Advances in Cryogenic Engineering

Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Commercial Realization of MHD—A Challenge for Superconducting Magnets....Pages 1-8
Cryogenic Aspects of the U.S. SCMS Superconducting Dipole Magnet for MHD Research....Pages 9-16
Fabrication Experiences and Operating Characteristics of the U.S. SCMS Superconducting Dipole Magnet for MHD Research....Pages 17-27
Design Study of Superconducting Magnets for a Combustion Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Generator....Pages 28-36
Design of Superconducting Magnets for Full-Scale MHD Generators....Pages 37-47
0.54-MJ Superconducting Magnetic Energy Transfer and Storage....Pages 48-56
A Superconducting 0.54-MJ Pulsed Energy Storage Coil....Pages 57-69
Design and Development of a Large Superconducting Solenoid with Aluminum-Stabilized Superconductors....Pages 70-77
Conductor for LASL 10-MWhr Superconducting Energy Storage Coil....Pages 78-87
Constant-Tension and Constant-Field Solenoids....Pages 88-96
Results from a Model System of Superconducting Solenoids and Phase-Shifting Bridge for Pulsed Power Studies for Proposed Tokamak EF Coils....Pages 97-103
Pulsed DC Losses in Superconducting Solenoids....Pages 104-109
Dielectric Strength of Helium Vapor and Liquid at Temperatures between 1.4 and 4.2 K....Pages 110-117
Experimental Simulation of Cryogenic System for a Large Superconducting Rotor....Pages 118-124
Development of a Helium Transfer Coupling for a Superconducting Generator Rotor....Pages 125-131
High-Speed Helium Transfer System—Evaluation and Testing....Pages 132-139
A Bonded-Strain-Gage Pressure Transducer for High-Speed Liquid Helium Temperature Rotors....Pages 140-145
A Method for Calculating Temperatures in Superconducting Rotors Cooled with Two-Phase Helium....Pages 146-150
Temperature Distribution in Rotating Thermosiphons Containing Two-Phase Helium in Nonisentropic Equilibrium....Pages 151-158
Basic Study of Superconducting Electromagnetic Thrust Device for Propulsion in Seawater....Pages 159-169
Design and Prototype Fabrication of a 30-Tesla Cryogenic Magnet....Pages 170-177
Production Test of Energy Doubler Magnets....Pages 178-184
Cryogenic Aspects of a Demountable Toroidal Field Magnet System for Tokamak-Type Fusion Reactors....Pages 185-196
Recovery Velocities for Composite Superconductors....Pages 197-203
Effect of Conductor Self-Shielding on Eddy Current Losses....Pages 204-213
Effects of Electrical Shorts on Cryostatic Stable Superconducting Magnets....Pages 214-218
High-Current Power Leads for Tokamak Fusion Reactor Superconducting Magnets....Pages 219-225
Vapor Locking as a Limitation to the Stability of Composite Conductors Cooled By Boiling Helium....Pages 226-234
Cryogenic Recovery Analysis of Forced-Flow Supercritical-Helium-Cooled Superconductors....Pages 235-244
Nonstationary Heat Transfer and Temperature State of Cryogenic Cable at Short-Circuit Conditions....Pages 245-249
Temperature Profiles in a Long Gaseous-Helium-Cooled Tube....Pages 250-254
Design and Development of Cryostable Superconducting Ohmic Heating Coils for a Tokamak....Pages 255-264
Two-Phase Choked Flow in Tubes with Very Large L/D ....Pages 265-275
Cryogenic Fluid Flow Heat Transfer in a Porous Heat Exchanger....Pages 276-283
Boiling Incipience and Convective Boiling of Neon and Nitrogen....Pages 284-294
Effect of Ice Contamination on Liquid-Nitrogen Drops in Film Boiling....Pages 295-300
Estimating Surface Temperature in Forced Convection Nucleate Boiling—A Simplified Method....Pages 301-304
Film Boiling of Liquid Nitrogen on a Sphere in an Enclosure....Pages 305-312
Effects of Natural Convection on Heat Transfer in Porous Cryogenic Insulations....Pages 313-325
Heat Transfer to Helium in the Near-Critical Region....Pages 326-332
Heat Transfer to Subcooled Liquid Helium....Pages 333-339
Kapitza Conductance of Aluminum and Heat Transport from a Flat Surface through a Large-Diameter Tube to Saturated Helium II....Pages 340-348
Oscillations and Hysteresis of Helium during Lambda Transition Above the Thermodynamic Critical Pressure in the Presence of Heat Flow....Pages 349-357
Helium II in Low-Temperature and Superconductive Magnet Engineering....Pages 358-362
Measurements of Axial Heat Transport in Helium II with Forced Convection....Pages 363-370
Frost Density Measurements on Vertical Cylinders by Gamma-Ray Attenuation....Pages 371-375
Computational Simulation of Rectifier for an Air Separation Plant Using the Newton-Raphson Technique....Pages 376-385
A New Pump for Liquefied Inert Gases....Pages 386-390
Determination of the Flow Velocity of a Cryogenic Fluid by Use of a Correlation Technique....Pages 391-396
Reliability and Repair Policy Assessment for Long-Duration Operation of Helium Refrigeration Systems....Pages 397-410
The Stirling Cycle Cooler: Approaching One Year of Maintenance-Free Life....Pages 411-419
Helium Refrigeration System for Fermilab Energy Doubler....Pages 420-430
Thermodynamic Optimization Study of the Helium Multiengine Claude Refrigeration Cycle....Pages 431-437
Cryogenic Refrigeration Concepts Utilizing Adsorption Pumping in Zeolites....Pages 438-447
A Regenerator with an Iron Whisker Matrix....Pages 448-455
Thermodynamic and Mechanical Design of the FNAL Central Helium Liquefier....Pages 456-466
A Conceptual Design of a Helium Liquefaction System for a 300-MVA Superconducting Generator....Pages 467-476
A New Laser Aerosol Detector and Monitor for Use on High-Pressure Gas Streams....Pages 477-485
Helium Storage at High Density and Discharge at High Flow Rates....Pages 486-495
Fast-Response Cryogenic Calorimeter Containing a 52-Kilogram Radiation Absorber....Pages 496-502
Alternate Sets of Fixed Points for Simplified Realizations of IPTS-68....Pages 503-511
Ultra-Low Dynamic Current Measurements with an RF SQUID....Pages 512-514
Reversible LNG....Pages 515-523
Economic Removal of Nitrogen from LNG....Pages 524-530
Internally Insulated Cryogenic Pipelines....Pages 531-537
Solubility Enhancement of Solid Hydrocarbons in Liquid Methane due to the Presence of Ethane....Pages 538-543
Predicted Solubilities of Methanol in Compressed Natural Gas at Low Temperatures and High Pressures....Pages 544-549
Thermodynamic Properties of Natural Gas, Petroleum Gas, and Related Mixtures: Enthalpy Predictions....Pages 550-560
Prediction of the Transport Properties of Natural Gas and Similar Mixtures....Pages 561-565
A Calculational Method for Obtaining the Density of a Liquefied Natural Gas....Pages 566-572
Density of Liquefied Natural Gas Components....Pages 573-579
VLE Calculations Using Temperature-Dependent k 12 Values for Methane-Containing Binary Systems....Pages 580-593
Liquid Mixture Excess Volumes and Total Vapor Pressures Using a Magnetic Suspension Densimeter with Compositions Determined by Chromatographic Analysis: Methane Plus Ethane....Pages 594-601
Vapor Pressures and Heats of Vaporization for Propane and Propene from 50 K to the Normal Boiling Point....Pages 602-610
On the Nonanalytic Equation of State for Propane....Pages 611-618
Thermal Analysis of a Helium II-Cooled Infrared Telescope for Spacelab....Pages 619-627
Liquid Helium-Cooled Infrared Telescope for Astronomical and Atmospherical Measurements from Spacelab....Pages 628-633
Operating Performance OF He 3 -Cooled Bolometers....Pages 634-639
Test Flight Results of a Balloon-Borne He 3 Cryostat....Pages 640-643
Development of a Burst Disk with a Temperature-Insensitive Vacuum Seal for Space Shuttle Propellant Lines....Pages 644-647
Large-Scale Cryopumping for Controlled Fusion....Pages 648-657
Performance of a Cryopump Cooled by a Small Closed-Cycle 10-K Refrigerator....Pages 658-668
A New Method for Producing Cryogenic Laser Fusion Targets....Pages 669-675
Development of Cryogenic Targets for Laser Fusion....Pages 676-681
Cryogenic Pellets for Laser-Fusion Research—Theoretical and Practical Considerations....Pages 682-689
Point-Contact Conduction-Cooling Technique and Apparatus for Cryogenic Laser Fusion Pellets....Pages 690-698
Cryogenic Handling of Polymeric Laser-Fusion Pellets....Pages 699-704
Equilibrium Constants for the Hydrogen Isotopic Self-Exchange Reactions in the 4.2- to 50-K Temperature Range....Pages 705-711
Cryogenic Freezing of Foods....Pages 712-720
Safety with Cryogenic Systems....Pages 721-729
Back Matter....Pages 731-747