Advances in Measurement Technology and Disaster Prevention: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Measurement Technology, Disaster ... (MTDPM 2023), Nanjing, China, 26-28 May 2023

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Committee Members
Modern inspection technology and measurement data analysis
	Research on deformation detection of asphalt concrete sub-grade
and pavement with acoustic-optic mechanical arm integration
under cloud service
		1 Introduction
			1.1 Testing of asphalt concrete sub-grade and pavement
			1.2 Sound detection of pavement and subgrade deformation
			1.3 Relationship between the material strength and the wave velocity
			1.4 The basis for ultrasonic detection
			1.5 Sound wave speedometers of several common road-related materials
			1.6 The basic principle of ultrasonic detection
			1.7 Experimental summary
			1.8 Light detection of road deformation
			1.9 The advantages and disadvantages of laser detection pavement
				1.9.1 Laser detection of road flatness and deformation
			1.10 The use of mechanical arms for road detection
			1.11 Important technical indicators of road detection system
		2 Conclusions
		References
	Mechanical properties of tetrahydrofuran hydrate-bearing sandy soil during hydrate decomposition
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Specimens and Test Methods
			2.1 Experimental materials
			2.2 Test sample preparation and test procedures
		3 Test Results and Analysis
			3.1 NMR test results
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
			3.2 Triaxial test results and analysis during decomposition
		4 Establishment and Verification of Constitutive Model
			4.1 Duncan chang constitutive model
			4.2 Relationship between failure strength and saturation
			4.3 Establishment of the constitutive model
			4.4 Verification of constitutive model
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Construction quality monitoring technology of bridge deck asphalt paving layer based on non-destructive testing method
		1 Introduction
		2 PQI Construction Uniformity Monitoring
			2.1 Detection scheme
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.2 PQI revision value
			2.3 Correlation between PQI and coring method
		3 Temperature Segregation Monitoring with the Infrared Thermal Imager
		4 Conclusions
		References
	Comparison and analysis of shaft inclination angle of large inclined axial flow pump
		1 Introduction
		2 Comparison Method and Steps of Pump Shaft Inclination
			2.1 Preliminary selection of pump shaft inclination
			2.2 Analysis and comparison of hydraulic performance
			2.3 Comparative analysis of pump unit arrangement
			2.4 Pump set structure and stress analysis
			2.5 Comparable investment comparison
			2.6 Verification of device model test
		3 Engineering Case Analysis
			3.1 Project overview
			3.2 Primary selection of pump shaft inclination
			3.3 Comparison of hydraulic performance of flow channel
			3.4 Pump set layout and shaft bearing force analysis
			3.5 Comparable investment
			3.6 Comparison and selection results of pump shaft inclination
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Analysis of quasi-static pressure after explosion in confined space
		1 Introduction
		2 Experimental Study
			2.1 Analysis of frequency response characteristics of pressure measurement system
			2.2 Naked explosion test results and analysis
			2.3 Sanding test results and analysis
		3 Numerical Simulation Research
		4 Conclusions
		References
	The law of coarse-grained soil particle breakage based on the discrete element method
		1 Introduction
		2 Discrete Element Numerical Simulation Test
			2.1 Establishment of numerical model
			2.2 Parallel bond constitutive model
		3 Simulation Results of the Triaxial Test
		4 Shear Strength Fitting Analysis Considering Particle Breakage
		5 Conclusions
		References
	The highly conducted numerical simulation study of hyporheic exchange at different weir structures
		1 Introduction
		2 Numerical Simulation Research Methods
			2.1 Surface water and groundwater model
			2.2 Model domain creation and specific boundary conditions
		3 Results and Analysis
			3.1 The effect of weir structure height on the temperature field in the hyporheic zone
				3.1.1 Changes in the surface water flow field
				3.1.2 Groundwater temperature field changes
		4 Conclusions
		References
	The influence of regenerative aggregate from building solid waste on the durability of regenerative concrete
		1 Introduction
		2 Experimental Process
			2.1 Test material
			2.2 Sample preparation
		3 Test Results and Discussion
			3.1 Electric flux and chloride ion expansion coefficient
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.2 Strength change under freezing and thawing cycle
			3.3 Change of elastic modulus of concrete
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Safety inspection, appraisal, and reinforcement design of a multi-storey masonry apartment building
		1 Introduction
		2 Project Overview
		3 Field Inspection
			3.1 Building use environment survey (GB/T 50344-2019)
			3.2 Foundation and foundation inspection
				3.2.1 Site investigation results of foundation
				3.2.2 Building inclination measurement results
				3.2.3 Measurement results of local inclination of building foundation
		4 Checking Calculation of Structural Bearing Capacity
			4.1 Calculation basis of bearing capacity
			4.2 Checking calculation results of bearing capacity (Gao 2013)
		5 Safety Appraisal and Rating (GB 55021-2021)
		6 Reinforcement Scheme
			6.1 The wall with insufficient upper bearing capacity adopts
			6.2 The upper cracked wall adopts
			6.3 The foundation parts
		7 Conclusion
		References
	Research on thermal performance test and energy saving design of residential building wall in Lhasa
		1 Introduction
		2 Overview of Residential Building Walls in Lhasa
		3 Thermal Performance Test of Building Wall
			3.1 Laboratory test on thermal performance of building wall
			3.2 Field test of thermal performance of building wall
			3.3 Analysis of building wall test data and theoretical calculation
				3.3.1 Analysis of testing data of laboratory wall materials
				3.3.2 Theoretical calculation of heat transfer coefficient of building exterior wall
				3.3.3 Field test data analysis of building exterior wall
				3.3.4 Comparison and analysis of test and theoretical calculation data of building exterior wall
		4 Energy Saving Design of Wall
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Ventilation characteristics of high ground temperature tunnels
		1 Introduction
		2 Overview of the Supporting Projects
		3 Numerical Methods
		4 Results and Discussion
			4.1 Different slopes
				4.1.1 Wind speed distribution
				4.1.2 Pressure distribution
			4.2 Different radii of curvature
				4.2.1 Wind speed distribution
				4.2.2 Pressure distribution
			4.3 Temperature in different tunnels
		5 Conclusions
		References
	A new method for measuring the distributed lateral friction of pipe piles
		1 Introduction
		2 Theoretical and Calibration
			2.1 The ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating distributed strain sensing system
			2.2 The ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating sensor deployment and calibration
		3 Static Load Test of Pipe Piles in Coral Sand Stratum
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Dynamic deformation behavior and meso-structure evolution of gravelly saline soil with freeze-thaw cycles
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Methods and Materials
			2.1 Test instruments
				2.1.1 Triaxial test system
				2.1.2 X-ray CT scanning
			2.2 Test materials
			2.3 Test schemes
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
		3 Results and Analysis
			3.1 Study of freeze-thaw cycles on cumulative dynamic strain
			3.2 Study of stress amplitude on cumulative dynamic strain
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
			3.3 CT scanning analysis of damage evolution
		4 Conclusions
		References
	Low power consumption soil monitoring technology and equipment based on NB-IoT
		1 Hardware R&x00026;D Based on NB-IoT Technology
			1.1 NB-IoT wireless communication technology
			1.2 Research and selection of NB-IoT communication modules
			1.3 Main control core circuit design
			1.4 Device interface design
			1.5 Equipment structure design and monitoring device design
		2 Research on Low Power Algorithm Based on NB-IoT Technology
			2.1 Device software architecture design
			2.2 Device data transmission and platform access
			2.3 Research on low power algorithm for data acquisition and transmission
			2.4 Equipment function and stability test
				2.4.1 Testing environment
				2.4.2 Test method
				2.4.3 Test data
				2.4.4 Refine results
		3 Summary
		References
	Stress-seepage coupled analysis of Karez in Turpan
		1 INTRODUCTION
		2 Governing Equation and Material Property
			2.1 Governing equation
			2.2 Material property
		3 Model and Boundary Conditions
		4 Results and Discussion
			4.1 Saturation level
			4.2 Seepage flow velocity
			4.3 Displacement distribution
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Numerical analysis of stress monitoring and support effect in excavation of Taitai pumped storage power station
		1 Introduction
		2 Engineering Background
			2.1 Basic geology
			2.2 In-situ stress condition
		3 Displacement and Cable Stress Monitoring Results and Analysis
			3.1 Anchor stress abnormal recording
			3.2 Site investigation
		4 Numerical Simulation
			4.1 The principle of an anchor stress gauge
			4.2 Constitutive model and material parameters
			4.3 Numerical simulation and suggested support reinforcement
				4.3.1 Numerical model
				4.3.2 Simulation results
		5 Conclusions and Suggestions
		References
	Finite element analysis on dynamic characteristics and failure modes of SRC columns under lateral impact
		1 Introduction
		2 Component Models
			2.1 Model parameters
			2.2 Finite element model
			2.3 Test conditions
		3 Dynamic Characteristic Analysis
			3.1 Impact force characteristics
			3.2 Displacement characteristics
			3.3 Energy characteristics
		4 Failure Mode Analysis
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Failure mechanism of mountain tunnel caused by fault dislocation
		1 Introduction
		2 Finite Element Analysis and Verification
		3 Numerical Model and Input Parameters
		4 Stress, Displacement, and Damage to the Tunnel
		5 Faulting Configuration and Failure Modes
		6 Conclusions
		References
	Study on wind resistance of endothermic tower structure of concentrated solar power station
		1 Introduction
		2 Finite Element Model of the Endothermic Tower Structure
			2.1 The establishment of the finite element model
			2.2 The validation of the finite element model
			2.3 Calculation and loading of static wind load
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
		3 The Results of Finite Element Simulation
			3.1 Displacement response
			3.2 Equivalent stress response
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Horizontal seismic isolation joint defect detection method for seismic isolation building based on deep learning TL-ISDNet
		1 Introduction
		2 Common Horizontal Seismic Isolation Joint Construction Practices and Defect Detection Requirement
		3 Building a Dataset of Horizontal Seismic Isolation Slits
			3.1 Raw image data acquisition
			3.2 Data image preprocessing
			3.3 Data augmentation
		4 Horizontal Seismic Seam Defect Identification
			4.1 Building a network framework
			4.2 Model training based on transfer learning
				4.2.1 Model pretraining
				4.2.2 Model migration
			4.3 Model testing and analysis
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Study on resistivity and dielectric properties of carbon fiber reinforced concrete
		1 Introduction
		2 Experiment
			2.1 Preparation of specimen
			2.2 Test method
		3 Results and Discussion
			3.1 The resistivity of a CFRC
			3.2 The dielectric constant of a CFRC
				3.2.1 The real part of the dielectric constant
				3.2.2 The imaginary part of the dielectric constant
				3.2.3 Loss angle tangent
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Research on countermeasures of safety risk control in limited space&x02014;taking limited space (septic tank) in Shenzhen as an example
		1 Introduction
		2 Current Situation Research
			2.1 Limited space (septic tank) management system is not sound
			2.2 The maintenance mechanism of limited space (septic tank) is not sound
			2.3 Insufficient risk control in limited space (septic tank)
			2.4 Limited space (septic tank) low degree of information and intelligent application
		3 Conclusion
			3.1 Strengthening the safety supervision of government departments on operations in limited space (septic tank)
			3.2 Promoting the scale and standardized development of enterprises in the industry
			3.3 Implementing the main responsibility of enterprise security
			3.4 Improving the informatization level of security risk management and control
		References
	Notes and common problems in the calibration of glass hydrometer
		1 Introduction
		2 Selection of Standardizers
		3 Appearance and Basic Performance Inspection of the Hydrometer
		4 Preparation of Calibration Solution
		5 Calibration Process
		6 Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty in Verification or Calibration Results
			6.1 Overview
				6.1.1 Measurement basis
				6.1.2 Environmental conditions
				6.1.3 Measurement standards
				6.1.4 Tested object
				6.1.5 Measurement process
			6.2 Mathematical model
			6.3 Source of standard uncertainty
				6.3.1 Uncertainty introduced by first-class standard density meters
				6.3.2 Uncertainty introduced by measurement repeatability
				6.3.3 The uncertainty introduced by the reading error of the working density meter
				6.3.4 The uncertainty introduced by surface tension on the working densitometer
				6.3.5 The uncertainty introduced by the tilt of the working densitometer
				6.3.6 The uncertainty introduced by temperature on the indicated value of the working density meter
				6.3.7 Uncertainty introduced by rounding off of working density meter data
				6.3.8 The uncertainty introduced by the correction of the capillary constant of the working densitometer
			6.4 Composite standard uncertainty uc
			6.5 Extended uncertainty U
			6.6 Report and representation of measurement uncertainty
		7 Conclusion
		References
Building material research and civil structure repair
	Deformation and stability of soft soil highway subgrade and
embankment
		1 Introduction
		2 Project Overview and Site Conditions
		3 Back Analysis of Embankment Filling Deformation
			3.1 Analysis of settlement monitoring data
			3.2 Inverse analysis based on finite element software
		4 Stability Analysis of Embankment Filling Process
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Safety identification of a certain frame structure workshop based on PKPM force model analysis
		1 Introduction
		2 Engineering Profile
		3 Condition Inspection of Building Appearance
		4 Basic Content of the Detection
			4.1 Structural concrete strength
			4.2 Column reinforcement configuration, stirrup spacing, and cover thickness
			4.3 Column section size
			4.4 Relative inclination of the building
		5 Structural Checking Calculation
			5.1 Model building
			5.2 Calculation of structure
				5.2.1 Purline calculation
				5.3.2 Section checking calculation
		6 Safety Identification Rating
			6.1 Component safety evaluation rating
			6.2 Identification and rating of structural systems
		7 Conclusion
		References
	The application of testing the compressive strength of concrete with drilled core method
		1 Introduction
		2 About the Testing Instruments and Equipment
		3 About Sampling by Core Drilling
		4 About the Core Sample Drilling
			4.1 Data preparation before testing the structural concrete strength
			4.2 Core sample drilling position
			4.3 Requirements and protection of core samples
		5 About the Core Sample Processing and Technical Requirements
			5.1 The ratio of height to diameter
			5.2 End face treatment
		6 Determination of the Estimated Value of Concrete Strength
			6.1 The compressive strength of concrete
			6.2 The value of the concrete strength of the inspection lot
			6.3 The confidence level of the estimation
		7 Conclusions
		References
	Plant screening and application in slope restoration of expressways based on the AHP method
		1 Introduction
		2 Materials and Methods
			2.1 Project overview
			2.2 Building of screening and evaluation model
			2.3 Calculation of judgment matrix and weight value
			2.4 Evaluation of plant screening
			2.5 Data processing
		3 Results
			3.1 The judgment matrix and weight value of each hierarchy structure
			3.2 Plant investigation along the Huadu-Conghua section of the Guanglian Expressway
			3.3 Results of plant screening
			3.4 Practical application of screening vegetation
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Engineering properties of soft soils in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay area
		1 Introduction
		2 Characteristics of Soft Soil Distribution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
		3 Mineral Composition and Microstructure of Soft Soils
			3.1 Mineral composition
			3.2 Microstructure
		4 Analysis of Soft Soil Deposition Characteristics and Physical and Mechanical Properties in Different Areas of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
			4.1 Characteristics of soft soil deposition in different ground feature areas in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
				4.1.1 Guangzhou soft soil
				4.1.2 Characteristics of soft soil in Nansha District
				4.1.3 Shenzhen soft soil
				4.1.4 Dongguan soft soil
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
			4.2 Correlation between physical quantities of soft soils.
				4.2.1 Variation of some engineering parameters with an Aqueous rate
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.2 Variation of some engineering parameters with Porosityss ratio
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
				4.2.3 Variation of some engineering parameters with Natural density
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
			4.3 Mathematical statistics and analysis
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Factors influencing overturning risk of curved steel box girder bridges under incremental launching construction
		1 Introduction
		2 Background
		3 Materials and Methods
			3.1 Finite element simulation of incremental launching construction
				3.1.1 Simulation method of the incremental launching construction process
				3.1.2 Build a finite element model
			3.2 Influencing factors of transverse bridge overturning
		4 Results
			4.1 Radius of curvature
			4.2 Lateral temporary support spacing
		5 Discussion
		6 Conclusions
		References
	Gas permeation characteristics of unsaturated loess
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Overview
			2.1 Test instrument
			2.2 Working principle of the instrument
			2.3 Test scheme
			2.4 Calculation method of gas permeability coefficient
		3 Analysis of Test Results
			3.1 Darcy&x00027;s law steady-state flow hypothesis in unsaturated loess
			3.2 Effect of dry density on gas permeability
			3.3 Effect of water content on gas permeability
			3.4 Comparison of the effect of rigid flexible wall constraint on gas permeability
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Cantilever construction technology of long span asymmetric continuous rigid frame bridge
		1 Introduction
		2 Project Overview
		3 Optimization of the Construction Scheme
			3.1 Analysis of internal structural forces
				3.1.1 Changes of pier top internal forces
				3.1.2 Changes of internal forces at the root of the main beam
		4 Asymmetric Cantilever Construction Measures
			4.1 Temporary pier settings
			4.2 Temporary counterweight
				4.2.1 Cantilever section construction counterweight process
				4.2.2 Side span closing counterweight process
			4.3 Mold elevation adjustment
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Bonding performance between slag fly ash-based geopolymer concrete and existing concrete
		1 Introduction
		2 Oblique Shear Tests of the Combination
			2.1 Basic materials and properties
				2.1.1 The existing concrete
				2.1.2 SFGPC
				2.1.3 Adhesion agent
			2.2 Tests procedure and apparatus
				2.2.1 Fabrication of specimens
				2.2.2 Loading apparatus
		3 Tests Results and Analysis
			3.1 Tests results
			3.2 Analysis of bonding performance
				3.2.1 Effect of roughness
				3.2.2 Effect of adhesion agent
				3.2.3 Effect of concrete strength
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Study on mechanical properties of coal gangue solidified loess
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Materials
			2.1 Loess
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.2 Coal gangue
			2.3 Alkali activators
		3 Experimental Design and Result Analysis
			3.1 Study on the best mix ratio of geopolymer solidified loess
			3.2 Range analysis of test results
			3.3 Analysis of variance of test results
		4 Conclusion
		References
	BIM implementation method and application in airport pavement engineering
		1 Introduction
		2 Design Method for Terrain and Pavement BIM Models
			2.1 Implementation method for designing terrain model
				2.1.1 Planar positioning of pavement area corner point elevations
				2.1.2 Using grid elevation as the data source for the soil surface area design terrain
				2.1.3 Creating the design terrain by combining the pavement area and the soil surface area elevation points
			2.2 Pavement model
				2.2.1 Rapid batch extraction of closed regions
				2.2.2 Generate panels from closed regions
		3 BIM Design Application of Airfield Engineering
			3.1 Vertical design
			3.2 Pavement design
		4 Application Benefits and Values
			4.1 Auxiliary design and reduced later changes
			4.2 Model measurement to assist construction bidding
			4.3 Effective transmission of models
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Quality control strategy and intelligent monitoring of a concrete mixing plant
		1 Introduction
		2 Concrete Production Process
		3 Production Management and Quality Control Strategy of Mixing Plant
			3.1 Material management
			3.2 Laboratory management
			3.3 Concrete mixing process management
			3.4 Monitoring and information management around the mixing station
		4 Experimental Examples of Concrete Quality Control
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Experimental study and analysis of anisotropy of loess in Kole Bay Tunnel
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Program
			2.1 Physical properties of the test loess
			2.2 Experimental method
		3 Consolidation of Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		4 Triaxial Test Results and Analysis
		5 Analysis of Anisotropic Properties of Loess
			5.1 Shear strength
			5.2 Modulus of deformation
		6 Influence of Loess Anisotropy on Tunnel Surrounding Rock Deformation
			6.1 Numerical model and physical-mechanical parameters
			6.2 Numerical simulation results and analysis
		7 Conclusion
		References
	Research on fissure anisotropy of loess paleosol
		1 Introduction
		2 Test Method
		3 Test Results
			3.1 Evaluation indicators for various identical fractures
			3.2 Heterogeneity indexes of fissures in loess paleosol
		4 Analysis of the Mechanism of Fissure Development in Loess Paleosol
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Preliminary study on Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) membrane shell structure system
		1 Preface
		2 Analysis of the Development Status of UHPC Formwork Shell Structure in China
			2.1 Industrial and civil buildings
			2.2 Bridge engineering
			2.3 Offshore and saline corrosion environment
		3 Analysis of Main Influencing Factors of UHPC Formwork Shell Structure
			3.1 Industrial and civil buildings
			3.2 Bridge engineering
			3.3 Offshore and saline corrosion environment
		4 Existing Problems and Solutions of UHPC Formwork Shell Structure
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Comparative analysis of domestic and foreign tunnel construction inspection codes
		1 Introduction
		2 Comparison of Technical Means of Construction
			2.1 Tunnel excavation section inspection
			2.2 Quality inspection of anchor construction
			2.3 Shotcrete quality inspection
			2.4 Concrete lining construction inspection
			2.5 Waterproof layer construction quality inspection
		3 Comparison of Criteria for Determining Test Results
			3.1 Quality inspection of anchor construction
			3.2 Shotcrete quality inspection
			3.3 Reinforcing mesh construction quality inspection
			3.4 Waterproof layer construction quality inspection
			3.5 Quality inspection of drainage system construction
		4 Comparison of Testing Frequency
			4.1 Domestic and international anchor construction quality inspection frequency requirements
			4.2 Comparison of domestic and international anchor construction quality inspection frequency requirements
			4.3 Domestic and international requirements for the frequency of construction quality testing of waterproofing layers
			4.4 Comparison of domestic and international construction quality testing frequency requirements for waterproofing layers
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Research on the application of BIM technology in smart buildings
		1 Introduction
		2 BIM Technology Concept and Technical Advantages
			2.1 Development and concept of BIM technology
			2.2 BIM technology advantages
		3 Intelligent Building Concept and Advantages
			3.1 Smart building
			3.2 Advantages of smart buildings
		4 BIM Technology Application in Smart Buildings
			4.1 BIM platform construction in smart buildings
			4.2 Data generation and extraction from BIM
		5 Case Studies
			(1) Auxiliary drawing triage
			(2) Comprehensive optimization of pipelines
			(3) Model lightweight management
		6 Conclusion
		References
	Research on the influence of high-temperature paving on the steel box girder structure of the Peljesac Bridge approach span
		1 Introduction
		2 Steel Box Girder Temperature Field Model
			2.1 Structural parameters
			2.2 Determination of temperature field parameters
			2.3 Finite element model of temperature field during pavement of steel box girder
		3 Steel Box Girder Temperature Effect Finite Element Model
			3.1 Boundary conditions
			3.2 Material parameters
			3.3 Establishment of the steel box girder temperature effect model during paving
		4 Steel Box Girder Temperature Effect Analysis
			4.1 Stress analysis of beam segments at support locations
			4.2 Analysis of stress on crossbeam transverse diaphragm section
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Technologies and performance testing for corrosion protection on the inner surface of reinforced concrete sewer pipes
		1 Introduction
		2 Status of Corrosion Protection Technology on the Inner Surface of Reinforced Concrete Sewer Pipes
			2.1 Fiber reinforced polymer lining anti-corrosion
			2.2 Plastic lining anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.3 Mortar spraying anti-corrosion
			2.4 Paint spraying anti-corrosion
		3 New Technology Silane Impregnation Anti-Corrosion
		4 Physical and Chemical Performance Testing of Silane Impregnation-Anti-Corrosion
			4.1 Corrosion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
			4.2 Abrasion resistance
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Damage test study of concrete pipe during pipe jacking
		1 Introduction
		2 Field Test
		3 Finite Element Numerical Simulation
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Experimental study on mechanical properties and seepage failure modes of compacted grouting reinforced body in water-rich ultracataclasite stratum
		1 Introduction
		2 Laboratory Compression and Seepage Tests
			2.1 Experimental material and specimen preparation
			2.2 Testing apparatus and experimental method
		3 Test Results and Analysis
			3.1 Analysis of the moisture content on the performance of compacted grouting reinforced body
				3.1.1 Analysis of the deviatoric stress vs strain curve
				3.1.2 Analysis of strength characteristics
				3.1.3 Analysis of deformation characteristics
			3.2 Analysis of the compactness on the performance of compacted grouting reinforced body
				3.2.1 Analysis of the deviatoric stress vs strain curve
				3.2.2 Analysis of strength characteristics
				3.2.3 Analysis of deformation characteristics
			3.3 Analysis of the seepage pressure on the performance of compacted grouting reinforced body
				3.3.1 Analysis of the deviatoric stress vs strain curve
				3.3.2 Analysis of strength characteristics
				3.3.3 Analysis of deformation characteristics
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Application of CAD technology simulation in the optimization of building structure design parameters
		1 Introduction
		2 Development of CAD Technology in the Structural Design of High-Rise Buildings
			2.1 From traditional imitation to operational output
			2.2 Generation of 3D CAD system
			2.3 Structural optimization design of high-rise buildings
			2.4 Comprehensive application of the BIM system
			2.5 Management subsystem (Administration) design
		3 Concrete Application of Optimization Technology in Building Structure Design
			3.1 Structural optimization design method
			3.2 Structural optimization control indicators
		4 Conclusion
		References
	Data processing and deformation analysis of deformation observation in construction engineering
		1 Introduction
		2 The Importance of Deformation Observation of Engineering Buildings
		3 Data Processing
		4 Example research
			4.1 Project overview
			4.2 Establish the GM (1,1) model
		5 Conclusion
		References
	Discussion on the causes and prevention methods of cracks in concrete structures of municipal bridges
		1 Introduction
		2 The Significance of Crack Treatment of Municipal Engineering Bridge Structure
		3 Analysis of Concrete Cracks in Municipal Bridges
		4 Crack Prevention Strategies for Concrete Structures of Municipal Bridges
		Conclusion
		References
	Water resources engineering planning and intelligent earthquake prevention and mitigation
		The mechanism of performance degradation of red mudstone in the
Three Gorges Reservoir area
			1 Introduction
			2 Experimental Design
			3 Experimental Analysis
				3.1 Analysis of physical property tests
				3.2 Electrical resistivity test analysis
				3.3 Analysis of uniaxial compressive strength and acoustic emission testing
			4 Conclusion
			ACKNOWLEDGMENT
			References
		Criteria used for database construction of strong ground motion records in Japan
			1 Introduction
			2 Construction of the Database
			3 Methods and Results
			4 Conclusions and Discussion
			References
		The identification method of similar small watersheds in hilly areas
			1 Introduction
			2 Methodology
				2.1 Principal component analysis
				2.2 Fuzzy C-mean clustering algorithm
				2.3 Euclidean distance
			3 Applications
				3.1 Study area
				3.2 Screen similar index
				3.3 Similar watershed clustering
				3.4 Similarity evaluation
			4 Conclusion
			References
		GPS in earthquake monitoring
			1 introduction
			2 Application of GPS in Crustal Deformation Monitoring
			3 Applications in Seismic Monitoring
				3.1 Earthquake location
				3.2 Focal mechanism
				3.3 Seismic phase identification
				3.4 Seismicity
				3.5 Slow earthquake monitoring
			4 Conclusion and Prospect
			References
		Monitoring and early warning model of landslide geological hazards based on optimized fuzzy logic
			1 Introduction
			2 Optimal Design of Landslide Geological Hazard Monitoring and Early Warning Model Based on Optimal Fuzzy Logic
				2.1 Collection and processing of landslide geological disaster data
				2.2 Construction of landslide geological hazard monitoring and early warning model based on optimized fuzzy logic
			3 Experiment
				3.1 Experiment preparation
				3.2 Experimental results and discussion
			4 Conclusion
			References
		Development and application of an automated slope hazard monitoring and early warning system in Wuhan
			1 Introduction
			2 Monitoring Content and Equipment
				2.1 Groundwater level monitoring
				2.2 Rainfall monitoring
				2.3 Monitoring of deep horizontal displacement of slope
				2.4 Data transmission&x02014;wireless transmission technology
			3 Functions of Main System
				3.1 System communication and monitoring object information entry
				3.2 Monitoring data modeling analysis prediction
				3.3 Monitoring data query and graphical visualization
				3.4 Real-time warning of monitoring objects and related interfaces
				3.5 Slope stability early warning (judgment)
			4 Conclusion
			References
		Application of Kalman filter model in automatic monitoring system of geological hazards
			1 Introduction
			2 Slope Disaster
				2.1 Development status of automatic monitoring technology of side slope disaster
				2.2 Problems existing in the popularization and application of slope disaster automation monitoring
			3 Automated Monitoring Network System
				3.1 Basic hierarchy structure
				3.2 Application of internet of things technology
			4 Automatic Monitoring and Early Warning Platform
				4.1 Basic requirements
				4.2 Platform architecture
				4.3 Platform development and design
					4.3.1 Development tools
					4.3.2 Functional module diagram
					4.3.3 Database design
				4.4 Commissioning and deployment
				4.5 Safe operation and maintenance
				4.6 Function display
			5 Key Technology&x02014;Automatic Monitoring Data Analysis and Early Warning
				5.1 Based on the Kalman filtering model
					5.1.1 Implementation steps of the Kalman filter method
					5.1.2 Engineering examples
				5.2 Monitoring and early warning methods
				5.3 Early warning of the prediction results based on the Kalman filtering model
				5.4 Division of early warning levels
			6 Conclusion
			References
		Debris flow mud level height error based on millimeter wave radar
			1 Introduction
			2 Measurement of Mud Level Height Model of Debris Flow By Millimeter-Wave Radar
			3 Error Analysis
			4 Conclusion
			References
		Dynamic change information extraction method of geological disasters based on visual tracking
			1 Introduction
			2 Research on Motion Target Detection for Geological Body Hazard Monitoring
			3 Research on Motion Target Tracking for Geological Body Hazard Monitoring
				3.1 Mean shift tracking algorithm
				3.2 Kalman filter principle
				3.3 Motion target tracking with Mean shift tracking algorithm incorporating Kalman filter
			4 Experimental Results and Analysis
				4.1 Target tracking results of a landslide and the whole motion trajectory
				4.2 Target tracking results of a mudslide and the whole motion trajectory
			5 Conclusion
			References
		Ground motion simulation for convex topography in the 2013 Lushan earthquake
			1 Introduction
			2 Two-step method
				2.1 Deep structure model
				2.2 Shallow structure model
				2.3 Artificial boundary
			3 Simulated ground motions
			4 Conclusions
			Acknowledgment
			References
		Fire evacuation path study of double-decker island subway station through full-scale thermal experiment
			1 Introduction
			2 Full-Scale Hot Smoke Experiment
				2.1 Overview of subway station
				2.2 Experimental methods
			3 Results and Discussion
				3.1 Smoke temperature at hazardous height
			4 Conclusions
			References
		Structural safety analysis of large diversion tunnel plug by using different evaluation methods
			1 Introduction
			2 Methods for evaluating the safety of tunnel plugs
				2.1 Rigid body limit equilibrium method
				2.2 Three-dimensional finite difference method based on continuum mechanics
				2.3 Three-dimensional finite difference method based on discontinuous mechanics
			3 Safety analysis of straight columnar plug in Wudongde hydropower plant
				3.1 Initial calculation conditions
				3.2 Deformation and stress characteristics of plug structure and surrounding rock
				3.3 Deformation and stress characteristics of plug structure and surrounding rock
			4 Conclusions
			References
		Deep foundation support and monitoring program for bridge piers near highway
			1 Introduction
			2 Project overview
				2.1 Foundation overview
				2.2 Foundation pit support structure program
			3 Monitoring and analysis of support effect
				3.1 Monitoring program
				3.2 Monitoring results and analysis
			3 Conclusion
			References
		Effect of reinforcement of plant roots on tunnel under rainfall condition
			1 Introduction
			2 Optimization of two area ratio parameters
				2.1 Distribution function of roots
				2.2 Parameter optimization
			3 Calculation theory of W&x00026;W model
			4 Numerical simulation of tunnel with or without root system and with rainfall
				4.1 Numerical simulation under conditions of no rainfall and no root soil
				4.2 Numerical simulation with root soil
				4.3 Numerical simulation under rainfall and root-containing conditions
				4.4 Numerical simulation under rainfall and rootless conditions
			5 Data summary and analysis
				5.1 Analysis of surrounding rock data
				5.2 Analyze the influence of rainfall time on the tunnel
			6 Conclusion
			References
		Seismic study of nodal connections in assembled shear walls
			1 INTRODUCTION
			2 NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ASSEMBLED SHEAR WALLS
			3 CONCLUSION
			References
		Dynamic load impact response characteristics of the hard roof of shallow buried thick coal seam
			1 Introduction
			2 Engineering background
			3 Mechanical analysis of hard roof of comprehensive discharge working face
				3.1 Construction of hard roof mining fracture instability model
				3.2 Analysis of hard roof mining breaking mechanics
			4 Numerical model test under dynamic load disturbance
				4.1 The numerical analysis model is established under dynamic load disturbance
				4.2 Analysis of dynamic load impact stress propagation characteristics of integrated surface
				4.3 Evolution analysis of impact stress response under dynamic load disturbance
			5 Conclusion
			References
		The application of aerogeophysical prospecting technology in the investigation of ancient water conservancy projects&x02014;a case analysis of Li Bing&x00027;s Gaojingguan, Shifang water conservancy project
			1 Introduction
			2 Measuring Principle
			3 Aerogeophysical Survey of Li Bing&x00027;s Gaojingguan, Shifang Water Conservancy Project
				3.1 Project overview
				3.2 Geological and geophysical features
				3.3 Geophysical exploration deployment
				3.4 Fieldwork methods and technical requirements
					3.4.1 Instrumentation
					3.4.2 Transmitter, receiver, and acquisition system parameters
			4 Explanation of Data Collection and Processing
				4.1 Data collection
				4.2 Data processing
				4.3 Data interpretation
			5 Conclusion
			References
		Coulomb stress triggering between strong earthquakes in northeastern Tibetan Plateau
			1 Introductions
			2 Models
				2.1 Coseismic dislocation model
			3 Influence analysis of Coulomb stress variation on strong earthquakes
				3.1 Influence of coulomb stress variation on co-seismic
				3.2 Influence of coulomb stress change on post-seismic
				3.3 Combined effects of coearthquake and post-earthquake coulomb stress changes
			4 Conclusions
			References
		Flow field change after coastal wetland protection project in Hangzhou Bay area
			1 INTRODUCTION
			2 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
				2.1 Hydrologic condition
				2.2 Climatic and meteorological conditions
				2.3 Storm surge
			3 HYDRODYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
				3.1 Model establishment
				3.2 Calculation range
				3.3 Flow field in the project area
			4 HYDRODYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
				4.1 Changes in flow field before and after project construction
				4.2 Changes in flow velocity before and after project construction
			5 CONCLUSIONS
			References
		ch067_web
		Research on risk assessment technology of lightning disaster in petrochemical enterprises
			1 Introduction
			2 Risk identification of lightning disasters in chemical enterprises
			3 Lightning disaster evaluation index system for chemical enterprises
				3.1 Selection of lightning disaster assessment factor
					3.1.1 Possibility of lightning disaster accidents (L)
					3.1.2 Consequence severity of lightning disaster accident (S)
			4 Risk assessment model of lightning disaster in the chemical industry park
				4.1 Probability value of lightning disaster accident (L)
					4.1.1 Classification of lightning occurrence possibility
				4.2 Value of consequence severity of lightning disaster accident (S)
					4.2.1 Intrinsic hazard level of chemicals
			5 Conclusion
			References
		Assessment of disaster prevention and reduction capacity of social organizations
			1 Preface
			2 Methods and Data Sources
				2.1 Data sources
				2.2 Evaluation indicator selection
				2.3 Evaluation method
			3 Evaluation Results
				3.1 Weighting
				3.2 Evaluation results
			4 Discussion and Suggestions
				4.1 Current status of social organization disaster reduction capability
				4.2 Recommendations for improving the disaster reduction capabilities of social organizations
			5 Conclusion
			Acknowledgement
			References
		Seasonal patterns and factors contributing to ground subsidence
cases in Xi’an
			1 Introduction
			2 The Relationship Between Monthly Precipitation and the Number of Ground Subsidence Events in Xi&x02019;an City
				2.1 Statistical analysis of precipitation for the years 2015–2020
				2.2 Number of ground collapse cases in Xi&x02019;an from 2015 to 2020
			3 The underlying causes for the seasonal patterns observed in ground subsidence cases
				3.1 The impact of precipitation on groundwater levels
				3.2 The influence of precipitation on soil moisture content
				3.3 The impact of seasonal precipitation on underground caves and voids
				3.4 The intensity and frequency of rainfall have profound implications for ground subsidence
			4 Conclusion
			References
		Single point monitoring method for average air velocity of full section of roadway
			1 Introduction
			2 Analysis of the &x0201C;average air velocity circle&x0201D; in the roadway section
				2.1 Average air velocity circle
				2.2 Characteristic of the average air velocity circle
			3 Random pulsation characteristic of airflow
			4 Single point monitoring method of average air velocity
				4.1 Overall approach
				4.2 Accurate installation position of the air velocity sensor
				4.3 The average air velocity measured by the air velocity sensor
			5 Field Test
			6 Summary
			References
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