8086 Microprocessors and its Applications

Cover
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION
	1.1 Terms used in microprocessor literature 1.
	1.2 Evolution of microprocessor 1.
	1.3 Basic functional blocks of a microprocessor 1.
	1.4 Microprocessor-based system 1.
	1.5 Concept of multiplexing in microprocessors 1.
	1.6 Short questions and answers 1.
2. INTEL 8086 PINS, SIGNALS AND ARCHITECTURE
	2.1 Introduction to INTEL 8086 2.
	2.2 Pins and signals of INTEL 8086 2.
	2.3 Architecture of INTEL 8086 2.
	2.4 Instruction and data Flow in 8086 2.
	2.5 Even and odd memory banks 2.
	2.6 Bus cycles and timing diagram 2.
	2.7 Short questions and answers. 2.
3. INSTRUCTION SET OF 8086
	3.1 Introduction 3.
	3.2 Instructions format 3.
	3.3 Addressing modes of 8086 3.
	3.4 Instruction execution time 3.
	3.5 Instructions affecting flags 3.
	3.6 Data transfer instructions. 3.
	3.7 Arithmetic instructions 3.
	3.8 Logical instructions 3.
	3.9 String manipulation instructions 3.
	3.10 Control transfer instructions 3.
		3.10.1 CALL and RET instructions 3.
		3.10.2 Unconditional jump instructions 3.
		3.10.3 Conditional jump instructions 3.
		3.10.4 Loop instructions 3.
		3.10.5 Software interrupts 3.
	3.11 Processor control instructions 3.
	3.12 Examples of 8086 instructions 3.
	3.13 Short questions and answers 3.
4. MEMORY AND IO INTERFACING
	4.1 Introduction to memory 4.
	4.2 Semiconductor memory 4.
	4.3 ROM and PROM 4.
	4.4 EPROM 4.
	4.5 Static RAM 4.
	4.6 DRAM and NVRAM 4.
	4.7 Interfacing static RAM and EPROM 4.
	4.8 Memory organization in 8086-based system 4.
	4.9 IO structure of a typical microcomputer 4.
	4.10 Interfacing IO and peripheral devices 4.
	4.11 Short questions and answers 4.
5. INTERRUPTS
	5.1 Interrupt and its need 5.
	5.2 Classification of interrupts 5.
	5.3 Sources of interrupts in 8086 5.
	5.4 Interrupts of 8086 5.
		5.4.1 INTEL predefined (or dedicated) interrupts 5.
		5.4.2 Software interrupts of 8086 5.
		5.4.3 Hardware interrupts of 8086 5.
		5.4.4 Priorities of interrupts of 8086 5.
	5.5 Implementing interrrupt scheme in 8086 5.
		5.5.1 Interrupt vector table 5.
		5.5.2 Servicing an interrupt by 8086 5.
	5.6 INTR and its expansion 5.
	5.7 Programmable interrupt controller - INTEL 8259 5.
		5.7.1 Interfacing 8259 with 8086 microprocessor 5.
		5.7.2 Functional block diagram of 8259 5.
		5.7.3 Processing of interrupts by 8259 5.
		5.7.4 Programming (or initializing) 8259 5.
	5.8 Short questions and answers 5.
6. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING
	6.1 Levels of programming 6.
	6.2 Flowchart 6.
	6.3 Assembly language program development tools 6.
	6.4 Variables and constants used in assemblers 6.
	6.5 Assembler directives 6.
	6.6 Procedures and macros 6.
	6.7 Interrupts of personal computers 6.
	6.8 Hand coding of assembly language programs 6.
	6.9 Examples of 8086 assembly language programs 6.
	6.10Short questions and answers 6.
7. PERIPHERAL DEVICES AND INTERFACING
	7.1 Programmable peripheral devices 7.
	7.2 Parallel data communication interface 7.
		7.2.1 Parallel data transfer schemes 7.
		7.2.2 Programmable peripheral interface - INTEL 8255 7.
		7.2.3 DMA data transfer scheme 7.
		7.2.4 DMA controller - INTEL 8237 7.
		7.2.5 DMA controller - INTEL 8257 7.
	7.3 Serial data communication interface 7.
	7.3.1 Serial data communication 7.
	7.3.2 USART - INTEL 8251A 7.
	7.4 Keyboard and display interface 7.
		7.4.1 Keyboard interface using ports 7.
		7.4.2 Display interface using ports 7.
		7.4.3 Keyboard/Display controller - INTEL 8279 7.
		7.4.4 Keyboard and display interface using 8279 7.
	7.5 Programmable timer - INTEL 8254 7.
	7.6 DAC interface 7.
		7.6.1 DAC0800 7.
	7.7 ADC interface 7.
		7.7.1 ADC0809 7.
	7.8 Short questions and answers 7.
8. INTEL 80X86 FAMILY OF PROCESSORS
	8.1 Introduction 8.
	8.2 INTEL 80186 8.
		8.2.1 Pins and signals of 80186 8.
		8.2.2 Architecture of 80186 8.
	8.3 INTEL 80286 8.
		8.3.1 Pins and signals of 80286 8.
		8.3.2 Architecture of 80286 8.
		8.3.3 Real address mode of 80286 8.
		8.3.4 Protected virtual address mode of 80286 8.
	8.4 INTEL 80386 microprocessor 8.
		8.4.1 Pins and signals of 80386 8.
		8.4.2 Architecture of 80386 microprocessor 8.
		8.4.3 Registers of 80386 microprocessor 8.
		8.4.4 Operating modes of 80386 microprocessor 8.
	8.5 INTEL 80486 microprocessor 8.
		8.5.1 Pins and signals of 80486 8.
		8.5.2 Architecture of 80486 8.
	8.6 Pentium microprocessor 8.
		8.6.1 Pins and signals of pentium microprocessor 8.
		8.6.2 Architecture of pentium processor 8.
	8.7 Advanced pentium processors 8.
		8.7.1 Pentium pro 8.
		8.7.2 Pentium II 8.
		8.7.3 Pentium III 8.
		8.7.4 Pentium 4 8.
9. 8086 MICROPROCESSOR-BASED SYSTEM
	9.1 Designing a microprocessor-based system 9.
	9.2 Clock generator - INTEL 8284A 9.
	9.3 Bus controller - INTEL 8288 9.
	9.4 Coprocessor - INTEL 8087 9.
	9.5 Minimum mode 8086-based system 9.
	9.6 Maximum mode 8086-based system 9.
	9.7 Multiprocessor configurations 9.
	9.8 Temperature control system 9.
	9.9 Motor speed control system 9.
	9.10 Traffic light control system 9.
	9.11 Stepper motor control system 9.
APPENDIX I : TEMPLATES FOR 8086 INSTRUCTIONS
APPENDIX II : DOS AND BIOS INTERRUPTS
APPENDIX Ill : LIST OF MICROPROCESSORS RELEASED BY INTEL
GENERAL INDEX
CHIP INDEX