Advances in Human Factors, Business Management and Leadership : Proceedings of the AHFE 2021 Virtual Conferences on Human Factors, Business Management and Society, and Human Factors in Management and Leadership, July 25-29, 2021, USA

Advances in Human Factors and Ergonomics 2021
Preface
Contents
Business Excellence
Startups Born Out of Academia: Structural Pattern of Monetization Failures, Rectified
	1 Introduction
	2 Tendency of Lack of Focus on Business Development, Sales and Marketing?
	3 How Not to Fail, and How to Succeed
		3.1 Customer Management Relationship is the Key
		3.2 Not Focusing on Sales Process and Its Elements
	4 The Importance of Timing
	5 Development Tools
		5.1 Business Development Assessment
		5.2 Unique Competing Space
		5.3 Value Sales Process
	6 Conclusions and Recommendations
	References
From Globalization Towards Localization in Sales
	1 Introduction
	2 Culture
	3 Sales and Value
	4 Summary
	References
Sales Professionalism – A Practice Theory Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptual Tools
	3 Application and Methods
	4 Summary
	References
Future Investor Habits
	1 Introduction
	2 Unstable Youth
	3 Social Media Glamor and Playground
	4 Research
	5 Young and Ethical Investing
	6 The Importance of Education Saves
	7 Summary
	References
Business Management and Society: Business and Industry
Ecosystem-Based Development in the Transition of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
	3 Research Objectives, Questions, Methodology
	4 Ecosystem-Based Development
	5 Research Analysis and Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Business Model Innovation in Energy Businesses: Driving Factors, Trends and Implications for the Future
	1 Introduction
	2 Objective and Methods of the Study
	3 Discussion
		3.1 Energy Consumption: From Consumers to Prosumers
		3.2 Regulations: The Need of New Governance Mechanisms
		3.3 Utility Companies: Change in Business Models
	4 Conclusion
	References
Addressing Financial Barriers Influencing the Adoption of Solar PV: The Role of Business Models
	1 Introduction
	2 Objectives and Methods of the Study
	3 Discussion
		3.1 Power Purchase Agreement
		3.2 Loan or Financing from Local Financial Institution
		3.3 Dealer Financing
		3.4 Support on Net Metering Connectivity
		3.5 Sale and After-Sale Services
		3.6 Performance Measurement Tools and Guidance
		3.7 Buyback Installed Solar PV
	4 Conclusion
	References
COVID-19 in Relation to Business and Management: A Bibliometric Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Analysis and Results
	4 Discussion and Implications
	References
Educating Next Generation B2B Sales Experts: First Impressions of B2B Sales Competitions in South-East Asia
	1 Introduction
	2 Sales Competitions as an Educational Method
	3 SEASAC in a Nutshell
	4 Enhancement of Students’ Competences
	5 Practices in B2B Sales Education
	6 Matching with South-East Asian Regional Priorities in Education
	7 University-Business Cooperation
	8 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
Process Optimization of Advertising Articles Using an Integrated Strategy of Production and Environmental Care
	1 Introduction
	2 Development
		2.1 Analysis of Advertising Processes
		2.2 Data Collection
		2.3 Generating Options
		2.4 Reduction in Source
	3 Results
		3.1 Estimating Reduction Levels
		3.2 Calculation of Productivity Increase
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Influence of Energy Cost on Industrial Competitiveness in a Refined Tuna Protein Processing Company
	1 Introduction
	2 Process Analysis
		2.1 Energy Consumption
		2.2 Variables Correlation
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Information Sharing in Industrial Symbiosis
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Drivers and Barriers for Industrial Symbiosis
		2.2 Information Sharing in Circular Economy
		2.3 Information Flows in Circular Economy
		2.4 Digitalization and Circular Economy
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
		4.1 How Information Flows in Industrial Symbiosis and What Are the Gaps or Discontinuities?
		4.2 What is the Value Potential of Missing Information and What Are the Barriers to Share or Obtain It?
		4.3 How Companies See the Role of Digitalization in the Development of Industrial Symbiosis and Are They Willing to Take Advantage of It?
	5 Discussion
	References
An Effective Strategy for Safety Management and Enhanced Productivity in Construction Industry
	1 Introduction
	2 Safety in Construction Industry
	3 Research Methodology
	4 Findings and Discussion
		4.1 Implementation of EAP
		4.2 Use of Safety Tools
		4.3 Improvement of Safety Due to worker’s Skillfulness
		4.4 Reduction of Overtimes
	5 Conclusion
	References
Site Accidents in the South African Construction Industry: Cleaning the Augean Stables
	1 Introduction
	2 Site Accidents
	3 Measures for Curbing Site Accidents
	4 Research Methodology
		4.1 Results
		4.2 Discussion of Findings
	5 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Business Management and Society: Competences and Innovation
Examining the Complexities Between Policy Development and Innovation
	1 Introduction
	2 Defining the Issue
	3 Importance and Discussion
	4 Data Analysis and Findings
	5 Recommendations
	6 Conclusion
	References
Digitalization of Bio-Based Value Chains
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
	3 Research Questions and Methodology
	4 Bio Based Value Chain in Digital Context
	5 Conceptual Model for SmartBio Value Chain
	6 Conclusions
	References
Assessment of the Forecasting Capacity of the Bankruptcy Prediction Models in Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange in Chile and Brazil
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Conclusions
	References
Requirements for a Human-Centered Automotive Development Process: Results of a Case Study from the Perspective of Demographic Change
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Motivation and Aim of the Paper
		1.2 State of Research
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Case Study
		2.2 Industrial Project Concerning Demographic Development
	3 Results
		3.1 Findings from “Ergonomic Workplace Design”
		3.2 Findings from “Age-appropriate and Skill-appropriate Workplace Design”
		3.3 Findings from “Intergenerational Knowledge Transfer”
		3.4 Findings from “Personnel Development”
	4 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
Analysis to the Chilean Pension Fund System, Comparing Stochastic Technical Frontier and Envelop Technical Frontier Methodologies
	1 Introduction
	2 Technical Efficiency Frontier
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Conclusions
	5 Conclusions
	References
Peculiarities of Psychologists’ and Social Pedagogues’ Work in Terms of Quarantine
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Felt Justice. Correlations Between University Students and University Personnel
	1 Literature
	2 Research
		2.1 Initial Sample
		2.2 Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
User Survey Based on Household Product Consumption Experience
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Background
		1.2 Problem Discover
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Service System Design
		2.2 Previous Work
	3 Research Framework
	4 Results
		4.1 Field Study
		4.2 Quantitative Validation
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Model for Demonstrating the Benefits of Weight Health and the Monetary Value for Changing Obesity Treatment into an Investment
	1 Introduction
	2 Overweight and Obesity is a Complex Challenge
		2.1 Complexity of Treating Obesity
		2.2 Benefits of Reducing and Preventing Obesity and Overweight
	3 Weight Health as an Useful Health Paradigm in Preventing and Treating Overweight and Obesity
		3.1 The Concept of Weight Health
	4 Conclusions and Future Research
	References
Consumer Extraversion, Novelty Seeking, and Use of Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM)
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Framework
	3 Methods
	4 Results
	5 Discussion and Implications
	References
The Gap Between Theory and Reality in Retail Internationalization Research in China: An Analytical Perspective and Future Research Directions
	1 Introduction
	2 Current Situation of Retail Internationalization in China
		2.1 Actuality of Innovative Multinational Retailers from Developed Countries
		2.2 Actuality of International Retailers from Developing Countries
	3 Examination of Existing Research
		3.1 Theory of Retail Internationalization
		3.2 Limitations of Existing Research and Positioning of This Research
	4 New Analytical Perspective
		4.1 Value Network
		4.2 Value Network in Retailing
	5 Conclusion
	References
Exploring the Relationship Between Ethical and Sustainable Consumption in Short Supply Chains: A Literature Review
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Sustainable Development
		2.2 The Project SDGsConsum to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 12 and Challenges Due the COVID 19 Pandemic
		2.3 Sustainable Consumption on Pandemic Times
		2.4 Short Supply Chains
		2.5 Ethical Consumption
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
Purchase Decision-Making Factors of Cultural and Creative Products in Colleges and Universities Based on DEMATEL
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Factors Impacting Students’ Purchase Decision on Cultural and Creative Products in Colleges and Universities
		2.1 Literature Reading
		2.2 Introduction of Purchase Decision Impact Factors
	3 DEMATEL Analysis Method
		3.1 Introduction of DEMATEL Analysis Method
		3.2 Analysis of Questionnaire Survey Data
		3.3 Establishment of Cause-and-Effect Diagram
	4 Thinking Based on Survey Findings
		4.1 Improving the University Brand Construction
		4.2 Strengthen the Trans-Brand Cooperation
		4.3 Launch Various Products Based on Consumption Scenarios
		4.4 Conduct Innovative Design by Combining University Cultural Elements
	5 Conclusion
	References
Competencies Required in Future Working Life
	1 Introduction
	2 Theoretical Background
		2.1 Cycloid – Self-evaluation Application
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
The Effect of Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) on Companies’ Financial Activity Capabilities: A Case Study of SME-Companies in Finland
	1 Introduction
	2 Forecasting of the Financial Benefits of RDI-Investment
		2.1 Cash Flow Statement and Cash Flow Forecasting
		2.2 Estimating Return on Capital of the RDI-Investment with Cash Flow Earnings
	3 The Study: Methods and Data
		3.1 Size and Fields of the Companies
		3.2 Methodology for Dividing the Companies to RDI-Positive and RDI-Negative
	4 Results
		4.1 Difference in Cash Flow Earnings
	5 Conclusions and Future Research
	References
Adversity or Opportunity? Exploring the Effect of COVID-19 on Ghana’s Informal Economy
	1 Introduction
	2 Conceptualization
		2.1 COVID-19 Pandemic: Africa’s Situation
		2.2 The Informal Sector in Ghana
	3 Methods
		3.1 Research Design and Procedures
		3.2 Participants
	4 Results
		4.1 Factors Driving Entry into Informal Sector
		4.2 Adversity Due to COVID-19 Pandemic
		4.3 Opportunities Amidst the Pandemic
		4.4 Mitigating Measures to Reduce Impact of Pandemic
	5 Discussion
	6 Limitations, Implications and Future Research Directions
	7 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
Value Creation at the Private and Public Sector Interface
	1 Introduction
	2 Framework of Value Creation
	3 Research Approach and Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Psychosocial Toxicology and Mobbing in Mining Material Transport Drivers
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
		2.1 Inventory of Instruments Used
		2.2 Inclusion Criteria
		2.3 Exclusion Criteria
	3 Results
		3.1 Individual Conditions
		3.2 Intra-employment Conditions
		3.3 Stress Conditions
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Transforming Quantity Surveying Firms in South Africa Through Digitalisation
	1 Study Background
	2 The Use of Digitalisation Systems in Quantity Surveying
		2.1 CostX
		2.2 DimensionX
		2.3 PriMus TAKEOFF
		2.4 WinQS
		2.5 Building Information Modeling (BIM)
		2.6 Microsoft Excel
		2.7 Revit
		2.8 AutoCAD
		2.9 CCS
		2.10 Prism
		2.11 QSCAD
	3 Results and Discussions
		3.1 Tools Adopted by Quantity Surveying Firms
		3.2 The Benefits of Implementing Digitalisation in Quantity Surveying
	4 Conclusion
	References
Economic Challenges Facing the Adoption of Sustainable Construction Delivery in The South Africa Construction Industry
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Data Analysis
		2.2 Mean Item Score
	3 Discussion of Result
	4 Implications of Findings
	5 Conclusion
	References
Human Technology Approach to Governance
The Construction Professional’s Kanohi Kē: The Road to Purpose-Fit Selection for New Zealand
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Turnover
		2.2 Personality
	3 Research Method
	4 Research Limitations
	5 Data Analysis and Findings
	6 Conclusion
	References
How Much Immersive is Virtual Reality? Evidence from VR-Based Managerial Competency Assessment Tool Testing
	1 Introduction
	2 Framework of Immersive VR-Based Tool for Managerial Competencies’ Assessment
	3 Methodology
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Role of the Project Manager in Delivering Design-Build Projects
	1 Introduction
	2 Roles and Responsibilities of Project Managers on DB Projects
	3 Project Success Components
	4 Project Success Factors
	5 Linking Project Success Components and Factors
	6 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
Leadership in the Media Industry: Theoretical Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Leadership in the Media Industry
	3 Latest Research
	4 Conclusions
	References
An Improved Method to Determine the Weight of Evaluation Index Based on Group Decision-Making Theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Group Decision Making Theory Process
		2.2 AHP Process
	3 Examples
	4 Conclusion
	References
Human Factors in Work Environments
Influencing Parameters for the Development of Adaptive HMIs & Requirements for the Categorization of Control Functions Generated via Expert Knowledge
	1 Introduction
	2 Delphi Method
		2.1 Experts
		2.2 Expertise
	3 Research Questions
	4 Results
		4.1 First Round
		4.2 Second Round
		4.3 Overall Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Using ACDC Model to Characterize Temporal Leadership Dynamics in Dyad Cooperation
	1 Introduction
	2 Data Set
	3 Analysis
		3.1 Style of Leadership
		3.2 Fluctuations of Leadership Over Time
	4 Conclusion
	References
Human Behavior in Organizational Context
Designing Sustainable Organizations - A Framework with a Joint Focus on Wellbeing and Organizational Performance in Workplaces
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Methods
		3.1 Data Collection
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Leveraging Collaborative Crowdsourcing to Empower Workers to Improve Their Organizations
	1 Introduction
	2 Background: Collaborative Crowdsourcing Research
	3 GECKOS – Generating Employee Crowdsourced Knowledge for Organizational Solutions
	4 Challenges and Lessons Learned
		4.1 Designing a Crowdsourcing System that Can Successfully Support Collective Action by Workers to Improve Their Organization
		4.2 Conducting Research with, and Providing Value to, Our Partner Organizations and Their Workers
	5 The Future of Collaborative Crowdsourcing in the Workplace
	References
The Influence of Modern Information Technology on College English Teaching Under the Background of Educational Information
	1 Introduction
	2 The New Concept in Educational Technology Theories
	3 Approaches of Integration
		3.1 Connotation and Extension of Integration
		3.2 Overview of Previous Attempts
		3.3 Integration of Information Technology into College English Teaching
		3.4 Change the Assessment Method
	4 Conclusion
	References
Agile CMII: A Methodology for Assessing Social Project Impacts Within Agile Contexts
	1 Introduction
	2 Agile Transformation for Organizational Settings
	3 CMII Model: Background and Evolution Towards Agile Settings
	4 Agile CMII: A Proposal
	5 Conclusion and Next Steps
	References
Network for Disease-Specific Networking Strategy to Increasing of Public Value: Latvia’s Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Reform Policy Challenges to Improve Proliferation and Coordination of Clinical Services
		2.1 Transformations of the Value-Based Health Care Concept
		2.2 Networking to Enhancing Public Value
	3 Conclusion
	References
Author Index