5 Steps to a 5 AP Statistics, 2010-2011 Edition

Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
Acknowledgments......Page 12
About the Author......Page 13
Introduction: The Five-Step Program......Page 14
Step 1 Set Up Your Study Program......Page 18
Background Information......Page 20
Some Frequently Asked Questions About the AP Statistics Exam......Page 21
Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP Statistics Exam......Page 27
Calendar for Each Plan......Page 29
Step 2 Determine Your Test Readiness......Page 32
3 Take a Diagnostic Exam......Page 34
Composite Score......Page 58
Step 3 Develop Strategies for Success......Page 60
4 Tips for Taking the Exam......Page 62
Tips for Multiple-Choice Questions......Page 63
Tips for Free-Response Questions......Page 64
Specific Statistics Content Tips......Page 66
Step 4 Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High......Page 68
5 Overview of Statistics/Basic Vocabulary......Page 70
Descriptive Versus Inferential Statistics......Page 71
Collecting Data: Surveys, Experiments, Observational Studies......Page 72
Random Variables......Page 73
6 One-Variable Data Analysis......Page 76
Graphical Analysis......Page 77
Measures of Center......Page 83
Measures of Spread......Page 85
Position of a Term in a Distribution......Page 88
Normal Distribution......Page 91
Practice Problems......Page 97
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 102
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 103
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 108
Scatterplots......Page 110
Correlation......Page 112
Lines of Best Fit......Page 116
Residuals......Page 119
Coefficient of Determination......Page 121
Outliers and Influential Observations......Page 122
Transformations to Achieve Linearity......Page 123
Practice Problems......Page 126
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 132
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 133
Free Response......Page 134
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 136
8 Design of a Study: Sampling, Surveys, and Experiments......Page 138
Samples......Page 139
Sampling Bias......Page 141
Experiments and Observational Studies......Page 143
Practice Problems......Page 149
Free Response......Page 151
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 154
Free Response......Page 155
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 158
Probability......Page 160
Random Variables......Page 165
Normal Probabilities......Page 169
Simulation and Random Number Generation......Page 171
Rules for the Mean and Standard Deviation of Combined Random Variables......Page 174
Practice Problems......Page 176
Free Response......Page 179
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 182
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 183
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 189
Binomial Distributions......Page 191
Normal Approximation to the Binomial......Page 194
Geometric Distributions......Page 196
Sampling Distributions......Page 197
Sampling Distributions of a Sample Proportion......Page 201
Practice Problems......Page 203
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 207
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 208
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 213
11 Confidence Intervals and Introduction to Inference......Page 214
Estimation and Confidence Intervals......Page 215
Confidence Intervals for Means and Proportions......Page 218
Sample Size......Page 223
Statistical Significance and P-Value......Page 225
The Hypothesis-Testing Procedure......Page 227
Type-I and Type-II Errors and the Power of a Test......Page 228
Practice Problems......Page 232
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 237
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 238
Free Response......Page 239
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 244
12 Inference for Means and Proportions......Page 246
Significance Testing......Page 247
Inference for a Single Population Mean......Page 249
Inference for the Difference Between Two Population Means......Page 252
Inference for a Single Population Proportion......Page 254
Inference for the Difference Between Two Population Proportions......Page 256
Practice Problems......Page 260
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 265
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 266
Simple Linear Regression......Page 275
Inference for the Slope of a Regression Line......Page 277
Confidence Interval for the Slope of a Regression Line......Page 279
Inference for Regression Using Technology......Page 281
Practice Problems......Page 285
Free Response......Page 286
Cumulative Review Problems......Page 289
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 290
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 294
Chi Square Goodness-of-Fit Test......Page 296
Inference for Two-Way Tables......Page 301
Practice Problems......Page 308
Free Response......Page 310
Solutions to Practice Problems......Page 313
Free Response......Page 314
Solutions to Cumulative Review Problems......Page 317
Step 5 Build Your Test-Taking Confidence......Page 318
AP Statistics Practice Exam 1......Page 322
AP Statistics Practice Exam 2......Page 348
Appendixes......Page 372
Formulas......Page 373
Tables......Page 375
Bibliography......Page 379
Web Sites......Page 380
C......Page 381
M......Page 382
R......Page 383
T......Page 384
Z......Page 385