Advanced Principles of Counseling and Psychotherapy: Learning, Integrating, and Consolidating the Nonlinear Thinking of Master Practitioners

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgments
Introduction: “Pass On What You Have Learned...”
	The Three Dimensions of Learning to Be a Master Therapist
		Nonlinear Thinking and Master Practitioners
		The Seven Essential Domains of Expertise
			Introducing the Seven Domains of Competence
		Developmental Processes
			The Level 1 Practitioner
			The Level 2 Practitioner
			The Level 3 Practitioner
	The Purpose of This Text
		Development of Mastery and “Deliberate Practice”
		How Will This Happen Here?
		Clinician Attitudes and Dispositions
		Deliberate Practice Elements
		Case Examples
			Nonlinear Thinking Exercises
			Examples of Masters at Work
	Conclusion
1 Advanced Nonlinear Thinking
	Advanced Nonlinear Thinking
		Inductive Vs. Deductive Reasoning
			Deductive Reasoning
			Inductive Reasoning
			Inductive Reasoning and the Use of Analogies
	Double-Binds
	The Socratic Method
		Socratic Questioning in Therapy
		Elements of the Socratic Method: Inductive Reasoning, Universal Definitions, Self-Improvement, and Clarification of Virtues/Values
		Therapist Qualities and the Socratic Method
	First- and Second-Order Change
		Second-Order Change
	Deliberate Practice, Expertise, and Creativity
		Creativity and Expertise
	The Connection Between Objectives, Strategy, and Tactics
		Objectives
		Strategy
		Tactics
	Conclusion
	Answer to the Missing Dollar Puzzle
2 The Basics of Paradoxical Interventions and the Strategic Use of Neutralizer Paradoxical Interventions
	Reframing: The Essential Precursor to Paradoxical Intervention
		Positive Connotation: Looking for Positive Meanings in the Negative
		Restraining: Advocating (Benignly) for the Status Quo
	What Is a Paradox?
		From the Practitioner’s Perspective
		From the Client’s Perspective
	A Metaphor for How and Why Paradoxical Interventions Work: The “Fulcrum of Change”
	Advanced Nonlinear Thinking and Paradoxical Interventions
	Categories of Paradoxical Intervention Strategy
	Neutralizers: The Primary Paradox
		How Neutralizers Work
			Neutralizing Disparaging Comments
			Neutralizing Aggrandizing Comments
		Power Struggles, Ambivalence, and Precontemplators
		Dealing With Precontemplators/Mandated Clients
		Neutralizing Client Compliments, Exaggerated Or Otherwise
	Conclusion
	Notes
3 The Strategic Use of Tranquilizer Paradoxical Interventions
	Definition
	Tranquilizers and Advanced Nonlinear Thinking
	Types of Tranquilizers
		Permission
		Postponement
		Prohibition
		Persuasion
	Conclusion
	Note
4 The Strategic Use of Energizer Paradoxical Interventions
	The Energizers
	Advanced Nonlinear Thinking and Energizers
	Nonlinear Listening and Energizers
	Types of Energizers
		Prosocial Redefinition
		Practice
		Pedagogism
	Conclusion
	Notes
5 The Strategic Use of Challenger Paradoxical Interventions
	Nonlinear Listening and Challengers
	Advanced Nonlinear Thinking and Challengers
	Types of Challengers
		Proportionality
		Prediction
		Prescription
		Positive Provocation
			Spitting in the Client’s Soup
	Conclusion
	Note
6 Humor in Therapy: A Special Case of Paradoxical Intervention
	Humor: Linking the Tragic to the Comic
	Why and How Humor Works
		Incongruity
		Timing
	Benefits of Humor
		The Benefits of Laughter
	History of Humor and Psychotherapy
	The Relationship Between Humor and Other Domains of Competence
		Humor and Nonlinear Listening and Responding (Domain 1)
		Humor and Assessment (Domain 2)
		Humor and the Therapeutic Relationship (Domain 3)
		Humor and Schema Dynamics (Domain 4)
		Humor and Emotions (Domain 5)
		Humor and Resolving Ambivalence (Domain 6)
	Humor and Irony
	Humor and Advanced Nonlinear Thinking
		Using Humor to Describe Advanced Nonlinear Thinking
	Humor: A Special Case of Paradoxical Intervention
		Humor and Neutralizers
		Humor and Tranquilizers
		Humor and Energizers
		Humor and Challengers
	The Clinical Use of Humor
		Humor to Build Rapport
		Humor to Relieve Tension
		Humor to Bring Awareness
	Warnings/Caveats About Humor
		In the Early Stages of Therapy
		Loss and Uncertainty
		Possibility of Self-Injury and Violence
		Dire/Desperate Client Circumstances
	Conclusion
	Answers to Riddles
	Note
7 Final Thoughts: Back to the Movies
	Mastery? There’s an App for That!
		Personal Characteristics of Master Therapists
			The Cognitive Domain
			The Emotional Domain
			The Relational Domain
	Applying Linear and Nonlinear Thinking to Ethical Practice
		Ethical Practice and the Change Objective
		Autonomy: Respect for the Individual
		Fidelity: Respect for the Truth
		Nonmaleficence: “Do No Harm”
		Justice: Doing What Is Right
		Beneficence: Doing What Is Good
		Veracity: A Commitment to the Truth
	Advanced Nonlinear Thinking, Paradoxical Interventions, and Resolving Ethical Dilemmas
	Conclusion: “Think Different…”
	References
Index