Advances in Environmental Geotechnics: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Geoenvironmental Engineering in Hangzhou, China, September 8–10, 2009

Cover......Page 1
Advances in Environmental\rGeotechnics......Page 3
ISBN 9783642044595......Page 4
Preface......Page 6
International Advisory Committee......Page 7
Organizing Committee......Page 8
Table of contents......Page 9
The 2009 Zeng Guo-Xi Lecture......Page 18
INTRODUCTION......Page 20
THE ROLE OF THE LANDFILL COVER......Page 21
LANDFILL OPERATIONS AND CONSEQUENT EFFECTS ON LEACHATE CHARACTERISTICS AND LINER TEMPERATURE......Page 22
LEACHATE COLLECTION AND CONTROL OF HEAD ON THE LINER......Page 23
SIGNIFICANCE OF WRINKLES IN A GEOMEMBRANE......Page 25
IMPLICATIONS OF LINER TEMPERATURE ON CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT (LEAKAGE AND DIFFUSION)......Page 26
GEOMEMBRANE PROTECTION......Page 28
LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF GEO-MEMBRANELINERS......Page 29
LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS......Page 31
CONCLUSIONS......Page 32
REFERENCES......Page 33
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE MATERIALS......Page 36
SOLID WASTE CHARACTERIZATION......Page 37
STATIC AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF BARRIERS......Page 44
ANALYSIS OF SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS STABILITY DURING EARTHQUAKES......Page 50
Introduction......Page 52
Site effects......Page 54
Attenuation relations......Page 55
Seismic response analysis......Page 57
QUALITY ASSURANCE......Page 62
INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING......Page 63
RISK ANALYSIS......Page 65
REFERENCES......Page 66
Invited Lectures......Page 72
BASIC ASPECTS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS OF THEORETICAL MODELING......Page 74
GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS......Page 77
ELECTROKINETIC REMEDIATION......Page 85
Reactions terms......Page 89
Non linearity of the water flow......Page 90
Saturation / desaturation effects......Page 91
ENHANCED CONTAMINANT EXTRACTION BY HIGH VACUUM......Page 92
OLD LANDFILL EXPANSION IN THE VERTICAL DIRECTION......Page 97
REFERENCES......Page 103
INTRODUCTION......Page 107
CHECK FOR STABILITY AND CONVERGENCE......Page 108
EFFECT OF αD, n AND β ON BREAK THROUGH CURVES......Page 109
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 110
Gradient based techniques......Page 112
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 113
REFERENCES......Page 114
INTRODUCTION......Page 116
THE BASIC CONCEPT OF THE VECTOR SUM METHOD TO CALCULATE THE SAFETY FACTOR OF STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING FOR SLOPE AND DAM FOUNDATION PROBLEBS......Page 117
CALCULATING THE SAFETY FACTOR AGAINST SLIDING FOR SLOPE AND DAM FOUNDATION PROBLEMS BY MEANS OF VSM IN 2-D CASES......Page 118
THE SLOPE STANDARD EXAMINATIONS BY MEANS OF THE VECTOR SUM METHOD......Page 119
DISCUSSION ON THE VECTOR SUM ANALYSIS METHOD......Page 120
ANALYSIS OF STABILITY AGAINST SLIDING BY VECTOR SUM METHOD FOR 3-D PROBLEMS......Page 122
3-D EXAMPLES AND COMPARISON WITH RESULTS BY DIFFERENT METHODS......Page 123
REFERENCES......Page 126
INTRODUCTION......Page 128
AMD GENERATION......Page 129
MAIN AMD CONTROL METHODS......Page 130
Cover with capillary barrier effects......Page 131
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OPERATING AND ABANDONED MINE SITES......Page 132
THE LORRAINE CASE STUDY......Page 133
Lorraine CCBE and Dolomitic Drains......Page 134
Volumetric water content and oxygen flux......Page 135
Water quality......Page 136
GOVERNMENTAL ACTIONS TO REHABILITATE CANADIAN ABANDONED MINE SITES......Page 137
REFERENCES......Page 138
Ariake Clay......Page 143
Batch Contact Test......Page 144
Column Percolation Test......Page 145
REFERENCES......Page 147
INTRODUCTION......Page 149
WASTE COMPOSITION AND SOLID-LIQUID- GAS INTERACTIONS IN MSW LANDFILLS......Page 150
Solid-Liquid-Gas Interactions in MSW Landfills......Page 151
Water Retention Characteristic of MSW......Page 152
Hydraulic Conductivity of MSW......Page 153
Water Balance in Landfills and Management of Water/ Leachate......Page 154
Control of Leachate Head......Page 155
Gas Generation Rate......Page 156
Gas Permeability of MSW......Page 157
Control of Landfill Gas......Page 158
SETTLEMENT OF MSW LANDFILL AND ITS IMPACT......Page 159
Primary and Secondary Compression of MSW......Page 160
Shear Strength Characteristic of MSW......Page 163
Slide of Waste Mass Along Weak Liners......Page 164
SUMMARY......Page 165
REFERENCES......Page 166
TDR MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND THE THEORY OF TRANSMISSION LINES......Page 170
MEASURING THE APPARENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT......Page 171
Measure Ka by Surface Reflection Coefficient......Page 172
MEASURING THE ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY EC......Page 173
THE APPLICATION OF TDR......Page 174
Control The Effect Of The Treated Soils......Page 176
Monitor the Ionic Contaminant......Page 177
REFERENCES......Page 178
THE GENERAL SITUATION OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE SANITARY LANDFILL......Page 180
TECHNICAL STANDARDS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS IN CHINA......Page 181
THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION FOR EXISTING SANITARY LANDFILL STANDARDS......Page 182
REFERENCES......Page 184
INTRODUCTION......Page 185
CLIMATE CONTEXT FOR COVER SYSTEMS......Page 186
BASIC FUNCTIONALITY OF A COVER SYSTEM......Page 188
FRAMEWORK FOR COVER DESIGN AS A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM......Page 189
The Physics of Saturated-Unsaturated Water Flow for the  REV......Page 190
Precipitation (rainfall and snowfall)......Page 192
Runoff......Page 193
Potential evaporative flux......Page 195
Actual evaporative flux......Page 197
Evapo-transpiration flux......Page 198
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF COVERS......Page 199
Initial Conditions......Page 200
Convergence Difficulties......Page 201
UNIQUENESS OF COVER DESIGN PROCEDURES......Page 202
REFERENCES......Page 203
INTRODUCTION......Page 205
LANDFILL CLOSURE AND AFTERCARE......Page 206
CRITERIA FOR RELEASE FROM AFTERCARE......Page 207
Quantitative Criteria for Leachate Quality......Page 208
Criteria for Properties of the Deposited, Degraded Waste......Page 209
CONCEPTS FOR THE AFTERCARE PHASE......Page 210
Landfill Gas Collection System......Page 211
Gas Collection System during Aftercare Phase......Page 213
Leachate Reinfiltration Technology......Page 214
COVER SYSTEMS......Page 215
Mixed-Grained Mineral Liners......Page 216
Geosynthetic Clay Liners......Page 217
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 218
REFERENCES......Page 219
INTRODUCTION......Page 221
Electrokinetic Phenomena......Page 222
Tailings Lagoons......Page 223
Laboratory testing......Page 224
Mineral sludges......Page 225
Mineral-based sludge lagoon......Page 226
Full-scale trial using EKG to dewater sewage sludge in situ......Page 227
Laboratory Testing......Page 228
Mineral sludge......Page 229
Organic–Sewage sludge trial UK......Page 230
Mineral–Diamond Mine Tailings SA......Page 231
Windrows......Page 232
REFERENCES......Page 233
INTRODUCTION......Page 234
Leachate treatment by plant-soil irrigation......Page 235
FULL-SCALE PRACTICE......Page 236
REFERENCE......Page 237
NAPL Transport Behavior......Page 238
Multiphase Flow in Porous Media......Page 239
Physical Modeling of LNAPL Transport......Page 240
SVE/AS Remediation Technology......Page 241
Theoretical Analysis for SVE/AS Remediation Technique......Page 242
Numerical Simulation of LNAPL Transport Behavior......Page 243
Centrifugal Testing Procedure......Page 245
Centrifugal Test Results for Stationary Groundwater......Page 246
Centrifugal Test Results for SVE Process......Page 247
Air Flow during AS Process......Page 248
REFERENCES......Page 250
INTRODUCTION......Page 253
A Riskier Society?......Page 254
SUSTAINABILITY CONCEPTS......Page 255
Sustainability Assessment......Page 256
Impact of Sustainability on Remediation......Page 257
REMEDIAL TECHNOLOGIES......Page 258
Permeable Reactive Barriers (prbs)......Page 259
INNOVATION IN CONTAMINATED LAND MANAGEMENT......Page 261
FUTURE CONTAMINATION......Page 262
REFERENCES......Page 263
INTRODUCTION......Page 265
JAPANESE STATUS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF CONTAMINATED SITES......Page 266
Chemical Compatibility of Bentonitic Barrier......Page 268
Experimental Methods......Page 269
Effect of Bentonite Additive Content......Page 270
Modified Rigid-wall Permeameter......Page 271
Experimental Results and Discussions......Page 272
REFERENCES......Page 274
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT......Page 276
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF CONTAMINATED SOILS......Page 277
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF CEMENT TREATED CONTAMINATED SOILS......Page 279
REFERENCE......Page 280
LANDFILL PHILOSPOPHY, PRACTICE AND PROCESSES......Page 282
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY......Page 283
LANDFILL: FUTURE CHALLENGES......Page 286
REFERENCES......Page 290
COMPOSITE LINER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE......Page 292
Liner Interface Strength Testing......Page 293
Waste Properties......Page 294
Numerical Analysis......Page 295
Long-term performance......Page 296
Transmissivity testing......Page 297
FINAL COVER DESIGN......Page 298
Case A......Page 299
Case B......Page 300
REFERENCES......Page 301
INTRODUCTION......Page 303
Effect of fabric length on shear strength......Page 304
Effect of fabric content on shear strength......Page 306
INTERFACE SHEAR STRENGTH OF COMPOSITE LINER BY DIRECT SHEAR BOX TEST......Page 309
LANDFILL STABILITY ANALYSES......Page 310
REFERENCES......Page 311
INTRODUCTION......Page 312
Principles of Contaminant Transport in Clay......Page 313
Principle of Centrifuge Modeling and Scaling Law......Page 314
Modeling Approaches......Page 315
Model Implementations and Test Setup......Page 316
Lateral Loading of Model Pile......Page 318
Modeling Advective-Diffusive Transport......Page 319
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 320
Pile Responses in Vertical and Lateral Loadings......Page 321
Contaminant Migration and Leakage Assessment at Pile Free Area......Page 323
Contaminant Migration and Leakage Assessment Due to Pile Driving......Page 325
RECOMMENDATIONS......Page 329
REFERENCES......Page 330
CHARACTERISTICS OF LOESS SOIL......Page 331
ADSORPTION KINETICS......Page 332
EFFECT OF LOESS DOSAGE......Page 333
EFFECT OF PH......Page 334
CONCLUSIONS......Page 335
REFERENCES......Page 336
THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL MODEL......Page 337
FREEZE/THAW BEHAVIOR......Page 338
HIGH TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR......Page 339
VAPOR MIGRATION......Page 340
CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR......Page 341
HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING......Page 342
REFERENCES......Page 343
INTRODUCTION......Page 345
Excavation and Off-site Disposal......Page 346
In-situ Natural Attenuation......Page 347
Vertical containment barriers......Page 348
Bottom containment barriers......Page 349
Surface containment barriers......Page 350
Stabilization and Solidification......Page 351
Pump-and-Treat......Page 353
Soil Flushing......Page 354
Reactive Zone Remediation......Page 355
Permeable Reactive Barriers......Page 356
Transformation by abiotic and biotic processes......Page 357
Sorption or ion exchange......Page 358
Phytoremediation......Page 361
Air Sparging / Soil Vapor Extraction......Page 363
Electrochemical Remediation......Page 364
Generation of in-situ reactive iron-rich barriers......Page 366
Ek-Phytoremediation process......Page 367
Thermal Treatment......Page 368
PERFORMANCE MONITORING......Page 369
SELECTION OF REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES......Page 370
REFERENCES......Page 371
INTRODUCTION......Page 387
Compaction Characteristics......Page 388
Swelling Properties......Page 389
Unsaturated Hydraulic Properties......Page 390
Unsaturated hydraulic properties under confined condition......Page 391
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY......Page 392
Microstructure of GMZ01 Bentonite under Unconfined Conditions......Page 393
VOLUME CHANGE BEHAVIOR......Page 394
REFERENCES......Page 395
MECHANISM OF LEACHATE TRANSPORT THROUGH LANFILL BARRIERS AND CRITICAL DESIGH POINTS......Page 397
INVESTIGATION OF LEACHATE TRANSPORT AT THE SUZHOU LANDFILL......Page 399
Soil Sampling and Laboratory Analyses......Page 401
Preliminary Results......Page 402
Types of Basal Liners......Page 403
Mechanism of Leachate Transport through Composite Liners......Page 404
A Review on Performance of Composite Liners for MSW Landfills......Page 405
Preliminary Study on Performance of Basal Liners Subjected to a High Leachate Head......Page 406
ALTERNATIVE EARTHEN FINAL COVERS......Page 408
SUMMARY......Page 409
REFERENCES......Page 410
INTRODUCTION......Page 412
Tested Soils......Page 413
SOIL WATER COMPOSITION FOR CEMENT TREATEDDM......Page 414
Cement Content and Curing Period......Page 415
Humic Acid Content......Page 417
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS......Page 419
REFERENCES......Page 420
Basic and Advanced Theories for Modeling\rof Geoenvironmental Phenomena......Page 422
INTRODUCTION......Page 424
Governing Equations for Electro-osmosis Process......Page 425
RESULTS OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION......Page 426
Excess Pore Water Pressure Distribution at Equilibrium......Page 427
REFERENCES......Page 428
INTRODUCTION......Page 430
DEFINE THE METHOD OF STRESS DROP BY PLASTIC POTENTIAL THEORY......Page 431
Experimental System......Page 432
Coefficent of Stress Drop Tests of Red Sandstone......Page 433
Coefficent of Stress Drop Tests of Granite......Page 434
CONCLUSIONS......Page 435
REFERENCE......Page 436
Old Landfill......Page 437
SITE INVESTIGATION......Page 438
FLAC 3D Modelling......Page 439
QUAKE/W Modelling......Page 440
CONCLUSIONS......Page 441
REFERENCES......Page 442
INTRODUCTION......Page 443
FUNDAMENTAL EQUATION OF MOTION......Page 444
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 445
REFERENCES......Page 446
INTRODUCTION......Page 447
DERIVATION OF NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS......Page 448
ANALYSIS......Page 449
CONCLUSIONS......Page 450
REFERENCES......Page 451
INTRODUCTION......Page 452
STUDY METHOD......Page 453
DISCUSSION......Page 454
RESULTS......Page 457
CONCLUSIONS......Page 458
REFERENCES......Page 459
INTRODUCTION......Page 460
DATA COLLECTION AND NORMALIZATION......Page 461
CLUSTERING ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC SETTLEMENT LIQUEFACTION SAMPLE BY SOM......Page 462
REFERENCES......Page 464
GREY PREDICTION MODEL......Page 466
Support Vector Machines......Page 467
Land Subsidence Prediction......Page 468
CONCLUSIONS......Page 470
REFERENCES......Page 471
INTRODUCTION......Page 472
Governing Equations......Page 473
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISCRETIZATIONS......Page 474
EXAMPLE OF SIMULATION......Page 475
REFERENCES......Page 477
Constitutive Relation......Page 479
Simultaneous Equation......Page 480
Model Verification......Page 481
REFERENCES......Page 482
INTRODUCTION......Page 484
GOVERINING EQUATIONS AND GENERAL SOLUTION......Page 485
FUNDAMENTAL SOLUTIONS FOR POINT LOADING......Page 486
NUMERICAL COMPUTATION AND ANALYSIS......Page 487
CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION......Page 488
REFERENCES......Page 489
INTRODUCTION......Page 490
FLOOD DISCHARGE ATOMIZATION INTENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION SCOPE FORECAST......Page 491
Seepage Mathematical Model......Page 493
Analysis of Computer Result......Page 494
REFERENCES......Page 495
Geometrical Parameters of Experimental Model......Page 497
Parameters of Experimental Material......Page 498
Parametric Affection Analysis......Page 499
Fitting Constitutive Relation Ships......Page 500
CALCULATING ANALYSIS......Page 501
CONCLUSIONS......Page 502
REFERENCES......Page 503
Test Scheme......Page 504
The Relationship Between ω and\' \'/mi m......Page 505
The Determination of Model Parameters......Page 506
REFERENCES......Page 507
INTRODUCTION......Page 509
IDENTIFICATION OF DAMPING RATIOS......Page 510
APPLICATION......Page 511
CONCLUSIONS......Page 512
REFERENCES......Page 513
Testing and Monitoring for\rGeoenvironmental Engineering......Page 514
LABORATORY FLUME TESTS......Page 516
Formation and Evolution of Sliding Interface......Page 517
Pore Water Responses......Page 518
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 520
REFERENCES......Page 521
INTRODUCTION......Page 522
Soil Specimen......Page 523
Testing Procedure......Page 524
Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soil......Page 525
REFERENCES......Page 526
INTRODUCTION......Page 528
RESULT AND DISCUSSION......Page 529
REFERENCES......Page 531
INTRODUCTION......Page 532
Column Experiment......Page 533
Batch Studies......Page 534
Column Experiments......Page 535
Arsenic Adsorption Capacity......Page 536
REFERENCES......Page 537
INTRODUCTION......Page 538
Experimental Design......Page 539
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS......Page 540
REFERENCES......Page 541
SOILS CHARACTERISTICS......Page 542
COMPATIBILITY TESTS: RESULTS......Page 544
REFERENCES......Page 546
INTRODUCTION......Page 548
TDR Travel Time Analysis......Page 549
TDR SSC Calibration, Temperature Correction, and Measurements......Page 550
Effect of Water Salinity......Page 551
Effect of Soil Type and Particle Size......Page 552
REFERENCES......Page 553
LNRSM in Lab......Page 554
Extraction of Saturated Soft Soil Microstructure Feature Values......Page 555
RELATIONS BETWEEN GRAIN FRACTAL DIMENSION AND POROSITY......Page 556
RELATIONS BETWEEN COHESION AND MICROSTRUCTURE FEATURE VALUES......Page 557
REFERENCES......Page 558
INTRODUCTION......Page 560
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD......Page 561
General Features of TMA-Modified Organobentonites......Page 562
Effects of Organic Cation Loading......Page 563
SUMMARY......Page 564
REFERENCES......Page 565
SITE DESCRIPTION AND MONITORING PROGRAM......Page 566
MONITORING RESULT AND DISCUSSION......Page 567
REFERENCES......Page 569
Municipal Solid Wastes and\rLandfill Engineering......Page 570
INTRODUCTION......Page 572
Test Procedure......Page 573
Deformation Profile and Strain Variation......Page 574
Computation of Water Breakthrough......Page 575
INFLUENCE OF THICKNESS OF SOIL BARRIER......Page 576
REFERENCES......Page 577
INTRODUCTION......Page 578
NON-LINEAR NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SHAKING TABLE TESTS......Page 579
SEISMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE LANDFILLS......Page 580
Permanent Displacement of Base Liner and Cover......Page 581
REFERENCES......Page 583
Samples Collection......Page 584
pH value......Page 585
Analysis and Discussion of Evaluation Results......Page 586
REFERENCES......Page 587
GEOMORPHOLOGY AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM......Page 588
SITE SPECIFIC UNDERGROUND CONDITIONS......Page 589
Recent (QIII+IV) Alluvial Sediments......Page 590
TECTONICS AND SEISMICITY......Page 591
RESULTS......Page 592
CONCLUSIONS......Page 593
REFERENCES......Page 594
Site Description......Page 595
Ambient Noise Method......Page 596
Spectral Ratio on Loess......Page 597
REFERENCES......Page 599
Net Infiltration......Page 601
Parameters......Page 602
Thickness of Vegetative Cover......Page 603
Monolithic and Capillary Barriers......Page 604
CONCLUSIONS......Page 605
REFERENCES......Page 606
Unit Weight of MSW......Page 607
Shear Strength of MSW......Page 608
In-Situ Tests of MSW......Page 609
Shear Strength and Deformation Properties of MSW......Page 610
3D Slope Stability Analysis......Page 611
REFERENCES......Page 612
INTRODUCTION......Page 613
MSW Volumetric-Gravimetric Relationship......Page 614
Waste Composition......Page 615
Waste Permeability and Void Ratio......Page 616
REFERENCES......Page 617
Determination of Parameters c and ϕ......Page 619
Determination of Parameters K and n......Page 620
Determination of Parameters K and n .......Page 621
Determination of Parameters G and F......Page 622
REFERENCES......Page 623
Introduction of Combination Failure Analysis Model......Page 624
Search of the Most Dangerous Failure Surface......Page 626
The Influence of Shear Properties Between Liners and Friction Angle Between Dam and Base......Page 627
The Influence of Geometric Characteristics of Landfill......Page 628
The Summary of the Sensitivity Analysis......Page 629
REFERENCES......Page 630
Bentonite Mixed Soil (BMS)......Page 632
Procedure......Page 633
Occurrence of Cracks......Page 634
Distribution of Calculated Shear Strain......Page 635
REFERENCE......Page 636
LINERS AND COVERS......Page 637
STABILITY OF COVER SYSTEMS......Page 638
Stability Along Textured Geomembrane – Geotextile Interface with Geogrid Reinforcement above the Geotextile......Page 639
CONCLUSIONS......Page 640
REFERENCES......Page 641
Test Samples......Page 642
Effect of the Amount of Pouring Difference......Page 643
Effect of the Difference of Poring Height......Page 644
REFERENCES......Page 645
Experimental Device and Method......Page 646
Experimental Shame and Method......Page 647
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSES......Page 648
REFERENCES......Page 649
MATHEMATIC MODEL......Page 650
MODEL APPLICATION......Page 651
REFERENCES......Page 653
Software’s Function Module......Page 654
Settlement Calculation Method......Page 655
REFERENCES......Page 657
INTRODUCTION......Page 658
Rainfall Patterns and Soil Properties......Page 659
The Influence of Rainfall Pattern on Infiltration Process......Page 660
REFERENCES......Page 661
Massive Construction Waste Created......Page 663
Facilities Damage Comparison......Page 664
REFERENCES......Page 665
BACKGROUND......Page 666
Investigation on Hydro-geological Conditions of the Landfill......Page 667
Layout of Experimental Areas......Page 668
Infiltration Capacity of Waste in Experiment......Page 669
Influence of Water Head on Long-Term Recirculation Volume of 1# Open Pit......Page 670
REFERENCES......Page 671
Sludge and Dredging Soils......Page 672
SHREDDED PAPER......Page 674
TEST PROCEDURES......Page 675
Soil Improvement by Mixing with Shredded Paper......Page 676
Soil Stabilization by Mixing with Stabilizers and Shredded Paper......Page 677
REFERENCES......Page 678
INTRODUCTION......Page 679
Electroosmotic Flow Rate......Page 680
Water Removal Effect......Page 681
REFERENCES......Page 682
INTRODUCTION......Page 683
INFLUENCE OF FILTER CAKE IN SLUG TEST......Page 684
MODIFIED LINE-FITTING METHOD IN SLUG TEST ANALYSIS WITH CONSIDERATION OF FILTER CAKE......Page 686
CONCLUSION......Page 687
REFERENCES......Page 688
Test method......Page 689
The Permeability Property......Page 690
REFERENCES......Page 691
INTRODUCTION......Page 692
Model Analysis and Input Parameters......Page 693
Comparison with Field Test and Numerical Analyses......Page 694
Amount of Soil Settlement and Lateral Flow......Page 696
Presumption of the Ground Behavior by Amount of Settlement and Lateral Displacement......Page 697
CONCLUSIONS......Page 698
REFERENCES......Page 699
COMPUTATION MODEL......Page 700
MATERIAL PROPERTY AND PARAMETER......Page 701
REFERENCES......Page 702
Sample Preparation and Test Method......Page 704
Influence of Chemical Solidification on Compressibility of Dredged Sediments......Page 705
REFERENCES......Page 706
INTRODUCTION......Page 707
IMPROVING SLUDGE......Page 708
REFERENCES......Page 710
INTRODUCTION......Page 711
REFERENCE......Page 713
DYNAMICAL NONLINEAR METHOD OF DAM UNDER EARTHQUAKE......Page 714
GRID SUBDIVISION OF FINITE ELEMENT......Page 715
RESULTS OF DYNAMICAL ANALYSIS......Page 716
PREFERENCES......Page 718
Geotechnical Reuse of\rIndustrial Wastes......Page 720
INTRODUCTION......Page 722
TEST RESULTS AND ANALYSIS......Page 723
REFERENCES......Page 726
Items and Methods......Page 728
Compaction Test......Page 729
Compression Test......Page 730
REFERENCES......Page 731
NTRODUCTION......Page 732
EFFECTIVE COAL ASH UTILIZATION AND CHARACTERISTICS......Page 733
MIX DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF COAL ASH PAVING BLOCK......Page 734
EFFECT COAL ASH ON STABILIZATION OF SUBGRADE......Page 735
CONCLUSIONS......Page 736
REFERENCES......Page 737
INTRODUCTION......Page 738
Test Program......Page 739
Direct Shear Test......Page 740
Triaxial Shear Test......Page 742
REFERENCES......Page 743
BACKGROUND......Page 745
Water Content Change Test......Page 746
Heavy Compaction Test......Page 748
IMPLYCATION TO PRACTICE......Page 749
REFERENCES......Page 750
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ASH MOLTEN SLAG......Page 751
CHEMICAL SAFETY OF ASH MOLTEN SLAG......Page 752
Calculation of Critical Bentonite Addition......Page 753
Unconfined Compression Strength......Page 754
Coefficient of Permeability......Page 755
REFERENCES......Page 756
SOIL PROPERTIES......Page 757
EXPERIMENTAL TARGETS......Page 758
PERFORMANCE OF THE IMPERMEABLE MATERIAL......Page 759
VALUATION OF DURABILITY HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION......Page 760
REFERENCES......Page 761
Test Conditions......Page 762
Test Results......Page 763
REFERENCES......Page 765
Characterization......Page 766
Adsorption Isotherms at Different Temperatures......Page 767
Effect of pH......Page 768
REFERENCES......Page 769
Contaminated Land and\rRemediation Technology......Page 770
AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC FERMENTATIONS......Page 772
Samples and Test Method......Page 773
Effect on aerobic and anaerobic fermentations......Page 774
CONCLUSIONS......Page 775
REFERENCES......Page 776
INTRODUCTION......Page 777
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR S/S PERFORMANCE......Page 778
STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF S/S TREATED HMCSS......Page 779
LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF S/S TREATED HMCSS......Page 780
REFERENCES......Page 781
INTRODUCTION......Page 784
Grain Size Analysis......Page 785
Atterberg Limits......Page 786
Direct Shear Tests......Page 787
REFERENCES......Page 788
Chemicals......Page 789
Mixture of ToX (150 mg/L) and TCE (0-30 mg/L)......Page 790
Mixture of ToX (350 mg/L) and TCE (0-30 mg/L)......Page 791
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 792
REFERENCES......Page 793
Decaying Transport Function......Page 794
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 795
REFERENCES......Page 797
Red Clay......Page 798
X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)......Page 799
Zeta Potential......Page 800
REFERENCES......Page 801
INTRODUCTION......Page 803
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 804
REFERENCES......Page 806
Soil......Page 807
Electrokinetic extractio......Page 808
Batch desorption Tests of Cadmium with EDTA......Page 809
Electrokinetic extractio......Page 810
REFERENCES......Page 812
Applications of Geosynthetics in\rGeoenvironmental Engineering......Page 814
INTRODUCTION......Page 816
ARRANGEMENT SCHEME OF MEASURING POINTS......Page 817
Characteristics of Lateral Earth Pressure......Page 818
CONCLUSIONS......Page 820
REFERENCES......Page 821
Test Results and Analysis......Page 822
Test Results and Analysis......Page 823
Results and Analysis......Page 825
REFERENCES......Page 828
Test Device......Page 829
Clamping System......Page 830
TEST RESULTS AND ANALYSIS......Page 831
REFERENCES......Page 833
POME TREATMENT SYSTEM......Page 834
BIOGAS......Page 835
GEOMEMBRANE......Page 836
Seaming......Page 837
REFERENCES......Page 838
Test Device......Page 839
Test Procedure......Page 840
Shear Behavior of Sand/Geosynthetic Interface......Page 841
Peak Shear Strength of Soils and Sand/Geosynthetic Interfaces......Page 842
CONCLUSIONS......Page 843
REFERENCES......Page 844
GEOMEMBRANE FLOATING COVER: AN INNOVATIVE SOLUTION......Page 845
Animal Waste Lagoon in Thailand......Page 846
DEPLOYMENT AND FIELD QUALITY ASSURANCE......Page 848
DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS......Page 849
REFERENCES......Page 850
Soil and reinforcements......Page 851
Soil, Reinforcements and Interface......Page 852
Tensile Forces in the Reinforcements......Page 853
The Principle of Displacements Method......Page 854
CONCLUSIONS......Page 855
REFERENCES......Page 856
INTRODUCTION......Page 857
Test Procedure......Page 858
GM Deflections and Strains......Page 859
COMPARISONS......Page 860
CONCLUSIONS......Page 861
REFERENCES......Page 862
Reinforced Concrete Base Board and Transmission Board......Page 863
PROCEDURE FOR GT/GM SINGLE-INTERFACE TEST......Page 864
Results during the Sliding Process......Page 865
REFERENCES......Page 866
Geoenvironmental Risk Assessment,\rManagement and Sustainability......Page 868
INTRODUCTION......Page 870
Variation of Urban Night Soil Transportation......Page 871
Urban Night Soil Non-hazardous Treatment......Page 872
Model of Night Soil Transportation and Treatment in China......Page 873
Problem of Urban Night Soil System......Page 874
REFERENCES......Page 875
Analysis of characteristics of river......Page 876
Reflection analysis......Page 877
Classification with Drainage Basin Super-Entropy......Page 878
The Trunk of Qingyi River......Page 879
CONCLUSIONS......Page 880
REFERENCES......Page 881
HAZARDS INVESTIGATION IN RESEARCH AREA......Page 882
The Structural Type of Traditional Adobe-Wood Building......Page 884
Seismic Loads......Page 885
Dynamic characteristics of traditional adobe-wood building......Page 886
CONCLUSIONS......Page 887
REFERENCES......Page 888
STUDY METHOD......Page 889
Ground Response Analysis......Page 890
Effect of Impedance Ratio on Amplification Factor......Page 893
CONCLUSIONS......Page 894
REFERENCES......Page 895
INTRODUCTION......Page 896
INFORMATION NEEDS POST- CRISIS......Page 897
DISCUSSION......Page 898
REFERENCES......Page 899
AN INTRODUCTION TO THE MAOPINGXI ROCK-FILL DAM......Page 900
STANDARD TO JUDGE HYDROFRACTURE FAILURE......Page 901
Calculation Principle and Method......Page 902
Calculation Parameters......Page 903
Stress at Asphalt Concrete Core Wall......Page 904
REFERENCES......Page 906
THE CASE OF OHRID LAKE......Page 907
THE CAUSES OF THE MISS BALANCE OF THE GEOENVIRONMENT......Page 908
REFERENCES......Page 909
The Basic Principles and Methods of Extension Model......Page 910
The determination of statistics unit in hazard zoning......Page 911
Evaluation model......Page 912
Dump hazard zoning results......Page 913
REFERENCES......Page 914
Ecological Techniques and\rCase Histories......Page 916
BACKGROUND......Page 918
Basic Hydrological Information......Page 919
Revetment......Page 920
Heron Habitat......Page 921
CONCLUSION......Page 922
REFERENCES......Page 923
Hydrological Geology......Page 924
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SATURATED CLAY FOUNDATION......Page 925
Microcospic Judgment of Liquefaction Potential......Page 926
REFERENCES......Page 927
GEOALOGY OF THE AREA......Page 928
GORGAN FAULT......Page 929
GEOTECHNICAL FEATURES......Page 930
REFERENCES......Page 931
MATERIAL OF GABION......Page 932
Retaining Structures......Page 933
Culverts......Page 934
Marinas......Page 935
REFERENCES......Page 936
FAILURE MODES ASSUMED......Page 937
Characteristics of Slip Circle Analysis......Page 938
Effect of column strength......Page 939
Effect of improvement area ratio......Page 940
REFERENCES......Page 942
INTRODUCTION......Page 943
Results of Scheme-1......Page 944
Resuls of Scheme-2......Page 945
REFERENCES......Page 946
PROPERTIES OF SITANG EXPANSIVE SOIL (ROCK)......Page 947
ORIGINAL AND MODIFIED DESIGNS FOR SITANG INTERCHANGE......Page 948
Filling embankment under the main line......Page 949
Flexible supporting method for cut slopes......Page 950
REFERENCES......Page 951
INTRODUCTION......Page 952
Geometric Modeling......Page 953
Length of Approach Slab......Page 954
REFERENCES......Page 955
Remaining Soil Methods......Page 957
Result analysis......Page 958
APPLICATIONS......Page 959
REFERENCES......Page 960