Air Pollution and Ecosystems: Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Grenoble, France, 18–22 May 1987

Front Matter....Pages i-xxi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Ansprache....Pages 2-4
Opening Address....Pages 5-7
Allocution D’ouverture....Pages 8-10
Ministre Delegue Charge De L’environnement....Pages 11-14
Expose....Pages 15-16
Front Matter....Pages 17-17
Ecosystems and their Response to Airborne Chemicals: The Current Situation in North America and Europe....Pages 18-38
Overview of the U.S. National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program....Pages 39-48
Front Matter....Pages 49-49
Report on the Session....Pages 50-55
Les Climats de Pollution en Europe: Caracterisation et Classification....Pages 56-67
Deposition of Pollutants on Plants and Soils; Principles and Pathways....Pages 68-84
Critical Loads for Sulphur and Nitrogen....Pages 85-91
Regional Ozone Concentrations in Europe....Pages 92-101
Front Matter....Pages 103-103
Report on the Session....Pages 104-108
Etat des Connaissances sur l’Impact des Polluants de l’Air sur les Productions Agricoles et Approches Methodologiques....Pages 109-122
Interactions Between Air Pollutants and Other Limiting Factors....Pages 123-141
Effects of Ozone in Ambient Air on Growth, Yield and Physiological Parameters of Spring Wheat....Pages 142-147
Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Grassland Ecosystems....Pages 148-153
Airborne Pollutant Injury to Vegetation in Greece....Pages 154-157
Is Plant Resistance to Air Pollution Related to Plant Resistance Towards Disease?....Pages 158-162
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
Report on the Session....Pages 164-167
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
Impact of Air Pollutants on Above-Ground Plant Parts of Forest Trees....Pages 168-216
Direct Effects of Dry and Wet Deposition on Forest Ecosystems — In Particular Canopy Interactions....Pages 217-224
Tree Responses to Acid Depositions into the Soil a Summary of the Cost Workshop at Jülich 1985....Pages 225-241
Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Stoffauswaschung aus Baumkronen Durch Saure Beregnung....Pages 242-247
Effect of Artificial Rain on Soil Chemical Properties and Forest Growth....Pages 248-253
Effects of Sulphur Dioxide on Forest Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release....Pages 254-260
Les Recherches sur le Deperissement des Forets en France: Structure et Principaux Resultats du Programme Deforpa....Pages 261-281
Report on the Session....Pages 284-287
Note de Synthese sur les Trois Tournees en Foret Effectuees le 20 Mai 1987....Pages 288-291
Recent Developments in the Diagnosis and Quantification of Forest Decline....Pages 292-305
Effects of H 2 O 2 -Containing Acidic Fog on Young Trees....Pages 306-311
Effect of Acidic Mist on Nutrient Leaching, Carbohydrate Status and Damage Symptoms of Picea Abies....Pages 312-320
Report on the Session....Pages 322-326
Methodological Approaches : Part I : Experiments With Open-Top Chambers: Results, Advantages and Limitations....Pages 327-337
Methodological Aspects of the Fumigation of Forest Trees with Gaseous Pollutants Using Closed Chambers....Pages 338-360
The Methodology of Open-Field Fumigation....Pages 361-371
Front Matter....Pages 373-373
Report on the session....Pages 374-378
Acid Deposition and Surface Water Acidification: The Use of Lake Sediments....Pages 379-395
Acidification and Ecophysiology of Freshwater Animals....Pages 396-406
Reversibility of Acidification....Pages 407-417
Front Matter....Pages 419-419
Report on the Session....Pages 420-424
Moyens Preventifs et Curatifs de Lutte Contre la Pollution Dans les Ecosystemes Terrestres, En Particulier les Forets....Pages 425-437
Fertilization as a Tool to Remove “New Type” Forest Damages....Pages 438-444
Judgement of the Applicability of Liming to Restabilise Forest Stands - With Special Consideration of Root Ecological Aspects....Pages 445-451
The Effects of Land Management on Acidification of Aquatic Ecosystems and the Implications for the Development of Ameliorative Measures....Pages 452-468
Practical Preventive and Curative Measures for Aquatic Ecosystems....Pages 469-475
Front Matter....Pages 477-477
Caracterisation de l’Environnement Atmospherique en Zone Forestiere....Pages 480-485
Kleinräumige Verteilungsmuster der Stoffdeposition in Naturnahen Waldökosystemen....Pages 486-492
Spatial Distribution of Wet and Dry Sulphur Deposition in the United Kingdom....Pages 493-498
Les Bassins Versants du Mont Lozere : Un Observatoire du Bruit de Fond de la Pollution Atmospherique/The Mont Lozere Catchments : An Observatory of the Atmospheric Pollution Background Level....Pages 499-507
Palynologische und forstgeschichtliche Aspekte zur Versauerungsgeschichte von Schwarzwaldseen....Pages 508-513
The Pollution Climate of the Fichtelgebirge, Northern Bavaria....Pages 514-519
Relief Effects on the Deposition of Air Pollutants in Forest Stands — Lead Deposition as an Example....Pages 520-529
Atmospheric Deposition on Semi-Natural Grassland Vegetation....Pages 530-535
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in a Forest Next to an Intensively Used Agricultural Area....Pages 536-541
Product Analysis of the Chemical/Photochemical Conversion of Monoterpenes with Airborne Pollutants (O 3 /NO 2 )....Pages 542-547
Atmospheric Inputs of Cadmium to an Arable Agricultural System....Pages 548-553
Etude du deperissement forestier en Belgique Premier Bilan d’une annee de recolte des precipitations a la station pilote de Vielsalm....Pages 554-559
Atmospheric Heavy Metal Deposition in Northern Europe Measured by Moss Analyses....Pages 560-565
Cryptogamic Epiphytes as Indicators of Air Quality Investigative Methods and Results from Four Selected Areas in Portugal....Pages 566-571
Front Matter....Pages 477-477
Reaction and Effect Measurements in Bavaria with Regard to Forest Damages....Pages 572-581
Adenine and Pyridine Nucleotides, and Carbohydrates in Healthy and Deceased Needles: Alterations in Relation to Vegetation Period (May to October 1985) and Needle Age (1979 to 1985)....Pages 584-589
Possible use of chlorophyll fluorescence in early detection of forest damages: Influence of different criteria....Pages 590-595
Fluorescence as a Means of Diagnosing the Effect of Pollutant Induced Stress in Plants....Pages 596-601
Rapid Fingerprinting of Damaged and Undamaged Conifer Needles by Soft Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Pattern Recognition....Pages 602-603
Comparative Investigation on the Nutrient Composition of Healthy and Injured Spruces of Different Locations....Pages 604-608
Early Diagnosis of Forest Decline — A Pilot Study....Pages 609-614
Estimation of the Plant-Related Resistances Determining the Ozone Flux to Broad Bean Plants (Vicia Faba Var Metissa), After Long-Term Exposure to Ozone in an Open Top Chamber....Pages 616-619
Sulfur Containing Air Pollutants and Their Effects on Plant Metabolism....Pages 620-625
Analyse des Mecanismes de Transfert des Particules a Travers L’appareil Stomatique....Pages 626-631
Open-Top Chamber Studies to Assess the Effects of Sulphur Dioxide and Acid Rain, Singly or in Combination, on Agricultural Plants....Pages 632-636
Ozone Sensitivity of Open-Top Chamber Grown Cultivars of Spring Wheat and Spring Rape....Pages 637-640
Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Crop Species in and Around London....Pages 641-646
Effects of Ozone and Calcium Nutrition on Native Plant Species....Pages 647-652
Secondary Effects of Photochemical Oxidants on Cereals: Alterations in Susceptibility to Fungal Leaf Diseases....Pages 653-658
Combined Effects of Ozone And Acid Mist on Tree Seedlings....Pages 659-664
Does Exhaust Air from Motorway Tunnels Affect the Surrounding Vegetation?....Pages 665-670
Role de la Cuticule des Plantes dans le Transfert des Xenobiotiques dans L’Environnement....Pages 671-677
Pollution Atmospherique et Metabolisme Respiratoire de L’Epicea....Pages 678-683
Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Wachsmorphologie an Nadeln von Klonfichten und Altfichten....Pages 684-689
Front Matter....Pages 477-477
Deperissement Forestier et Precipitations Acides dans les Pyrenees Centrales....Pages 690-696
Indirect Effects of Acid Mist Upon the Rhizosphere and the Leaves’ Buffering Capacity of Beech Seedlings....Pages 697-700
Recherches sur les Causes du Deperissement des Forets. Mise en Place de Tests D’Exclusion au Col du Donon (Vosges - France)....Pages 701-703
Effets Des “Pluies Acides” sur les Cuticules et les Surfaces Foliaires....Pages 704-709
Diffusions/Reaktionsmodell Für S0 2 Am Blattpfad....Pages 710-716
Effets d’une pollution de l’atmosphère par l’Ozone et le Dioxyde de Soufre sur la croissance, la conductance stomatique et la teneur en composés phénoliques de 3 clones d’épicéas en chambre à ciel ouvert....Pages 717-722
Effets de la Pollution Atmospherique sur le Systeme Secreteur et la Composition Terpenique des Aiguilles de Picea Abies....Pages 723-727
Direct Effects of Acid Wet Deposition on Photosynthesis, Stomatal Conductance and Growth of Populus cv. Beaupre....Pages 728-733
The Uptake of Atmospheric Ammonia by Leaves....Pages 734-738
Investigating Effects of Air Pollution by Measuring the Waterflow Velocity in Trees....Pages 739-742
Untersuchungen Zum Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel an Fichte (Picea Abies Karst.) Aus Klimakammerexperimenten und aus Geschädigten Waldbeständen....Pages 743-753
Comparative Investigations on the Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain of Spruce (Picea Abies) with Different Degrees of Damage in the Open Air....Pages 754-759
Some Effects of Low Levels of Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide on the Control of Water-Loss by Betula spp....Pages 760-765
Deposition of Heavy Metals and Their Distribution on Needles and Bark....Pages 766-773
Ammonia and Pine Tree Dieback in Belgium....Pages 774-779
The Effects of Acid Mist on Conifer Aphids and their Implications for Tree Health....Pages 780-783
Lichen and Conifer Recolonization in Munich’s Cleaner Air....Pages 784-790
Long-Term Changes in the Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content of Agricultural Soils....Pages 792-797
Mobilisation du Fluor par Acidolyse des Sols....Pages 798-805
Apports Atmospheriques et Acidification des Solutions de Sol Dans Une Foret Deperissante des Vosges (Est de la France)....Pages 806-813
Front Matter....Pages 477-477
A Six Year Nutrient Budget in a Coniferous Watershed Under Atmospheric Pollution....Pages 814-816
A Mathematical Model for Acidification and Neutralization of Soil Profiles Exposed to Acid Deposition....Pages 817-822
Le Bassin Versant du Strengbach a Aubure (Haut-Rhin, France) Pour L’etude du Deperissement Forestier dans les Vosges (Programme Deforpa): I Equipement Climatique, Hydrologique, Hydrochimique....Pages 823-828
Le Bassin Versant du Strengbach a Aubure (Haut-Rhin, Frances) Pour L’etude du Deperissement Forestier Dans les Vosges (Programme Deforpa) II- Influence des Precipitations Acides sur la Chimie des Eaux de Surface....Pages 829-834
Fate of Mineral Nitrogen in Acid Heathland and Forest Soils....Pages 835-840
The Effect of Atmospheric Deposition, Especially of Nitrogen, on Grassland and Woodland at Rothamsted Experimental Station, England, Measured Over More Than 100 Years....Pages 841-846
Effects of Ammonia Deposition on Animal-Mediated Nitrogen Mineralization and Acidity in Coniferous Forest Soils in the Netherlands....Pages 847-851
Investigations on the Telluric Microbiological Features of Forest Dieback in Vosges....Pages 852-858
The Influence of Acid Rain on Mycorrhizal Fungi and Mycorrhizas of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) in the Netherlands....Pages 859-863
Lead Contents and Distribution in Spruce Roots....Pages 864-869
“New Type” of Forest Decline, Nutrient Deficiencies and the “Virus”-Hypothesis....Pages 870-875
Effects of Airborne Ammonium on Natural Vegetation and Forests....Pages 876-880
Acid Rain Studies in the Fichtelgebirge (NE-Bavaria)....Pages 881-886
Acidification Research on Douglas Fir Forests in the Netherlands (Aciforn Project)/Recherche d’Acidification des Forets du Douglas-Vert Aux Pays-Bas (Project “ACIFORN”)....Pages 887-887
Monitoring of Root Growth....Pages 888-890
Monitoring of Hydrological Processes Under Douglas Fir....Pages 891-895
Monitoring Soil Chemical Parameters Under Douglas Fir....Pages 896-902
Air Pollution Monitoring in a Douglas Fir Forest/La Pollution de L’Air en Foret de Douglas-Vert....Pages 903-906
Influence of Air Pollution on Tree Physiology/Influence de Pollution de L’Air au Physiologie de L’Arbre....Pages 907-909
The Influence of Acid Rain on Fine Root Distribution and Nutrition....Pages 910-917
Front Matter....Pages 477-477
Function of Forest Ecosystems Under the Stress of Air Pollution....Pages 918-918
Carbon Assimilation and Nutrition of Trees in Two Picea Abies (L.) Karst. Stands in Bavaria Exhibiting Apparent Decline Differences....Pages 919-922
Forest Ecosystems Research Network Fern....Pages 923-925
Historical Development and Extent of Acidification of Shallow Soft Waters in the Netherlands....Pages 928-933
Acidification of Freshwaters in the Vosges Mountains (Eastern France)....Pages 934-939
Mercury Pollution in Swedish Woodland Lakes....Pages 940-947
Effects of Hydrology on the Reacidification of the Limed Lake Gårdsjön....Pages 948-953
ph Changes Over Two Centuries in Three Dutch Moorland Pools....Pages 954-959
Documentation of Areas Potentially Inclined to Water Acidification in the Federal Republic of Germany....Pages 960-964
Internal or External Toxicity of Aluminium in Fish Exposed to Acid Water....Pages 965-970
Front Matter....Pages 971-971
Conclusions Generales....Pages 972-974
Summing-Up of the Symposium....Pages 975-976
General Conclusions and Thanks....Pages 977-977
Back Matter....Pages 979-981