A Sociolinguistic History of Parisian French

Maps......Page 8
Tables......Page 9
Figures......Page 10
Acknowledgments......Page 11
Phonetic symbols......Page 12
Part 1.Preliminaries......Page 14
Introduction......Page 16
1.1 Traditional approaches......Page 18
1.2 A sociolinguistic approach......Page 22
1.3 The ‘French of Paris’......Page 27
2.1 The data problem......Page 30
2.2 European urbanisation, 1000–1950......Page 37
2.3 Urban dialect formation......Page 40
2.4 Summary......Page 45
Part 2.The pre-industrial city......Page 48
3.1 The early history......Page 50
3.2 The demographic take-off......Page 52
3.3 The city and its hinterland......Page 56
3.4 The functions of the city......Page 61
3.5 The social structure of the city......Page 63
3.6 Summary......Page 65
4.1 The hinterland dialect......Page 66
4.2 Koin´eisation, the standard language and Parisian speech......Page 84
4.3 Summary......Page 92
5 The medieval written evidence......Page 93
5.1 Manuscript evidence......Page 94
5.2 Variation and change in the administrative corpus......Page 98
5.3 Language diversity in medieval Paris......Page 110
5.4 Summary......Page 114
Part 3.The proto-industrial city......Page 116
6 Social and sociolinguistic change, 1350–1750......Page 118
6.1 Demography and society in the proto-industrial city......Page 119
6.2 Reallocation......Page 129
6.3 Summary......Page 136
7.1 Growing awareness of social differentiation......Page 137
7.2 The most salient variables......Page 143
7.3 The ‘Urban Peasant’......Page 148
7.4 Personal correspondence......Page 155
7.5 Summary......Page 159
8 Variation under the Ancien R´egime......Page 161
8.1 A mid seventeenth-century sounding, c.1650......Page 163
8.2 A mid eighteenth-century sounding, c.1750......Page 173
8.3 Summary......Page 182
9.1 Salience and imitation......Page 184
9.2 Morphological variation and change......Page 188
9.3 Phonological variation and change......Page 192
9.4 Summary......Page 203
Part 4.The industrial city......Page 204
10 Industrial growth, 1750–1950......Page 206
10.1 Demographic change......Page 207
10.2 Social change......Page 210
10.3 Cultural change......Page 213
10.4 Data-sources......Page 215
10.5 Summary......Page 217
11 Standardisation and dialect-levelling......Page 218
11.1 Standardisation......Page 219
11.2 Dialect-levelling......Page 229
11.3 Aristide Bruant......Page 236
11.4 Summary......Page 239
12 Lexical variation......Page 241
12.1 Lexical variation and social structure......Page 242
12.2 Register variation......Page 244
12.3 Social dialect variation......Page 250
12.4 Summary......Page 261
Conclusion......Page 262
Appendix. Literary imitations oflow-class speech......Page 264
Bibliography......Page 280