مشخصات کتاب

A grammar of Momu, a language of Papua New Guinea

ویرایش:  
نویسندگان: Thomas Honeyman  
سری:  
 
ناشر: The Australian National University 
سال نشر: 2016 
تعداد صفحات: 700 
زبان: English 
فرمت فایل : PDF (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود) 
حجم فایل: 9 مگابایت 

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فهرست مطالب

1 Introduction
	1.1 The Momu language and its speakers
		1.1.1 Momu the language
		1.1.2 Economic and cultural life
		1.1.3 Language use in the community
	1.2 Previous work
	1.3 Fieldwork for this study
	1.4 Consultants
	1.5 Materials collected
	1.6 Approaches to grammar writing
	1.7 A brief typological overview
2 Phonology
	2.1 Phoneme inventory
		2.1.1 Vowel inventory
			2.1.1.1 /e/ 
			2.1.1.2 /ε/ 
			2.1.1.3 /a/ 
			2.1.1.4 /ɔ/ 
			2.1.1.5 /o/ 
			2.1.1.6 Long vowels
		2.1.2 Consonant inventory
		2.1.3 Glide inventory
		2.1.4 Diphthong inventory
			2.1.4.1 /Ve/ diphthongs
			2.1.4.2 Mid-high vowel and glide diphthongs
			2.1.4.3 Long high vowels
	2.2 Practical orthography and transcription conventions
	2.3 Phonotactics
		2.3.1 Vowels
		2.3.2 Consonants
			2.3.2.1 Word-initial consonant clusters
			2.3.2.2 Word-final consonant clusters
			2.3.2.3 Gemination
			2.3.2.4 Medial CC clusters
	2.4 Syllabification
		2.4.1 Simple monosyllabic forms
		2.4.2 Complex onsets and codas
		2.4.3 Complex word-final clusters arising from suffixing
		2.4.4 Polysyllabic forms
		2.4.5 An aside on underlyingly vowelless forms
	2.5 Morphophonology
		2.5.1 Subject marking
			2.5.1.1 GC metathesis
			2.5.1.2 VV-final vowel deletion
			2.5.1.3 Rounding
		2.5.2 Other rounding processes
		2.5.3 Verb-stem-final segment deletion
		2.5.4 Raising
		2.5.5 Gemination
		2.5.6 Doubled vowels
		2.5.7 Final CG glide deletion
	2.6 Borrowing, contact and change
		2.6.1 Borrowing
		2.6.2 Contact and Change
3 Word Classes
	3.1 Verbs
		3.1.1 Intransitive verbs
			3.1.1.1 Existential verbs
			3.1.1.2 Inchoative verbs
			3.1.1.3 Stative -nu verbs
		3.1.2 Transitive Verbs
			3.1.2.1 High-transitive verbs
			3.1.2.2 Low-Transitive verbs
			3.1.2.3 Ditransitive verb
	3.2 Nominals
	3.3 Modifiers
		3.3.1 Adjectives
		3.3.2 Numerals
		3.3.3 Quantifiers
	3.4 Adverbs
		3.4.1 Predicate modifying adverbs
		3.4.2 Participant modifying adverbs
	3.5 Minor word classes
		3.5.1 Spatial postpositions
		3.5.2 Pronouns
		3.5.3 Question words
		3.5.4 Demonstratives
			3.5.4.1 ``Fused\'\' demonstratives
		3.5.5 Particles
			3.5.5.1 Exclamations
			3.5.5.2 Question markers
			3.5.5.3 Negative particle momu
			3.5.5.4 Representative coordinator
	3.6 Functional classes of spatial terminology
		3.6.1 Demonstratives
		3.6.2 Motion verbs
			3.6.2.1 Spatial motion verbs
			3.6.2.2 Basic motion verbs
4 Nominals
	4.1 Personal pronouns
		4.1.1 Comitative pronouns
		4.1.2 Genitive pronouns
		4.1.3 Comitative-genitive pronouns
		4.1.4 Reciprocal-emphatic pronouns
		4.1.5 Wotine focus pronoun
	4.2 Proper nouns
	4.3 Predicating nominal
	4.4 Spatial nominals
	4.5 Time-of-day
	4.6 Kin terms
		4.6.1 Kin nouns
		4.6.2 Possessed kin nouns
	4.7 Marriage exchange marking -fu
	4.8 Phrasal markers
		4.8.1 Case markers
		4.8.2 Oblique =m
			4.8.2.1 Oblique-marking in the area
		4.8.3 Comitative =b
			4.8.3.1 Comitative and associative uses
			4.8.3.2 Instrumental use
			4.8.3.3 Temporal use
		4.8.4 Directional =ti
		4.8.5 Genitive =(n)u
			4.8.5.1 Possessive use
			4.8.5.2 Order of genitive noun phrase and possessed noun
			4.8.5.3 Purposive use
			4.8.5.4 `Possessive\' nouns
		4.8.6 Proprietive =bu
		4.8.7 Habitative =mu
		4.8.8 Restrictive =s
		4.8.9 Focus =ne
	4.9 Derived nouns
5 Noun Phrases
	5.1 Basic noun phrase
		5.1.1 Adjectival modifiers
		5.1.2 Determiners
		5.1.3 Demonstrative determiners
		5.1.4 Interrogative determiners
		5.1.5 Genitive determiners
	5.2 Modifier-nominal headed phrases
	5.3 Locative phrases
		5.3.1 Clause level locative obliques
		5.3.2 Adnominal locative phrases
	5.4 Pronouns
		5.4.1 Pronouns with numeral modifiers
		5.4.2 Inclusory constructions
		5.4.3 Reciprocal-emphatic pronouns
		5.4.4 Interrogative pronouns
		5.4.5 Demonstrative pronouns
	5.5 Numerals and numeral sequences
		5.5.1 Binary and body part systems in the area
	5.6 An overview of possession in noun phrases
6 Verbs
	6.1 Structural template for verbs
	6.2 Cross-indexation
		6.2.1 Subject cross-Indexation
			6.2.1.1 A diachronic aside on subject markers
		6.2.2 Object cross-indexation
			6.2.2.1 Object cross-indexes
			6.2.2.2 Object prefixes
	6.3 Verb-forming suffixes
		6.3.1 Intransitive verb-forming suffix -ta(i)
		6.3.2 Intransitive verb-forming suffix -ni
		6.3.3 Transitive verb-forming suffixes
			6.3.3.1 Object cross-indexing verb-forming suffixes
			6.3.3.2 Verbal number encoding verb-forming suffixes
			6.3.3.3 Plain transitive verb-forming suffixes
		6.3.4 Borrowed verbs
		6.3.5 Diachronic aside on object cross-indexation
	6.4 Transitive paradigms
		6.4.1 High-transitive paradigm
		6.4.2 Low-transitive paradigms
		6.4.3 Irregular Paradigms
			6.4.3.1 `give\' paradigms
			6.4.3.2 `show\' and `listen\' paradigms
			6.4.3.3 `see\' paradigm
			6.4.3.4 `be accompanied by\' paradigms
	6.5 Derivational morphology
		6.5.1 Plural prefix
		6.5.2 Transitivising prefixes
	6.6 Verbal Number
		6.6.1 Event and participant number
		6.6.2 Variations in form
			6.6.2.1 Dissimilar pairs
			6.6.2.2 Similar Stems
			6.6.2.3 Derived Alternation
		6.6.3 ``Suppletion\'\' and verbal number
		6.6.4 Event number in Momu
			6.6.4.1 Shooting
			6.6.4.2 Giving birth
		6.6.5 Combining with object prefixes
			6.6.5.1 Object marking on transitive verbal number pairs
			6.6.5.2 From low- to high-transitive
7 Aspect
	7.1 Viewpoint aspect
	7.2 Perfective Viewpoint
	7.3 Imperfective Viewpoint
	7.4 Progressive Viewpoint
		7.4.1 Progressive morphology
		7.4.2 Realis progressive
			7.4.2.1 Deictic distinctions
		7.4.3 Irrealis progressive
	7.5 Situation Aspect
		7.5.1 Basic situation types
			7.5.1.1 States
			7.5.1.2 Activities
			7.5.1.3 Achievements and accomplishments
			7.5.1.4 Semelfactives
		7.5.2 Dynamic (``suffixing\'\') aspects
			7.5.2.1 Directionals
			7.5.2.2 -nepri Extended
			7.5.2.3 -pin Exhaustive
			7.5.2.4 -fenoi Incompletive
			7.5.2.5 -tu Distributive
			7.5.2.6 -pan `until sunrise\'
			7.5.2.7 -ketya ``lose-completive\'\'
		7.5.3 -ta(i) Stativiser
		7.5.4 Verbal reduplication
	7.6 Iterative
8 Grammatical Relations
	8.1 Elements of grammatical relations
		8.1.1 Generalised argument roles
		8.1.2 Case marking
		8.1.3 Ordering of participants
		8.1.4 Features of predicates
			8.1.4.1 Verbal number and transitivity
			8.1.4.2 Verbal number and object/oblique distinctions
			8.1.4.3 Predicate classes and the referential hierarchy
	8.2 Arguments
		8.2.1 Subject {S=A}
		8.2.2 Objects {O=G, O=T}
		8.2.3 Oblique arguments
		8.2.4 Topic
9 Adverbs
	9.1 Participant modifying adverbs
	9.2 Predicate modifying adverbs
	9.3 Manner
		9.3.1 Pace
		9.3.2 Demonstrative manner
	9.4 Derived -mes adverbs
	9.5 Event-structuring adverbs
		9.5.1 nu ``just/already\'\'
		9.5.2 yeb `then\'
		9.5.3 siskub `simultaneously\'
		9.5.4 wakeb `continuously\'
		9.5.5 fesib `completely\'
		9.5.6 fesis `again\'
		9.5.7 yesy `Restrictive/just\'
	9.6 Modal adverbs
		9.6.1 mo `yet/still\'
		9.6.2 (fe)sim `attempt to\'
		9.6.3 biom `inability\'
		9.6.4 bie `negative permission\'
	9.7 fe `endure/struggle/really\'
	9.8 menyi `very/Intensifier\'
	9.9 sisy `also\'
10 Simple Clauses
	10.1 Basic clause types
		10.1.1 Monovalent clauses
		10.1.2 Bivalent clauses
		10.1.3 Trivalent clauses
	10.2 Special clause types
		10.2.1 External possession
		10.2.2 Reciprocal constructions
			10.2.2.1 Reciprocal clauses
			10.2.2.2 Lexical reciprocals
			10.2.2.3 Multi-clausal reciprocals
			10.2.2.4 Parallel-reciprocal constructions
		10.2.3 Reflexive constructions
			10.2.3.1 Reflexive clauses
			10.2.3.2 Lexical reflexives
			10.2.3.3 The role of body parts in self-directed activities
	10.3 Speech act types
		10.3.1 Declarative
		10.3.2 Interrogative
			10.3.2.1 Polar question marker =fa
			10.3.2.2 Disjunctive interrogative
			10.3.2.3 Constituent questions
			10.3.2.4 Parenthetical questions
		10.3.3 Imperative
			10.3.3.1 Positive imperative
			10.3.3.2 Related forms
11 Non-Verbal Predicates
	11.1 Structural overview
		11.1.1 Subjects and non-verbal predications
			11.1.1.1 Topicalised subject
		11.1.2 Predicate complements
		11.1.3 Adjuncts
	11.2 Equation
		11.2.1 Equation and proper inclusion
		11.2.2 Similarity
		11.2.3 Marriage exchange equivalence
	11.3 Attribution
		11.3.1 Adjectival predicates
		11.3.2 Reduplicated predicates
	11.4 Possession
		11.4.1 Genitive predicates
		11.4.2 Attributive number as possession
	11.5 Proprietive
	11.6 Location
		11.6.1 Directional predicate
		11.6.2 Habitual location predicate
		11.6.3 Spatial nominal Predicates
	11.7 Purpose
		11.7.1 Deverbal predicates
		11.7.2 Genitive predicates
	11.8 Other predications
	11.9 Negative equation, attribution and location
		11.9.1 Negative equation
		11.9.2 Negative attribution
		11.9.3 Negative location
	11.10 Lack of possession
	11.11 Other negatives
	11.12 Non-verbal to verbal predicates
		11.12.1 Inchoative verbs
		11.12.2 Stance marking
		11.12.3 Copulas
		11.12.4 Basic locative construction
		11.12.5 Full verbal counterparts
12 Modality and Negation
	12.1 Modality
		12.1.1 Modal inflections
			12.1.1.1 -mu Volitional future
			12.1.1.2 -meta Epistemic future
			12.1.1.3 -me Hypothetical future
			12.1.1.4 -ma Apprehensive
			12.1.1.5 -mene Prohibitive
		12.1.2 Modal predicates
			12.1.2.1 =m wu Stance predicate
			12.1.2.2 =m onfa Modal negative predicate
			12.1.2.3 Negative permission or potential
			12.1.2.4 =meni Inceptive, Desiderative
	12.2 Negation
		12.2.1 momu Negative
		12.2.2 onfa Modal negative
		12.2.3 Other sites of negation
13 Serial Verb Constructions
	13.1 Identifying SVCs
	13.2 SVC Types
		13.2.1 Manner
			13.2.1.1 Posture
			13.2.1.2 Body-part posture or emotion
			13.2.1.3 Holding or carrying
			13.2.1.4 Pairwise number
			13.2.1.5 Others
		13.2.2 Motion
			13.2.2.1 Basic verbs of motion
			13.2.2.2 Riverine, transversal and elevational motion verbs
		13.2.3 Cause-effect
			13.2.3.1 Preparative
			13.2.3.2 Caused motion
			13.2.3.3 Caused location
		13.2.4 Agent partitioning
			13.2.4.1 Accompanitive
			13.2.4.2 Assistive
		13.2.5 Benefactive
		13.2.6 Coordination of objects
	13.3 Structural features of Momu SVCs
		13.3.1 High- and low-transitive verbs
		13.3.2 Object prefixing
		13.3.3 Non-subject participants
		13.3.4 Verbal number
			13.3.4.1 Transformation of number
			13.3.4.2 Scope of verbal number
14 Compounds and Coordination
	14.1 Compounds and nominal sequences
		14.1.1 Co-compounds
		14.1.2 Sub-compounds and sequences
			14.1.2.1 Type sequences
			14.1.2.2 Whole-part compounds and sequences
			14.1.2.3 Class term sequences
			14.1.2.4 Possessive sequences
			14.1.2.5 Possessed kinship nouns in sequences
		14.1.3 Verbal compounds
	14.2 Conjunctive coordination
		14.2.1 Intonational coordination
			14.2.1.1 NPs
			14.2.1.2 Above NPs
			14.2.1.3 Predicate and clausal coordination
		14.2.2 Comitative coordination
		14.2.3 Representative coordination
		14.2.4 Proprietive Coordination
		14.2.5 Possession
		14.2.6 Parallel action
		14.2.7 Collective and simultaneous coordination
		14.2.8 Inclusory conjunction
	14.3 Disjunctive coordination
	14.4 Adversative coordination
15 Subordination
	15.1 Relative clauses
		15.1.1 Discourse pragmatic interactions
		15.1.2 Internally-headed RCs
		15.1.3 Genitives
		15.1.4 The Accessibility Hierarchy
	15.2 Location-adverbial relative clauses
	15.3 Comitative clauses
		15.3.1 Sentence-initial comitative clause
		15.3.2 Sentence-final comitative clause
		15.3.3 Irregular cases for comitative clauses
	15.4 Completive clauses
		15.4.1 Initial boundary `Once\'
		15.4.2 Terminal boundary `Until\'
	15.5 Backgrounded clauses
		15.5.1 Relating events
		15.5.2 Relating spans and events
		15.5.3 Backgrounded second person deverbal subjunctive
		15.5.4 skune `Imaginative conditional\'
	15.6 Restrictive clauses
	15.7 Absolutive clauses
		15.7.1 Second person deverbal subjunctive
	15.8 Purposive modifier
	15.9 Linked clauses
	15.10 Functions of subordinate clauses
		15.10.1 Nominal modifiers
		15.10.2 Adverbial clauses
			15.10.2.1 Time
			15.10.2.2 Location
			15.10.2.3 Manner
			15.10.2.4 Purpose, reason or concessive
			15.10.2.5 Simultaneity
			15.10.2.6 Conditional
			15.10.2.7 Substitutive
16 Complementation
	16.1 The classes of complement-taking predicates
		16.1.1 Utterance predicates
			16.1.1.1 Direct and indirect reported speech
			16.1.1.2 Manner of utterance
		16.1.2 Propositional attitude predicates
			16.1.2.1 =m/s yeni `I say (assert/think)\'
			16.1.2.2 The stance predicate
			16.1.2.3 =m onfa Modal negative predicate
			16.1.2.4 on Seems
		16.1.3 Deontic modal predicates
			16.1.3.1 Desire, intention, obligation
			16.1.3.2 Inability, prohibition
		16.1.4 Desiderative predicates
			16.1.4.1 yeni `I say (I want)\'
			16.1.4.2 efiyeni `not want\'
			16.1.4.3 =meni `Inceptive (Desiderative)\'
		16.1.5 Predicates of fearing
		16.1.6 Commentative
			16.1.6.1 Body parts
			16.1.6.2 Attributive predicates
		16.1.7 Predicates of knowledge and its acquisition
		16.1.8 Immediate perception predicates
		16.1.9 Phasal predicates
			16.1.9.1 =meni Inceptive
		16.1.10 Negative predicates
	16.2 Complement clauses
	16.3 Complement-taking predicates
		16.3.1 Valence and CTPs
		16.3.2 Grammaticalisation of modal marking
	16.4 Coreferential arguments for transitive CTPs
	16.5 Non-finite clauses
		16.5.1 Deverbal clauses
			16.5.1.1 Subject-marked deverbal clauses
	16.6 Sentence-like clauses
		16.6.1 Bare stem
		16.6.2 Subjunctive and indicative
		16.6.3 Unrestricted
A Texts
	A.1 Christmas gathering (bernard-christmas)
	A.2 Childbirth (ma-childbirth)
	A.3 How Julie came to adopt Teresa (Mabgi) (julie-teresa)
	A.4 Steven\'s ancestor story (steven-tumbuna)
B Index of Texts
C Comparative and Historical Asides
	C.1 A Comparison with Baibai
		C.1.1 Momu VbV : Baibai VmbV, Momu #b : Baibai #b
		C.1.2 Momu ø [ʔ] : Baibai g
		C.1.3 Momu k : Baibai r
		C.1.4 Other consonants
		C.1.5 Vowels
			C.1.5.1 Back vowels
			C.1.5.2 High and mid-high front vowels
	C.2 The modal inflection -mamu
	C.3 Diachronic aside on the polysemy of na-
	C.4 The deictic distinction in the progressive
	C.5 Grammaticalised accompanitive as an areal feature
D Baibai materials
	D.1 Momu and Baibai verb paradigms

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