A Guide to Sustainable Corporate Responsibility. From Theory to Action

Preface
Contents
Acronyms
List of Figures
1: Introduction
	1.1	 A Description of the Content of the Book
	References
2: Sustainable Corporate Responsibility
	2.1	 The Corporation
	2.2	 Limits to Growth: From an Environmental Perspective
	2.3	 The United Nations
	2.4	 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) 1948
	2.5	 United Nations and Sustainable Development: Our Common Future (1987)
	2.6	 UN and Sustainable Development (UNCED): The Rio Conference 1992
	2.7	 Corporate Engagement on Responsibility: From Reactive to Proactive
	2.8	 UN Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20, 2012
	2.9	 Responsibility: From an Ethical Point of View
		Virtue Ethics
		Duty Ethics Deontological Ethics
		Utilitarianism and Consequentialism
	2.10	 From Environmental Concern to Corporate (Social) Responsibility (C(S)R) and Sustainability: A History
	References
3: Economic Theories and Sustainable Development
	3.1	 Economists Skeptical to the Societal Pursuit of Economic Growth
	3.2	 Examples of Key Economists Anchored in Economic Growth
		Adam Smith (1723–1790), The Father of Economic Theory
			Adam Smith and Sustainable Development
		John M Keynes (1883–1946), Macroeconomics
			John M Keynes and Sustainable Development
		Milton Friedman (1912–2006), Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits
			Milton Friedman and Sustainable Development
	3.3	 More Views on the Theories of the Responsibility of Individuals and Business Leaders
		J. Maurice Clark (1884–1963), From Individualism to Social Mindedness
			J. Maurice Clark and Sustainable Development
		Howard Bowen (1908–1989), Social Responsibilities of the Businessman
			Howard Bowen and Sustainable Development
	3.4	 Economic Growth, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Sustainable Development
	3.5	 Business Theory for Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability
		The CSR Pyramid
		Stakeholder Theory
		The Triple Bottom Line
		Creating Shared Value
	3.6	 Trends and Theories Capturing the Sustainability Issues in Business Models
	References
4: Key Tools for Social- and Environmental Performance, and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
	4.1	 UN Global Compact, 2000
		Why and How Is the UN Global Compact Relevant for Businesses in Practice?
	4.2	 UN Millennium Development Goals, 2000
		Why and How Are the Millennium Development Goals Relevant for Businesses in Practice?
	4.3	 The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, 2011
		Why and How Are the UNGP Relevant for Businesses in Practice?
	4.4	 UN Sustainable Development Goals, 2015
		What Do the 17 Goals Contain?
	4.5	 Why and How Are the SDGs Relevant for Business?
		SDGs in Practice: A Case
	4.6	 Additional Relevant Initiatives and Tools for Sustainable Performance
		Initiatives for Certifications
		Greenhouse and Climate Reporting
		Sustainability Reporting Frameworks
		Supply Chain Guidance, Transparency, and Mandatory Due Diligence
	References
5: The Business Case for Sustainability
	5.1	 Who Initiates Sustainability Focus in Companies: And What Is the Outcome?
	5.2	 Perception of Management Motivation for Social Responsibility
	5.3	 The Value of Corporate Responsibility in a Sustainable Setting
	5.4	 Stages and Strategies Toward Responsible Sustainable Business
	5.5	 Four Cases: Nike, Arthur Anders, Volkswagen, and Rana Plaza
	5.6	 Response Analysis of the Four Cases
		Stage 1: Ignore
		Stage 2: React
		Stage 3: Defend
		Stage 4: Accommodate
		Stage 5: Proactive
	5.7	 Business Models for Sustainability
	References
6: Circular Economy: New Business Models
	6.1	 Why Do We Have a Liner Economy: Generating So Much Waste?
	6.2	 Key Elements in Circular Economy
	6.3	 Refuse and Reduce: Using Less
	6.4	 Reuse: Extending the Life of Products
	6.5	 Challenges and Opportunities in a Circular Economy: The Impact of Law and Regulations
	6.6	 From Product to Service
	References
7: Strategy to Approach Sustainability in Companies: A Step by Step Model
	7.1	 Step 1: ANCHOR in Top Management and INTEGRATE Throughout the Company
	7.2	 Step 2: MAP
		Materiality Assessment
		Current Situation and Goal Drafting
	7.3	 Step 3: TEST
	7.4	 Step 4: LAUNCH
	7.5	 Step 5: IMPLEMENT
	7.6	 Step 6: REPORT
	References
8: Stakeholder Management
	8.1	 Owners, Shareholders, and Managers
	8.2	 Employees
	8.3	 Governments: The Public Sector
	8.4	 Suppliers
	8.5	 Customers
	8.6	 Non-Governmental Organizations
		How to Develop a Constructive Win-Win(-win) Partnership with a NGO?
		How Corporations Collaborate with Different Stakeholders: Some Examples
	8.7	 Other Stakeholder: Journalists, Social Media, Researchers, and More
	References
9: Sustainability and Finance: Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG)
	9.1	 Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)
	9.2	 The EU Taxonomy
	9.3	 To Which Extent Does Focus on Sustainability and Applying the “Right” ESG Impact Profit?
	9.4	 SRI Strategies
	9.5	 Investors’ Dilemma: What Is a Sustainable and Responsible Company?
	9.6	 The Norwegian Pension Fund
	9.7	 The Effect of Sustainable Investment Focus in a Long-term Perspective
	References
10: Anti-corruption
	10.1	 Key Elements in a Plan for Anti-corruption
	10.2	 Anti-corruption Regulations and Corporate Policies—and Effect
	10.3	 Key Anti-corruption Challenges
	10.4	 Social Norms and Anti-corruption
	10.5	 From the Grand Scandals to Petty Corruption
	References
11: Sustainability in Developing Countries: Case Sub-Saharan Africa
	11.1	 A Look Backward: Why Is the Situation as It Is?
	11.2	 Lessons Learned from Over 50 Years of Aid
	11.3	 Reduce Export of Non-manufactured Natural Resources
	11.4	 Involve Stakeholders and Collaborate Throughout the Supply Chain
	11.5	 Manufacture Products from Local Resources for Local Consumption and Export
	11.6	 Make Being a Farmer More Attractable
	11.7	 Reflect on What Is the Goal for Development
	References
12: The Way Forward: Is Sustainable Development Realistic?
	12.1	 What Do We Really Want?
	12.2	 Happiness
	References
References
Index