	Fuel-System Components
		Fuel Pumps
		Fuel Strainers and Filters
		Drains
		Fuel-Selector and Shutoff Valves
		Fuel Heaters
		Filler Caps
		Fuel Lines and Fittings
		Fuel-System Instruments
	Types of Fuel Systems
		Gravity-Feed Fuel Systems
		Pressure-Feed Fuel Systems
	Fuel Subsystems
		Primers and Priming Systems
		Vent Systems
		Pressure Fueling Systems
		Fuel Cross-Feed and Transfer System
		CG Control—Trim Tank Transfer
		Fuel Jettison System
		Oil-Dilution Systems
	Typical Aircraft Fuel Systems
		Light Airplane Gravity-Feed System
		Light Airplane Pressure-Feed System
		Fuel System for a Light Twin Airplane
		Fuel System for Regional Jet
		Engine Indicating and Crew Alert System
		Fuel Systems for Large Turbine Aircraft
		Fuel Storage
		Fuel Vent System
		Pressure Refueling
		Engine Feed System
		APU Feed System
		Defueling
		Fuel Jettison
		Fuel Indicating System
		Helicopter Fuel Systems
	Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair of Fuel Systems
		Fuel-System Inspections
		Fuel-Tank Inspections and Repairs
	Troubleshooting
		Troubleshooting Examples
	Review Questions
16. Environmental Systems
	Heating Systems
		Exhaust Heating Systems
		Combustion Heater Systems
		Electric Heating Systems
		Heating with Bleed Air
		Heating Pressurized Aircraft
	Cabin-Cooling Systems
		Vapor-Cycle Cooling Systems
		Environmental Control System of Light Jet
		Vapor Cycle System
		Aircraft Heating and Cooling
		Temperature Control
		Air-Cycle Cooling
		Electrically Driven Environmental Control System
	Cabin-Pressurization Systems
		Aircraft Structures
		Sources of Pressurization
		Pressurization System Components
		Pressurization-Control Operation
		Digital Cabin Pressure Controller
	Cabin Environmental System for a Jet Airliner
		Air-Conditioning Packs
		Conditioned Air Distribution
		Air-Conditioning Indication (EICAS)
		Pressurization-Control System
		Positive and Negative Relief Valves
	Summary of Pressurization and Air-Conditioning Systems
	Oxygen Systems
		Types of Oxygen Systems
		Oxygen Bottles
		Regulators
		Oxygen Masks
		Gaseous Oxygen Systems for Unpressurized Aircraft
		Gaseous Oxygen Systems for Pressurized Aircraft
		Operation of the Crew Oxygen System
		ECAM Information
		Chemical Oxygen Generators
		Chemical Oxygen Systems
		Service and Maintenance of Oxygen Systems
	Review Questions
17. Aircraft Instruments and Instrument Systems
	Principles of Instrument Operations
		Pressure Instruments
		Gyroscopic Instruments
		Electrically Powered Sensor Instruments
	Flight Instruments
		Altimeter
		Airspeed Indicator
		Airspeed-Angle-of-Attack Indicator
		Machmeter
		Vertical-Speed Indicator
		Accelerometer
		Magnetic Compass
		Vertical-Dial Compass
		Flux Gate Compass System
		Directional Gyro
		Heading Indicator
		Horizontal Situation Indicator
		Artificial Horizon
		Turn-and-Bank Indicators
		Turn Coordinator
		Suction Gauges
	Flight Instrument Systems
		Pitot-Static Systems
		Gyro Electrical Power Sources
		Gyro Pneumatic Power Sources
		Air Data Computer
	Engine Instruments
		Tachometers
		Oil-Pressure Indicators
		Oil-Temperature Indicators
		Exhaust-Gas Temperature
		Engine-Pressure Ratio
		Manifold-Pressure Indicator
		Cylinder Head Temperature Indicators
	Fuel-Quantity Indicators
		Mechanical Quantity Indicators
		Resistance Quantity Indicators
		Capacitance Quantity Indicators
	Fuel-System-Monitoring Instruments
		Fuel Pressure
		Fuel Flowmeter
	Miscellaneous Instruments
		Clocks
		Temperature Gauge
	Electronic Instruments
		Reference Sources
		EADI
		EHSI
		Electronic Systems Monitor Displays
		Indicating and Recording System of CRJ 700
		Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System
	Installation and Maintenance of Instruments
		Position of Instruments in the Panel
		Installation and Handling
		Marking Instruments
		Testing Instruments and Systems
		Inspection and Maintenance of Instruments and Systems
	Review Questions
18. Auxiliary Systems
	Fire Protection Systems
		Requirements for Overheat and Fire Protection Systems
		Types of Fire or Overheat Detectors
		Installation and Routing of Sensing Units
		Smoke- and Toxic-Gas-Detection Systems
		Fire-Extinguishing Agents
		Fire-Suppression Systems
		Portable Fire Extinguishers
		Inspection and Servicing of Fire Protection Systems
	Ice Protection Systems
		Ice Detection Systems
		Pneumatic-Mechanical Deicing Systems
		Deicer Check Valve
		Pressure Regulator/Reliever
		Water Separator
		Low Pressure Switch
		Controller
		Wing Deice System
		Wing Ejector Flow Control Valve
		Wing Deice Pressure Switch
		Wing Boot Deicer
		Horizontal Stabilizer Deicing System
		Inspection and Maintenance of Pneumatic-Mechanical Deicer Systems
		Thermal Anti-Icing
		Electro-Thermal Ice Protection
		Probe Anti-Icing
		Windshield-Ice Control
	Rain-Removal Systems
		Windshield-Wiper Systems
		Rain-Repellent Systems
		Pneumatic Rain-Removal System
	Water and Waste Systems
		Potable Water Supply
		Lavatory Water
		Toilet System
	Position and Warning Systems
		Control-Surface Indicating Systems
		Takeoff Warning Indicator Systems
		Stall Warning Indicators
	Auxiliary Power Units
		APU Operation and Control
		Airflow and Bleed Air
	Review Questions
19. Troubleshooting Theory and Practice
	The Troubleshooting Process
		The Use of Troubleshooting Charts
		Troubleshooting without a Chart
		Operating Data Helpful in Troubleshooting
		Troubleshooting Intermittent Discrepancies
		Validation of Troubleshooting Results
	Format of Troubleshooting Charts
		Centralized Fault Display System
		CFDS Operation
	Review Questions
Index
Color Insert