Advanced biomedical image analysis

CONTENTS......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 10
1 IMAGE ANALYSIS: A PERSPECTIVE......Page 14
1.1. MAIN BIOMEDICAL IMAGING MODALITIES......Page 16
1.2. BIOMEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS......Page 20
1.3. CURRENT TRENDS IN BIOMEDICAL IMAGING......Page 25
1.4. ABOUT THIS BOOK......Page 28
REFERENCES......Page 30
2 SURVEY OF FUNDAMENTAL IMAGE PROCESSING OPERATORS......Page 36
2.1. STATISTICAL IMAGE DESCRIPTION......Page 37
2.2. BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST MANIPULATION......Page 41
2.3. IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AND RESTORATION......Page 42
2.4. INTENSITY-BASED SEGMENTATION (THRESHOLDING)......Page 55
2.5. MULTIDIMENSIONAL THRESHOLDING......Page 63
2.6. IMAGE CALCULATIONS......Page 67
2.7. BINARY IMAGE PROCESSING......Page 71
2.8. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 76
REFERENCES......Page 81
3 IMAGE PROCESSING IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN......Page 83
3.1. THE FOURIER TRANSFORM......Page 84
3.2. FOURIER-BASED FILTERING......Page 95
3.3. OTHER INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS: THE DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND THE HARTLEY TRANSFORM......Page 104
3.4. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 107
REFERENCES......Page 113
4 THE WAVELET TRANSFORM AND WAVELET-BASED FILTERING......Page 116
4.1. ONE-DIMENSIONAL DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM......Page 119
4.2. TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM......Page 125
4.3. WAVELET-BASED FILTERING......Page 129
4.4. COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY-DOMAIN ANALYSIS TO WAVELET ANALYSIS......Page 141
4.5. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 143
REFERENCES......Page 148
5 ADAPTIVE FILTERING......Page 151
5.1. ADAPTIVE NOISE REDUCTION......Page 152
5.2. ADAPTIVE FILTERS IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN: ADAPTIVE WIENER FILTERS......Page 168
5.3. SEGMENTATION WITH LOCAL ADAPTIVE THRESHOLDS AND RELATED METHODS......Page 170
5.4. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 177
REFERENCES......Page 183
6 DEFORMABLE MODELS AND ACTIVE CONTOURS......Page 186
6.2. THREE-DIMENSIONAL ACTIVE CONTOURS......Page 206
6.3. LIVE-WIRE TECHNIQUES......Page 210
6.4. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 218
REFERENCES......Page 222
7 THE HOUGH TRANSFORM......Page 224
7.1. DETECTING LINES AND EDGES WITH THE HOUGH TRANSFORM......Page 226
7.2. DETECTION OF CIRCLES AND ELLIPSES WITH THE HOUGH TRANSFORM......Page 232
7.3. GENERALIZED HOUGH TRANSFORM......Page 236
7.4. RANDOMIZED HOUGH TRANSFORM......Page 239
7.5. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 244
REFERENCES......Page 247
8 TEXTURE ANALYSIS......Page 249
8.1. STATISTICAL TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION......Page 251
8.3. FREQUENCY-DOMAIN METHODS FOR TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION......Page 267
8.4. RUN LENGTHS......Page 270
8.5. OTHER CLASSIFICATION METHODS......Page 276
8.6. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 278
REFERENCES......Page 286
9 SHAPE ANALYSIS......Page 289
9.1. CLUSTER LABELING......Page 291
9.2. SPATIAL-DOMAIN SHAPE METRICS......Page 292
9.3. STATISTICAL MOMENT INVARIANTS......Page 298
9.4. CHAIN CODES......Page 300
9.5. FOURIER DESCRIPTORS......Page 304
9.6. TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS......Page 308
9.7. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 314
REFERENCES......Page 320
10 FRACTAL APPROACHES TO IMAGE ANALYSIS......Page 323
10.1. SELF-SIMILARITY AND THE FRACTAL DIMENSION......Page 324
10.3. ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES FOR THE FRACTAL DIMENSION IN GRAY-SCALE IMAGES......Page 340
10.4. FRACTAL DIMENSION IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN......Page 344
10.5. LOCAL HOLDER¨ EXPONENT......Page 350
10.6. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 353
REFERENCES......Page 358
11 IMAGE REGISTRATION......Page 363
11.1. LINEAR SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS......Page 365
11.2. NONLINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS......Page 368
11.3. REGISTRATION QUALITY METRICS......Page 373
11.4. INTERPOLATION METHODS FOR IMAGE REGISTRATION......Page 384
11.5. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 392
REFERENCES......Page 395
12 IMAGE STORAGE, TRANSPORT, AND COMPRESSION......Page 399
12.1. IMAGE ARCHIVING, DICOM, AND PACS......Page 402
12.2. LOSSLESS IMAGE COMPRESSION......Page 405
12.3. LOSSY IMAGE COMPRESSION......Page 413
12.4. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 421
REFERENCES......Page 424
13.1. GRAY-SCALE IMAGE VISUALIZATION......Page 426
13.2. COLOR REPRESENTATION OF GRAY-SCALE IMAGES......Page 429
13.4. SURFACE RENDERING......Page 435
13.5. VOLUME VISUALIZATION......Page 440
13.6. INTERACTIVE THREE-DIMENSIONAL RENDERING AND ANIMATION......Page 446
13.7. BIOMEDICAL EXAMPLES......Page 447
REFERENCES......Page 451
14 IMAGE ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION SOFTWARE......Page 454
14.1. IMAGE PROCESSING SOFTWARE: AN OVERVIEW......Page 456
14.2. IMAGEJ......Page 460
14.3. EXAMPLES OF IMAGE PROCESSING PROGRAMS......Page 465
14.4. CRYSTAL IMAGE......Page 469
14.7. ALGORITHM IMPLEMENTATION......Page 479
REFERENCES......Page 486
APPENDIX A IMAGE ANALYSIS WITH CRYSTAL IMAGE......Page 488
APPENDIX B SOFTWARE ON DVD......Page 510
INDEX......Page 512
COLOR PLATES......Page 526
Blank Page......Page 511