Advances in Geosciences: Volume 10: Atmospheric Science (As)

CONTENTS......Page 10
Editors......Page 6
Reviewers......Page 8
1. Introduction......Page 14
2. Regional Mean Climate Condition Due to the QTP Heat Sources......Page 15
3. The Horizontal Distribution of  (Q1)......Page 18
4. The  (Q1)  Space/Time Variations......Page 20
5. Conclusions......Page 21
References......Page 22
1. Introduction......Page 24
2.2. Model simulation......Page 25
3.2. Model simulation......Page 27
References......Page 30
1. Introduction......Page 32
2. PAL System......Page 33
3. PAL Observation......Page 35
References......Page 39
1. Introduction......Page 40
2. Datasets......Page 42
3. Results......Page 43
4. Summary and Discussion......Page 50
Acknowledgments......Page 51
References......Page 52
1. Introduction......Page 54
2. The EASM’s Movement and Rain Belt in Eastern China......Page 57
3. The Abrupt Changes of EASM in Interdecadal Timescale......Page 61
4. The Variability of EASM and the Spatial Distribution of Rainfall in East China......Page 62
5. Summary and Discussion......Page 67
References......Page 68
1. Introduction......Page 70
2.1. The model......Page 73
2.2. Experiment design......Page 74
2.3. Diagnosis method......Page 76
3. Results......Page 77
4. Summary......Page 82
References......Page 83
1. Introduction......Page 86
2. Data and Procedure of Analysis......Page 87
3. Results and Discussion......Page 88
4. Conclusions......Page 93
References......Page 94
1. Introduction......Page 96
2. Tropical Pacific–Indian Ocean Temperature Anomaly Mode......Page 98
3.1. Rainfall and temperature in China......Page 100
3.2. Rainfall in India......Page 103
4. Impacts of the Pacific–Indian Ocean Temperature Anomaly Mode on Asian Climate Systems......Page 106
5. Conclusion......Page 107
Acknowledgments......Page 108
References......Page 109
Boundary Layer Phenomena Observed by Continuously Operated, Temporary High-Resolution Lidar Nobuo Takeuchi, Gerry Bagtasa, Nofel Lagrosas, Hiroaki Kuze, Suekazu Naito, Makoto Wada, Akihiro Sone, Hirofumi Kan and Tatsuo Shiina......Page 112
1. Introduction......Page 113
2. Monitoring System......Page 114
4. Data Processing of Lidar Data......Page 115
5. Features of Meteorological Data......Page 116
6.1.1. Summer case......Page 117
6.1.2. Winter case......Page 118
6.2.2. Winter case......Page 119
6.3.1. Summer case......Page 120
6.4. Appearance of cloud-top-boundary layer......Page 121
6.5. Frontal passage......Page 122
6.6. Sudden change of cloud height......Page 125
References......Page 126
1. Introduction......Page 128
3.1. Na layer observation......Page 129
3.1.2. Seasonal variation......Page 130
3.2. Atmosphere density and temperature observation......Page 133
4. Conclusion......Page 134
References......Page 135
1. Introduction......Page 136
2.1. Model features......Page 138
2.2. Estimation of the anthropogenic fraction in ADRF......Page 139
2.3. Uncertainty in anthropogenic ADRF......Page 141
3.1. Spatio-temporal variations of ADRF in IGB......Page 142
3.2. Anthropogenic contribution to aerosol DRF over the IGB......Page 143
3.3. Implications to regional climate......Page 147
References......Page 148
1. Introduction......Page 150
2. Principle — Faraday E.ect......Page 152
3.1. Experimental model......Page 153
3.2. Simulation......Page 154
4.1. Experimental setup......Page 156
4.2. Experimental result......Page 157
References......Page 159
1. Introduction......Page 160
2.1. Lidar system......Page 161
2.2. Background aerosol and cloud definitions......Page 163
3.1. Optical properties of BGA and water clouds......Page 164
3.2. Relationship between BGA and clouds......Page 167
3.3. Characteristics of dust clouds......Page 168
3.4. Source-dependent properties......Page 169
4. Summary......Page 170
References......Page 171
1. Introduction......Page 174
2. Model Setup and Experimental Design......Page 176
3.1. High-resolution simulation......Page 178
3.2. Resolution dependence......Page 179
3.3. Subgrid-scale updraft acceleration......Page 182
4. Summary and Conclusions......Page 185
References......Page 186
Ice-Nucleating and Optical Properties of Ice Cloud Seeded by Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) L. N. Biswas, A. Hazra, P. Maiti, V. Mandal, U. K. De and K. Goswami......Page 190
1. Introduction......Page 191
2. Experiment......Page 193
3. Theory for Optical Parameters......Page 195
4.1. Variation of crystal count and dimension with seeding temperature in case of DMSO......Page 196
4.2. Variation of crystal habit with seeding temperature in case of DMSO......Page 197
4.3. Identification of coating of Ammonium Sulfate dust with DMSO by NMR......Page 199
4.4. Variation of crystal count and dimension with seeding temperature in case of DMSOcoated Ammonium Sulfate......Page 200
4.6. Optical parameters when DMSO is seeded......Page 201
4.7. Growth and decay of crystals......Page 204
Acknowledgment......Page 206
References......Page 207
Impact Assessment of Global Temperature Perturbations on Urban and Regional Ozone Levels in South Texas Jhumoor Biswas, Kuruvilla John and Zuber Farooqui......Page 210
1. Introduction......Page 211
2. Model Description......Page 213
4.1. Base case model evaluation......Page 215
4.2. Spatial impact of perturbed temperature on peak ozone concentrations......Page 216
4.4. Spatial extent of ozone exceedances......Page 217
4.5. Number of 8-h ozone exceedances......Page 221
Acknowledgments......Page 222
References......Page 223