Academic Flying and the Means of Communication

Acknowledgements
Contents
Notes on Contributors
List of Figures
List of Tables
1: Introduction: Ending the Romance of Academic Flying
	The Holy Grail of Academic Aeromobility
	Ending the Romance
	The Beginning of the End
	References
2: The Carbon Footprint of Travelling to International Academic Conferences and Options to Minimise It
	Introduction: Transportation as an Important Field of Action Against Global Warming
	Conferences as Part of the Academic World
	The Example: ECPR General Conferences 2013–2020
	Method
		Calculating the Travel Distances
		Emission Factors
		A Realistic Estimation: Who Flies, Who Travels by Coach or Train?
	Estimation of Carbon Footprint: Baseline Results
		Total Emissions
		Emissions Per Participant
	Estimating the Impact of Carbon Reduction Measures for Academic Conferences
		Choosing More Central Conference Venues
		Promoting Low-Emission Travel Options
		Hybrid Conferences as an Alternative to Regular Attendance
		Combined Effects of All Three Actions
		The Carbon Footprint of Online Conferences: The Example of the Virtual ECPR GC 2020
		For Comparison: Other Possible Actions to Reduce Conference Emissions
	Conclusion and Recommendations for Concrete Actions
	References
3: The End of Flying: Coronavirus Confinement, Academic (Im)mobilities and Me
	Introduction: The Hypermobile Academic
	Coming Clean: My Academic CO2 Footprint
	The Value Proposition of Academic Travel
	The Virtues of Virtual Mobilities
	Conclusion: Flying After the End of Flying
	Appendix: Itinerarium vitae of Mimi Sheller, 2010–2020
	References
4: The Absent Presence of Aeromobility: A Case of Australian Academic Air Travel Practices and University Policy
	Introduction
	Conceptual Framework
	Methods
	Mobile Academics
	Absent Presence in University Internationalisation
	Absent Presence in University Sustainability Policy
	Conclusion
	References
5: How Environmentally Sustainable Is the Internationalisation of Higher Education? A View from Australia
	Introduction
	Australian Universities and the Sustainability Imperative
	Air Travel on the Part of University Staff
	Air Travel on the Part of University Students
	Australian Universities in the Aftermath of COVID-19
	A Case Study from the University of Melbourne
		Air Travel on the Part of University Staff
		Sustainability Policy on Staff Air Travel at the University of Melbourne
		Observations at Two University of Melbourne Events
		Air Travel on Part of University of Melbourne Students
	Conclusion
	References
6: Who Gets to Fly?
	The Challenge of the Century
	Reducing CO2 Emissions in Academia
	Reducing Flying at KTH
	Material Visualisations
	Inequalities in Flight Distribution at KTH
	Discussion
	References
7: Exceptionalism and Evasion: How Scholars Reason About Air Travel
	Background
	Method and Context of Study
	Findings: Specific Solutions and General Inertia
		Suggestions to Change
		Arguments of Inertia
		Agency
	Discussion
	Conclusion
	References
8: Academic Aeromobility in the Global Periphery
	Introduction
	Aeromobility in the Global Academic Periphery
	Empirical Materials
	Results
		Complex Drivers
		Selective Substitution
		‘Don’t weaken me!’
		Assorted Scalar Accountabilities
	The COVID-19 Acceleration
	Conferences Reimagined: Entrenching a Post-COVID New Normal
	Conclusion
	References
9: The Virus and the Elephant in the Room: Knowledge, Emotions and a Pandemic—Drivers to Reducing Flying in Academia
	Theoretical Background
	The Swedish Case and the Rise of the Flight Shame Debate
	What Makes Scientists Reduce Flying?
		Climate Awareness and Sorrow as Incentives to Reduce
		Individual Responsibility and the Forced Air Travel Stop
		A New Virus and New Travel Habits
		Flying Less Affects Personal Life More than Career
		COVID-19 as a Testbed and Tipping Point: Academic Flying in a Post-pandemic World
	Concluding Remarks
	References
10: Decarbonising Academia’s Flyout Culture
	Introduction
	Academic Flight
		The Extent and Impact of Academic Flying
		Pressures to Decarbonise and the Role of Flying in Those Efforts
	Six Values of Flyout Culture
		Value of Ideas
		Value of Efficiency
		Value of Quality
		Value of Evaluation
		Value of Recreation
		Value of Status
	How Flyout Culture Might Change
		Buying Carbon Offsets
		Shifting Travel Modes
		Centralised, Infrequent or Slow Conferencing
		Virtual Communication
	What New Values Might Arise?
		Value of Localism
		Value of Climate Concern
		Value of Emissions Transparency
		Value of Verification
		What Might Be Gained and What Might Be Lost
	How Flyout Culture Might Resist Change
	Conclusion
	References
11: Aeromobilities and Academic Work
	Introduction
	Global Work and Aeromobilities
	The Change in Academic Work
	Why Do Academics Travel?
	The Need for Co-presence and Face-to-Face Talks
	Facing the Conference
	Aeromobility: Freedom to Travel?
	Do Meetings Have a Future?
	Aeromobility Management: A Way to Work with Air Travel and Meeting Demands at Universities
	Conclusion and Perspectives
	References
12: Means and Meanings of Research Collaboration in the Face of a Suffering Earth: A Landscape of Questions
	Introduction: Where on Earth Are We?
	The Importance of Academic Collaboration and Expertise (Erkenntnis)
	Beyond ‘Technical Solutions’: Geographies and Materialities of Digital Presence and Absence in Collaborative Research
	Building Understanding: Three Questions for Increased Awareness
	Action and Commitment to Change
	References
13: Academic Air Travel Cultures: A Framework for Reducing Academic Flying
	Introduction
	Why Do Academics Fly?
	Issues Concerning Academic Flying
	The Energy Cultures Framework
	The Impact of COVID-19: Rethinking Academic Air Travel
	The Transport Cultures Framework of Academic Flying
	Cognitive Norms
	Material Cultures
	Practices
	Applying the Framework to the Post-COVID New Normal
	Conclusions
	References
Index