Advances in Cryogenic Engineering

Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Superconducting MHD Magnet Engineering Program....Pages 1-11
Impact of High-Current Operation on the Cost of Superconducting Magnet Systems for Large-Scale MHD Applications....Pages 12-18
Final Design of a Superconducting MHD Magnet for the Coal-Fired Flow Facility at the University of Tennessee Space Institute....Pages 19-29
Cryogenic Aspects of the UTSI-CFFF Superconducting Dipole Magnet for MHD Research....Pages 30-38
Safety Analysis of the UTSI-CFFF Superconducting Magnet....Pages 39-48
Engineering Aspects of Cryogenic Laser-Fusion Targets....Pages 49-60
Energy Transfer in a System of Superconductive Magnets....Pages 61-68
Thermal Cycle Tests of a Modeled Superconducting Transmission Line....Pages 69-80
Design of a 400-kJ Pulsed Energy Storage Coil....Pages 81-89
Operating Characteristics of a 1.5-MJ Pulsed Superconducting Coil....Pages 90-97
3-MJ Magnet for Superconductive Energy Storage....Pages 98-104
Conceptual Design of a 20-MJ Superconducting Forced-Cooled Ohmic-Heating Coil....Pages 105-113
Shape Optimization Study for a Three-Tunnel Superconductive Energy Storage Magnet....Pages 114-119
20-kA Power Supply for Large Superconductive Coils....Pages 120-126
Superconducting Generator Design for Airborne Applications....Pages 127-136
Superconducting Field Winding for a 10-MVA Generator....Pages 137-144
Conductive Armature Shielding Design Concepts for Slow-Speed Superconducting Generators in the 40- To 400-MVA Range....Pages 145-155
Optimization of Superconducting Cryoturbogenerator Field-Winding Parameters....Pages 156-162
Superconducting Compensating Solenoids for the Cello Detector Experiment at Petra....Pages 163-174
Construction and Test of the Cello Thin-Wall Solenoid....Pages 175-184
Quenches in the Superconducting Magnet Cello....Pages 185-193
Construction and Testing of the Two-Meter-Diameter TPC Thin Superconducting Solenoid....Pages 194-199
Superconducting Magnet System for the Spirit Cosmic Ray Space Telescope....Pages 200-206
A Maintainable Superconducting Magnet System for Tokamak Fusion Reactors....Pages 207-221
Prototype Low-Current Superconducting Quadrupole Magnet for Fermilab’s High-Intensity Laboratory....Pages 222-231
Superconducting Magnets of the Biomedical Facility at Sin....Pages 232-238
A Novel Thermometer Sensor for the mK Region Using the Proximity Effect....Pages 239-243
A Superconducting RF Notch Filter....Pages 244-250
Experimental Evaluation of a 1-Meter-Scale D-Shaped Test Coil Fabricated from a 23-Meter Length of Internally Cooled, Cabled Superconductor....Pages 251-260
Performance of Gas-Filled Thermal Switches....Pages 261-265
Transient Cooling of a Faultworthy Superconducting Electric Generator....Pages 266-274
Experimental Simulation of a Cryogenic System for a Large Superconducting Rotor....Pages 275-284
Rotor Cooling System for a 10-MVA Superconducting Generator....Pages 285-293
Safety Leads....Pages 294-299
Magnet Leads for The First-Cell....Pages 300-307
Thermal Control for the MFTF Magnet....Pages 308-316
Forced-Circulation Cooling System for the Argonne Superconducting Heavy-Ion Linac....Pages 317-325
Energy Doubler Satellite Refrigerator Magnet Cooling System....Pages 326-334
Cryogenic Support System for Airborne Superconducting Generators....Pages 335-341
Economics of Cryogenic Systems for Superconducting Magnets....Pages 342-349
Minimization of Refrigeration Power for Large Cryogenic Systems....Pages 350-357
Two-Dimensional Heat Transfer to Superfluid Helium....Pages 358-362
Heat Transfer to Helium-II in Cylindrical Geometries....Pages 363-371
Maximum and Minimum Heat Flux and Temperature Fluctuation in Film-Boiling States in Superfluid Helium....Pages 372-377
Transient Heat Transfer in Boiling Helium-I and Subcooled Helium-II....Pages 378-384
Heat Transfer Measurement with a Small Superconducting Coil Subjected to Transient and Quasistatic Heating at Temperatures between 1.8 and 4.2 K....Pages 385-392
Heat Transfer of Helium in a Pipe with Suction....Pages 393-397
Heat Transfer and Helium Replenishment in Cabled Conductor Cooling Channels....Pages 398-405
Measurements of Heat Transfer and Helium Replenishment in Long Narrow Channels....Pages 406-411
Vapor Locking and Heat Transfer under Transient and Steady-State Conditions....Pages 412-419
Forced Two-Phase Helium Cooling of Large Superconducting Magnets....Pages 420-430
Contact Heat Transfer in Solid Cryogens....Pages 431-437
Digital Computer Simulation of Voidage in a Regenerator....Pages 438-445
Simulation of Cooldown Underneath Large Cryogenic Storage Tanks....Pages 446-454
Transient Pool Boiling of Liquid Helium Using a Temperature-Controlled Heater Surface....Pages 455-466
Heat Transfer During Subcooled Hydrogen Boiling....Pages 467-475
Observation of Bubble Formation Mechanism of Liquid Nitrogen Subjected to Transient Heating....Pages 476-482
Natural Convection Heat Leak in Supercritical Hydrogen Tanks....Pages 483-488
Techniques for Reducing Radiation Heat Transfer between 77 and 4.2 K....Pages 489-499
Experience with an Orifice Flow Meter Installed in a Helium Refrigerator....Pages 500-505
Some Observations of a Free Jet Phenomenon in a 90° Sharp-Edge Inlet Geometry....Pages 506-520
Experimental Study of Flow Instabilities in Forced Helium Cooling Channels....Pages 521-527
Acoustic Oscillation Phenomena in Low-Velocity Steady Flow with Heating....Pages 528-540
Control of Pressurized Superfluid Helium-II: Application to Loss Analysis....Pages 541-550
Thermodynamic Optimization of Helium Liquefaction Cycles....Pages 551-562
A 50-Liters/Hr Helium Liquefier for a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage System....Pages 563-573
A Closed-Cycle Thermally Activated Regenerative Cryogenerator....Pages 574-584
A Study of Refrigeration for Liquid-Nitrogen-Cooled Power Transmission Cables....Pages 585-596
The Effect of Temperature on Impurity Adsorption from Hydrogen on Activated Carbon and Silica Gel....Pages 597-608
Effect of Nitrogen Presence on Solid Solubility of Normal Paraffins in Liquid Ethane....Pages 609-615
Solubility of Solid tert-Butyl Mercaptan in Liquid Methane and an LNG Mixture....Pages 616-619
Prediction of CO 2 Solubility in Light Hydrocarbon Mixtures at Low Temperatures....Pages 620-628
Melting Point Data for Freeze Protection in Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) Plants using Methanol Dehydration....Pages 629-639
Measurement of Isochoric P—V—T Behavior of a Nominal 95-Mol.%-Methane—5-Mol.%-Propane Mixture from Near-Ambient to Cryogenic Temperatures....Pages 640-653
Phase Behavior of Three Hydrogen-Containing Ternary Systems....Pages 654-661
Vapor Pressure and Heats of Vaporization and Sublimation of Liquids and Solids of Interest in Cryogenics below 1-atm Pressure....Pages 662-670
Simple and Generalized Equation of State for Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Calculations....Pages 671-681
Reduced Volumetric Expansion and Isothermal Compressibility Factor Plots....Pages 682-692
The Construction and Use of Exergy Diagrams....Pages 693-697
Densities and Dielectric Constants of LPG Components and Mixtures at Cryogenic Storage Conditions....Pages 698-708
Dielectric Properties of Liquid Hydrogen....Pages 709-714
World Market for LNG Trade—Present and Future....Pages 715-729
LNG Project Development: Shipping and Terminal Considerations....Pages 730-750
Marine Transportation of LNG at Intermediate Temperature....Pages 751-756
Explosion Hazards of LNG and LPG Carriers during Transport....Pages 757-762
Purification and Cryogenic Separation of SNG Produced from Coal....Pages 763-774
A Portable 3 He Cryostat for Studies in Astrophysics....Pages 775-782
Mechanism of an Active Phase Separator for Space Applications....Pages 783-790
Progress on the Development of a 3- to 5-Year Lifetime Stirling Cycle Refrigerator for Space....Pages 791-800
Superfluid Helium Experiment for Spacelab 2....Pages 801-809
Helium: Its Past, Present, and Future....Pages 810-821
Liquid Hydrogen as an Automotive Fuel....Pages 822-830
Liquid Nitrogen as an Energy Source for an Automotive Vehicle....Pages 831-837
Back Matter....Pages 839-852