Advanced materials for electromagnetic shielding : fundamentals, properties, and applications

Content: List of Contributors xv1 EMI Shielding Fundamentals 1 M. K. Aswathi, Ajay V. Rane , A. R. Ajitha, Sabu Thomas, and Maciej Jaroszewski1.1 Fundamentals of EMI Shielding Theory 11.2 Materials for EMI Shielding 31.3 Mechanism of EM Shielding Materials 3References 82 EM Noise and Its Impact on Human Health and Safety 11 Halina Anio?czyk2.1 Introduction 112.2 Impact of Non?ionizing EMFs on Humans 132.3 Overview of Most Common Sources of EMFs in the Occupational and Residential Modern Human Environment 162.4 Protection Against EMFs in European and International Law 192.5 Assessment of the Level of EMFs in the Workplaces 222.6 Assessment of EMF Levels in Inhabited Area 252.7 Assessment of the Level of EMF From Hi?tech Equipment for Personal Use 262.8 Needs and Possibilities of Shielding to Reduce the Exposure to EMF 292.9 Summary 30References 313 Electromagnetic Field Sensors 35 Vishnu Priya Murali, Jickson Joseph, and Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov3.1 Introduction 363.2 How are EMFs Produced? 363.3 Electromagnetic Field Measurements 383.4 Conclusion 56References 564 Shielding Efficiency Measuring Methods and Systems 61 Saju Daniel and Sabu Thomas4.1 Introduction 624.2 Calculation of Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness 654.3 Effect of Various Parameters on Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness 694.4 Types of EMI Shielding Effectiveness Tests 714.5 Shielding Effectiveness Measurement Methods and Systems 734.6 Transfer Impedance of Coaxial Cable 844.6.1 Measurement of Transfer Impedance of Coaxial Cable 844.7 Measurement of Transfer Impedance of Conductive Gasket 854.8 Summary 86References 865 Electrical Characterization of Shielding Materials 89 B. J. Madhu5.1 Introduction 895.2 Basics of Electrostatics 895.4 Electric Fields in Materials 985.4.1 Dielectrics 985.4.2 Polarization 985.5 Dielectric Properties 101References 1056 Magnetic Field Shielding 109 Qiang Zhang6.1 Introduction 1096.2 Theories of Magnetic Field Shielding 1106.3 Standard Shielding Materials 1166.4 Multilayer Ferromagnetic Matrix Composite Materials 1216.5 Sandwich Composite/Structure Shielding System 1346.5.1 Fe/Fe?Al Alloy/Fe Sandwich Composite 1356.6 Summary 143References 1447 Recent Progress in Electromagnetic Absorbing Materials 147 Raghvendra Kumar Mishra, Aastha Dutta, Priyanka Mishra, and Sabu Thomas7.1 Introduction 1477.2 Core- Shell Structured Electromagnetic Absorbing Materials 1517.3 CNM? Based Electromagnetic Absorbing Material 1537.4 Graphene Based Polymer Composites for EMI Shielding 1587.5 Challenges and Prospect 160References 1608 Flexible and Transparent EMI Shielding Materials 167 Bishakha Ray, Saurabh Parmar, and Suwarna Datar8.1 Introduction 1678.2 Theory of Transparent EMI Shielding 1688.3 Transparent Thin Films for EMI Shielding 1698.4 Nanocarbon Based Flexible, Transparent EMI Shielding Materials 1708.5 Conducting Polymer?Based Flexible, Transparent EMI Shielding Materials 1728.6 Nanowire Based Flexible, Transparent EMI Shielding Materials 1728.7 Conclusions 174References 1759 Polymer?Based EMI Shielding Materials 177 Chong Min Koo, Faisal Shahzad, Pradip Kumar, Seunggun Yu, Seung Hwan Lee, and Jun Pyo Hong9.1 Introduction 1789.2 Types of Polymer Matrixes 1819.3 Polymer Composites for EMI Shielding Applications 1849.4 Structured Polymer Composites for EMI Shielding 2039.4.1 Foamed Structures 2049.5 Future Perspectives 212References 21310 Textile Based Shielding Materials 219 Julija Baltusnikait??Guzaitien? and Sandra Varnait?? uravliova10.1 Introduction 21910.2 Materials for Production of EMI Textiles 22010.3 Development Trends of Textile Based Shielding Materials 22410.4 Methods of Shielding Effectiveness Measurement 22810.5 Conclusions 232References 23311 Graphene and CNT Based EMI Shielding Materials 241 M.D. Teli and Sanket P. Valia11.1 Introduction to Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes 24111.2 Brief Outline of Synthesis of EMI Shielding Materials 24211.3 General Characteristic of EMI Shielding Materials 24511.4 EMI Shielding Properties of EMI Shielding Materials 24611.5 Overview of Structure and EMI Shielding Property Relationship and Their Applications 25111.6 Future Scope of Research and Application of these Materials 25611.7 Conclusions 257References 25712 Nanocomposites Based EMI Shielding Materials 263 Hossein Yahyaei and Mohsen Mohseni12.1 Nanomaterials and Nanocomposite Materials 26312.2 EMI Shielding Materials 26412.3 Electromagnetic Wave and EMI Shielding Mechanism 26512.4 Carbonous EMI Shielding Nanocomposites 26612.5 Other EMI Shielding Nanocomposites 280References 28413 Silver Nanowires as Shielding Materials 289 Feng Xu, Wenfeng Shen, Wei Xu, Jia Li, and Weijie Song13.1 Introduction 28913.2 Scalable Synthesis of AgNWs 29013.3 Fabrication of Shielding Materials Based on Silver Nanowire/Polymer Conductive Composites 29413.4 Properties of Shielding Materials Based on Silver Nanowire/Polymer Conductive Composites 29513.5 Conclusion 301References 30214 Advanced Carbon Based Foam Materials for EMI Shielding 305 A. R. Ajitha, Anu Surendran, M. K. Aswathi, V. G. Geethamma, and Sabu Thomas14.1 Introduction 30514.2 Carbon Hybrid Materials for EMI Shielding 30614.3 Conclusion 322References 32215 Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials for Aerospace Application: A State of the Art 327 Raghvendra Kumar Mishra, Martin George Thomas, Jiji Abraham, Kuruvilla Joseph, and Sabu Thomas15.1 Introduction 32715.2 Radiation in Space Environment 32815.3 Electromagnetic Radiated Field 33015.4 Electromagnetic Interference in Aerospace 33215.5 Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Mechanism for Various Materials 33615.6 Requirement of Shielding Materials for Aerospace 33715.7 Types of Shielding Materials for Aerospace 33815.8 Conclusion 354References 35516 Metamaterials as Shielding Materials 367 Yogesh S. Choudhary and N. Gomathi16.1 Introduction 36716.2 The Need for EMI Shielding 37016.3 Why Metamaterials for Shielding Applications? 37116.4 Metamaterials for Electromagnetic Shielding 37116.5 Design and Fabrication of Metamaterials 37816.6 Other Applications 38516.7 Challenges in Metamaterials 38616.8 Summary 386References 38717 Double Percolating EMI Shielding Materials Based on Polymer Blend Nanocomposites 393 P. Mohammed Arif, Jemy James, Jiji Abraham, K. Nandakkumar, and Sabu Thomas17.1 Introduction 39417.2 Concept of Double Percolation 39417.3 Carbon Black and Carbon Nanofiber Based Composites 39517.4 Carbon Nanotube Based Nanocomposites 40017.5 Hybrid Filler Based Nanocomposites 40517.6 Conclusion 407References 40718 Mechanical Performance Characterization of EMI Shielding Materials Using Optical Experimental Techniques 409 Wenfeng Hao, Can Tang, and Jianguo Zhu18.1 Introduction 40918.2 Characterizing the In?Plane Mechanical Performance of EMI Shielding Materials 41018.2.1 Digital Image Correlation (DIC) 41018.3 Characterizing Out?of?Plane Mechanical Performance of EMI Shielding Materials 41418.4 Characterizing the Fracture and Fatigue Performance of EMI Shielding Materials 41518.5 ConcludingRemarks 420Acknowledgments 420References 420Index 425