A Coursebook on Scientific and Professional Writing for Speech-Language Pathology, 4th edition

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
CONTENTS......Page 4
PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION......Page 16
INTRODUCTION......Page 18
ABOUT THE AUTHOR......Page 21
PART A FOUNDATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC AND PROFESSIONAL WRITING......Page 22
A.1.2. Do Not Turn a Possessive Into a Plural......Page 23
A.1.3. Do Not Turn a Plural Into a Possessive......Page 25
A.1.4. Use the Correct Forms of Possessive Nouns......Page 27
A.1.5. Use the Possessive Forms of Pronouns Correctly......Page 33
A.1.6. Distinguish Contractions From Possessives......Page 34
A.1.7. Use Unusual Singulars and Plurals Correctly......Page 35
A.1.9. Do Not Use a Serial Comma When You Write Only Two Parallel Terms and Connect Them With a Conjunction......Page 39
A.1.12. Do Not Use a Comma Before a Conjunction That Is Followed by a Dependent Clause......Page 41
A.1.14. Join Independent Clauses With a Semicolon When the Clauses Are Not Joined by a Conjunction......Page 43
A.1.15. Follow the Rules of Agreement......Page 45
A.1.16. Use Modifiers Correctly......Page 53
A.1.19. Use the Proper Case of Pronoun......Page 55
A.1.22. Do Not Punctuate Appositives......Page 57
A.1.24. Do Not Turn a Noun Into a Verb......Page 59
A.1.25. Let a Participial Phrase at the Beginning of a Sentence Refer to the Grammatical Subject......Page 61
A.2.1. Design a Broad Outline of Your Paper......Page 63
A.2.2. Design Headings and Subheadings of Your Paper......Page 65
A.2.3. Write Paragraphs That Express Related Ideas......Page 67
A.2.4. Do Not Write Paragraphs That Are Too Long......Page 69
A.2.5. Do Not Write One-Sentence Paragraphs......Page 71
A.2.6. Begin and End Most Paragraphs With Transitionary Sentences......Page 73
A.2.8. Use the Active Voice......Page 75
A.2.10. Avoid Too Many Qualifications......Page 77
A.2.11. Use Definite, Specific, and Concrete Language......Page 79
A.2.12. Eliminate or Replace Unnecessary Phrases......Page 81
A.2.13. Avoid Redundant Phrases......Page 89
A.2.14. Avoid Wordiness......Page 95
A.2.15. Avoid Jargon......Page 97
A.2.16. Avoid Euphemism......Page 99
A.2.17. Keep Related Words Together......Page 101
A.2.18. Write in Parallel Terms......Page 103
A.2.19. Maintain Parallelism in Numbered or Bulleted Lists......Page 105
A.2.21. Avoid Misplaced Modifiers......Page 107
A.2.22. Avoid Shifts Within and Between Sentences......Page 109
A.2.23. Make Quotations Count......Page 111
A.2.24. Do Not Overuse Quotations......Page 113
A.2.26. Do Not Begin a Sentence With a Quotation......Page 115
A.2.28. Do Not Misuse Quotation Marks......Page 117
A.2.29. Give References for All Direct Quotations......Page 119
A.2.31. Integrate Quotations of Fewer Than 40 Words With the Text......Page 121
A.2.32. Arrange Quotations as a Block When They Have 40 Words or More......Page 123
A.2.33. Show Correctly the Changes in Quotations......Page 125
A.2.34. Use the Terms Ending in -ology Correctly......Page 127
A.2.35. Use Certain Terms Ending in -ics Correctly......Page 129
A.2.37. Avoid Colloquial or Informal Expressions......Page 131
A.3.2. Affect and Effect......Page 133
A.3.5. And/Or......Page 135
A.3.7. Effect and Impact......Page 137
A.3.9. Elicit and Illicit......Page 139
A.3.11. Focus and Analysis (Study)......Page 141
A.3.13. Inter- and Intra-......Page 143
A.3.15. Proof and Support......Page 145
A.3.18. There and Their......Page 147
PART B SCIENTIFIC WRITING......Page 150
B.1. INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC WRITING......Page 152
B.2. WRITING WITHOUT BIAS......Page 154
B.2.1. Write Without Gender Bias......Page 155
B.2.2. Write Without Prejudicial Reference to Disabilities......Page 157
B.2.3. Write Without Prejudicial Reference to Ethnic or Racial Background......Page 159
B.2.4. Write Without Prejudicial Reference to People With Varied Sexual Orientation......Page 161
B.3.1. Leave Correct Margins......Page 163
B.3.2. Type Correctly the Title Page of a Paper for Publication......Page 164
B.3.3. Type Correctly the Title Page of a Class (Term) Paper......Page 165
B.3.4. Type the Manuscript Page Header and the Running Head Correctly......Page 166
B.3.5. Write an Abstract on the Second Page......Page 167
B.3.6. Begin the Text (Untitled Introduction) on Page Three......Page 168
B.3.7. Use the Headings Within the Text Consistently......Page 169
B.3.11. Use Boldface Correctly......Page 175
B.3.14. Use Appropriate Line Spacing......Page 176
B.4.3. Capitalize the First and the Major Words in Most Headings......Page 177
B.4.7. Capitalize Both Words in Otherwise Capitalized Hyphenated Compound......Page 178
B.4.9. Use Italics Correctly Within the Body of Text......Page 179
B.4.11. Use the Hyphen Correctly......Page 180
B.4.13. Do Not Misuse the Hyphen......Page 183
B.4.15. Give Correct Space or No Space After Punctuation......Page 185
B.4.17. Do Not Start a Sentence With a Lowercase Abbreviation......Page 187
B.4.18. Use Latin Abbreviations Only in Parenthetical Constructions......Page 189
B.4.21. Abbreviate Units of Measurement When a Number Is Specified......Page 191
B.4.24. Use Arabic Numerals for Numbers 10 and Above......Page 193
B.4.25. Use Numerals for Numbers Below 10 in Specified Contexts......Page 195
B.4.26. Write Out in Words Numbers Below 10 in Specified Contexts......Page 197
B.4.28. Combine Words and Numerals in Specified Contexts......Page 199
B.4.30. Cite Both Names in the Text When a Work Has Two Authors......Page 201
B.4.32. Cite Works of Six or More Authors by Only the First Author......Page 203
B.4.33. Distinguish Works of Multiple Authors Published in the Same Year......Page 205
B.4.35. Cite Multiple Authors With the Same Last Name With Their Initials Every Time They Are Cited......Page 207
B.4.37. Attach Alphabetical Suffixes to the Same Author’s Multiple Publications in the Same Year......Page 209
B.4.39. Cite Secondary Sources Sparingly and Correctly......Page 211
B.4.41. Begin the Reference List on a New Page With a Centered, Uppercase, and Lowercase Heading......Page 213
B.4.43. Arrange Multiple Works of the Same Single Author From the Earliest to the Latest Year......Page 215
B.4.46. Alphabetize the Different Authors With the Same Last Name According to Their Initials......Page 217
B.4.48. Use the Specified Abbreviations in Reference Lists......Page 219
B.4.49. Printed Journal Articles in Reference Lists......Page 221
B.4.51. Reference Correctly the Different Forms of Journal Publications......Page 223
B.4.53. Reference Correctly the Article Abstracts Used as the Primary Source......Page 225
B.4.54. Books in Reference Lists......Page 227
B.4.55. Edited Books and Chapters in Edited Books......Page 229
B.4.58. Unpublished Poster Session Presentations......Page 231
B.4.59. Reports From Organizations and Government Agencies......Page 233
B.4.61. Theses and Dissertations in Abstracts International......Page 235
B.4.63. Reference the Electronic Sources Correctly......Page 237
B.4.65. Reference Correctly an Article or an Abstract Published by an Online Journal, With No Print Edition......Page 239
B.4.68. Reference Correctly Theses and Dissertations Obtained From Web Sites......Page 240
B.4.71. Reference Correctly an Online Encyclopedia......Page 241
B.4.75. Reference Correctly Computer Software Programs......Page 242
B.5.1. Sections of a Research Paper......Page 244
B.5.4. Write the Review Section of a Research Proposal in the Past Tense......Page 249
B.5.5. Write the Methods and Expected Results Sections of a Research Proposal in the Future Tense......Page 251
B.6.1. Electronic Manuscript Preparation......Page 254
B.6.2. Electronic Manuscript Editing and Revising......Page 261
B.6.3. Electronic Proofreading......Page 266
PART C PROFESSIONAL WRITING......Page 270
INTRODUCTION TO PROFESSIONAL WRITING......Page 271
C.1. FORMATS OF DIAGNOSTIC REPORTS......Page 272
C.1.1. Outline of a Typical Diagnostic Report on a Child Client......Page 273
C.1.2. Outline of a Typical Diagnostic Report on an Adult Client......Page 275
C.1.3. Anatomy of a Diagnostic Report......Page 277
C.2. SAMPLE DIAGNOSTIC REPORTS......Page 284
C.2.1. Sample Diagnostic Report: Articulation Disorder......Page 285
C.2.2. Sample Diagnostic Report: Voice Disorder......Page 288
C.2.3. Sample Diagnostic Report: Aphasia and Apraxia......Page 291
C.2.4. Sample Diagnostic Report: Stuttering......Page 295
C.2.5. Sample Diagnostic Report: Dysphagia......Page 298
C.3. PRACTICE IN DIAGNOSTIC REPORT WRITING......Page 302
C.3.1. Diagnostic Report: Articulation Disorder......Page 303
C.3.2. Diagnostic Report: Child Language Disorder......Page 317
C.3.3. Diagnostic Report: Stuttering......Page 331
C.3.4. Diagnostic Report: Voice Disorder......Page 345
C.4. DIAGNOSTIC REPORTS WRITTEN AS LETTERS......Page 360
C.4.1. Letter 1: Laryngectomy Speech–Language Evaluation......Page 361
C.4.2. Letter 2: Adult Voice Evaluation......Page 363
C.5. PRACTICE IN WRITING DIAGNOSTIC REPORTS AS LETTERS......Page 366
C.5.1. Diagnostic Report as a Letter: Articulation Disorder......Page 367
C.6. COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT PLANS......Page 372
C.6.1. Comprehensive Treatment Plan: Articulation Disorder......Page 373
C.7. BRIEF TREATMENT PLANS......Page 376
C.7.1. Brief Treatment Plan: Fluency Disorder......Page 377
C.7.2. Brief Treatment Plan: Articulation Disorder......Page 379
C.7.3. Brief Treatment Plan: Child Language Disorder......Page 381
C.7.4. Brief Treatment Plan: Voice Disorder......Page 383
C.7.5. Brief Treatment Plan: Dysphagia......Page 385
C.8. INDIVIDUALIZED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS......Page 388
C.8.1. IEP: Treatment of Child Language Disorder......Page 389
C.8.2. IEP: Treatment of Articulation Disorder......Page 390
C.8.3. IEP: Treatment of Voice Disorder......Page 391
C.8.4. IEP: Treatment of Fluency Disorder......Page 392
C.9. PRACTICE IN WRITING TREATMENT PLANS......Page 394
C.9.1. Comprehensive Treatment Plan: Child Language Disorder......Page 395
C.9.2. Brief Treatment Plan: Fluency Disorder......Page 403
C.9.3. Brief Treatment Plan: Articulation Disorder......Page 407
C.9.4. Brief Treatment Plan: Child Language Disorder......Page 411
C.9.5. Brief Treatment Plan: Voice Disorder......Page 415
C.10. PROGRESS REPORTS......Page 420
C.10.1. Progress Report: Treatment of Stuttering......Page 421
C.10.2. Progress Report: Treatment of Articulation Disorder......Page 424
C.10.3. Progress Report: Treatment of Child Language Disorder......Page 426
C.10.4. Progress Report: Treatment of Voice Disorder......Page 428
C.10.5. Progress Report: Written as a Letter......Page 431
C.11. PRACTICE IN WRITING PROGRESS REPORTS......Page 434
C.11.1. Progress Report: Treatment of Stuttering......Page 435
C.11.2. Progress Report: Treatment of Articulation Disorder......Page 441
C.11.3. Progress Report: Treatment of Child Language Disorder......Page 447
C.11.4. Progress Report: Treatment of Voice Disorder......Page 453
C.11.5. Progress Report: Written as a Letter......Page 459
C.12. PROFESSIONAL LETTERS......Page 462
C.12.1. A Thank-You Letter......Page 463
C.12.2. A Referral Letter......Page 464
C.13. PRACTICE IN WRITING PROFESSIONAL LETTERS......Page 466
C.13.1. A Thank-You Letter......Page 467
C.13.2. A Referral Letter......Page 469
APPENDIX A SELECTED REFERENCES......Page 472
APPENDIX B GLOSSARY......Page 476
INDEX......Page 486