A Companion to Ancient Education

Title Page......Page 5
Copyright Page......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Notes on Contributors......Page 10
Introduction......Page 17
Part I Literary and Moral Education in Archaic and Classical Greece......Page 21
  1. General Issues: Neighbors, Greeks, and Cultural Contacts......Page 23
  2. Mesopotamia (the Sumero-Babylonian-Assyrian Educational System)......Page 24
  3. Anatolia (Hittites, Hurrians, Luwians, and Others)......Page 28
  4. Egypt......Page 30
  5. The Levant (Ugarit and Other Canaanites; Israel)......Page 31
  6. India......Page 34
  7. Iranians (Elamites, Avestans, Medes, Persians) and Scythians......Page 37
  8. Cyprus......Page 40
  Further Reading......Page 41
  1. General Issues: Minoans, Mycenaeans, and the Earliest “Greeks”......Page 42
  2. Minoans and Mycenaeans......Page 43
  3. Archaic Greece......Page 49
  4. Literacy and Early Greek “Schools”–grammatistês, kitharistês, paidotribês......Page 63
  5. Conclusion: The Origins of “Classical” Education......Page 67
  References......Page 69
  Further Reading......Page 76
Part II Accounts of Systems......Page 77
  1. Problems with the Sophists......Page 79
  2. Plato’s Sophists......Page 80
  3. The Sophists’ Activities......Page 82
  Further Reading......Page 90
 Chapter 4 Socrates as Educator......Page 93
  1. Imitation and Socratic Education......Page 95
  2. How Literate Was Socratic Education?......Page 97
  3. The Socratic Sound......Page 98
  4. Socratic Natural Science......Page 100
  5. Politics and the Education of Desire......Page 102
  Further Reading......Page 105
  1. Overview: From Classical Sparta to Roman Times. Ancient Sources—and Modern Approaches......Page 106
  2. Classical Sparta: Imposing a Character on the Young......Page 109
  3. The Education of Girls......Page 118
  4. Spartan Education: A Struggle between “Male” and “Female” Influences?......Page 121
  5. Military Training for Boys?......Page 122
  Appendix: Spartan Education under the Roman Empire......Page 123
  References......Page 126
  1. Traditional Education......Page 128
  2. Participation......Page 130
  3. Athletics and Music......Page 131
  4. Letters......Page 133
  References......Page 137
 Chapter 7 Hellenistic and Roman Philosophy......Page 139
  1. Cicero on the Relation between Philosophy and Rhetoric......Page 140
  2. Cicero on Philosophical Education......Page 141
  4. Pre-philosophical Education: Cornutus and Seneca......Page 142
  5. Philosophy: Logic, Physics, Ethics......Page 144
  6. The Role of Philosophy, the Goal of Life......Page 146
  References......Page 149
Part III The Spread and Development of Greek Schooling in the Hellenistic Era......Page 151
  1. Ordo Docendi......Page 153
  2. Elementary Schooling in Antiquity: Actuality versus Model......Page 159
  References......Page 164
 Chapter 9 School Structures, Apparatus, and Materials......Page 165
  1. Primary Education in the Archaic and Classical Periods......Page 166
  2. Roman Schools......Page 167
  References......Page 174
  1. The Imperial Greek Literary–Rhetorical Curriculum......Page 176
  2. The Progymnasmata in the Imperial Greek Literary–Rhetorical Curriculum......Page 177
  3. The Libanian–Aphthonian List of Progymnasmata......Page 178
  5. Advancing Through the Progymnasmata......Page 180
  6. Theoretical Differentiation of the Progymnasmata......Page 182
  7. Progymnasmata, the Three Species of Rhetoric, and the Five Parts of the Oration......Page 183
  8. The Influence of the Progymnasmata on Ancient Thought and Literature......Page 184
  References......Page 185
  Further Reading......Page 186
  2. The Gymnasium and its user Groups......Page 188
  3. The Spread and Nature of the Hellenistic Ephebate......Page 190
  4. Ephebes and the Officials of the Gymnasium......Page 191
  5. Specialized Instruction, Intellectual and Physical......Page 192
  6. Military Skills......Page 195
  7. Ephebes and Civic Events......Page 196
  8. Some Conclusions......Page 197
  Further Readings......Page 198
 Chapter 12 Corporal Punishment in the Ancient School......Page 200
  1. From Coercion to Self-Punishment......Page 208
  2. Resentment, Misbehavior, and Misuse as Agents of Internalization......Page 210
  3. Direct Theorization......Page 211
  4. Conclusion......Page 213
  References......Page 214
Part IV The Roman Transformation......Page 215
  1. The Origins......Page 217
  2. Writing in the Orientalizing Period......Page 219
  3. Aristocratic Courts and “Secretariats”......Page 222
  4. Social, Gender, and Religious Issues......Page 225
  5. Writing Schools in Sanctuaries......Page 226
  6. Punctuation and Teaching Methods......Page 229
  7. Scribes, Trade, and Literature......Page 230
  8. Writing Policies and Politics......Page 232
  9. Changes in Republican Rome......Page 233
  10. National Alphabets and Identity......Page 235
  References......Page 236
  Further Reading......Page 240
 Chapter 14 Schools, Teachers, and Patrons in Mid-Republican Rome......Page 242
  1. Reviewing the Sources......Page 243
  2. Greek Learning in the Sociocultural Context of Mid-Republican Rome......Page 246
  3. Fathers and Sons......Page 249
  4. Conclusion......Page 253
  References......Page 254
  Further Reading......Page 255
 Chapter 15 The Education of the Ciceros......Page 256
  1. Cicero and Q. Cicero......Page 257
  3. Young Quintus and Young Marcus......Page 261
  References......Page 266
  Further Reading......Page 267
 Chapter 16 Late Antiquity and the Transmission of Educational Ideals and Methods: The Greek World......Page 268
  1. Christianity and Classical Education......Page 269
  2. Educational Geography......Page 271
  3. A New Field Emerges: Legal Studies......Page 272
  4. Philosophical Studies in Late Antiquity......Page 274
  5. Medical Studies in Alexandria and the Ideal of Polymathy......Page 277
  6. Conclusions......Page 278
  References......Page 279
  Further Reading......Page 281
 Chapter 17 Late Antiquity and the Transmission of Educational Ideals and Methods: The Western Empire......Page 283
  References......Page 292
  Further Reading......Page 294
Part V Theories and Themes of Education......Page 295
  1. Introduction......Page 297
  2. Elementary Education......Page 298
  3. Higher Education......Page 302
  4. Conclusion......Page 305
  References......Page 306
  Further Reading......Page 307
  1. Introduction......Page 308
  2. Educational Opportunities and Levels of Education......Page 309
  3. Praise and Blame: The Controversial Education of Roman Women......Page 312
  4. Patronage of Literature and Learning: The Example of Argentaria Polla......Page 315
  5. Conclusion......Page 317
  References......Page 318
  1. Household and Professional Work......Page 321
  2. Weaving......Page 322
  4. Religious Education......Page 323
  5. Physical Education......Page 324
  6. Musical Education......Page 325
  7. Literacy......Page 326
  8. Women Intellectuals: Poetry and Philosophy......Page 327
  9. Hetaerae: An Intellectual Elite?......Page 329
  10. Sparta: An Alternative Education?......Page 330
  11. Conclusion......Page 333
  References......Page 334
  Further Reading......Page 336
  2. Historical Influence of Isocrates: The “Father of Liberal Education”......Page 337
  3. Works......Page 338
  5. Philosophy and the Philosopher......Page 339
  6. Politics: Justice and Virtue in the Best Regime......Page 340
  8. Isocrates’ View of Human Nature......Page 341
  9. The Goals of Isocratic Education......Page 345
  10. The Educational Program of Isocrates......Page 348
  12. The Limits of Education......Page 349
  Further Reading......Page 350
  2. Plutarch’s Conception of Education......Page 351
  3. Education in the Classroom......Page 352
  4. Women’s Education......Page 355
  5. Education and Politics......Page 358
  References......Page 361
  Further Reading......Page 362
 Chapter 23 Quintilian on Education......Page 363
  1. Contents and Form of the Institutio Oratoria......Page 365
  References......Page 373
  1. Introduction......Page 374
  2. Prelude: De Musica......Page 375
  3. Augustine’s Schooling: Confessiones......Page 378
  4. A New Concept of Education: The Cassiciacum Dialogues......Page 380
  5. Utilization: De doctrina christiana......Page 384
  Further Reading......Page 387
Part VI Non-Literary and Non-Elite Education......Page 389
  1. The Education of the Artist......Page 391
  2. General Education in the Visual Arts......Page 396
  3. Learning about the Arts in the Roman World......Page 398
  References......Page 401
 Chapter 26 Mathematics Education......Page 403
  1. Elementary Education......Page 405
  2. Secondary Education......Page 406
  3. Advanced Technical and Philosophical Curricula......Page 407
  References......Page 414
 Chapter 27 Musical Education in Greece and Rome......Page 417
  References......Page 427
  Further Reading......Page 428
  1. Medical Education......Page 429
  2. Medical Practice......Page 435
  3. Greece......Page 436
  4. Rome......Page 437
  5. Late Antiquity......Page 439
  6. Medical Education for Women......Page 440
  Guide to Further Reading......Page 441
  References......Page 442
  Further Reading......Page 444
  1. Introduction......Page 446
  2. Athletics in Education: Archaic and Classical Greece......Page 447
  3. Greek Sport in Education: Rationale and Origins......Page 449
  4. Sport and Education in Roman Thought......Page 454
  5. Sport as a Paradigm in Greco-Roman Education......Page 456
  6. Conclusion......Page 457
  Further Reading......Page 458
  1. The Republic......Page 460
  2. The Principate......Page 462
  3. The Later Empire......Page 465
  4. Other Lawyers, Other Legal Educations......Page 466
  Further Reading......Page 467
  1. Introduction......Page 468
  2. Ancient and Modern Conceptions of Enculturation......Page 469
  3. Physiological and Cognitive Development......Page 470
  4. Anticipatory Socialization......Page 471
  5. Social and Moral Formation......Page 473
  References......Page 477
  Further Reading......Page 479
  1. Introduction......Page 480
  2. Educated Slaves......Page 481
  3. Slaves as Educators......Page 485
  Further Reading......Page 488
  1 Introduction......Page 490
  2 Daily Life of Masters and Apprentices......Page 491
  3. The Economic Rationale for Apprenticeship......Page 492
  4 Apprenticeship and Educational Attitudes......Page 494
  5 Apprenticing, Selling, and Pawning: The Grey Circuit?......Page 495
  6. Concluding Remarks......Page 496
  References......Page 497
  Further Reading......Page 498
  1. Greece......Page 499
  2 Rome......Page 501
  References......Page 510
  Cross-Reference......Page 511
Index......Page 512
EULA......Page 520